Syncope |

kubva muchiGiriki synkope - truncation

Kushandura kumikidzo kubva pabhiti yakasimba kuenda kune isina simba. Chiitiko chakajairika ndechekuwedzera kwekurira kubva panguva isina simba kusvika kune yakasimba kana kuti yakasimba nguva:

etc. Izwi rokuti “C”, rakaunzwa munguva ye<em>ars nova, rinokweretwa kubva kugirama, apo rinoreva kurasikirwa nezwi risina kusimbiswa kana kuti mavhawero mukati mezwi. Mumimhanzi, hairevi chete kurasikirwa kwechinguva chisina kusimbiswa uye kutanga kusati kwasvika kwechirevo, asiwo chero shanduko mukushushikana. S. inogona kuva zvose "kutarisira" uye "kunonoka" (ona: Braudo IA, Articulation, pp. 78-91), kunyange zvazvo kusiyana uku kusingagoni kuitwa nechokwadi chakazara.

Mune yakasimba-maitiro polyphony, S., inowanzo umbwa nekunonoka, inononoka:

Mune polyphony yakazotevera, apo dissonances inoshandiswa zvakasununguka, gadziriro dzine chokuita nezwi risinganzwisisike religi rinotora hunhu hweinotangira C. In pl. zviitiko, kutungamira kwekuchinja hakugone kusimbiswa: zvakadai, semuenzaniso, zvinonetsa pakati pemetric. inotsigira, kugadzira kuenderera mberi kwekufamba, sepakutanga kwe allegro ye 1st chikamu cheMozart's symphony muD-dur (K.-V. 504). Chiratidzo cheMain S. kutsauka kwekusimbisa chaiko kubva kune inojairika inotarwa nemamita wachi, izvo zvinogadzira rhythmic. "Dissonances", iyo inogadziriswa panguva yekusangana kwezvose zviri zviviri accentuations:

L. Beethoven. 4th symphony, 1st kufamba.

Kune rhythmic dissonances inoda kugadziriswa ndeyekunonzi. hemiola.

Kutsauka kubva pakutaura kwakajairwa kwakakonzera vanyori vedzidziso dzezana ramakore rechi 17. chirevo S. (syncopatio) kune rhetoric yemimhanzi. manhamba, kureva, kutsauka kubva kumaitiro echinyakare ekutaura (sezviverengero zvekare zvinotsanangurwa).

Nezvikonzero zvimwechetezvo, pfungwa yeS. yakazowedzerwa kune ese marudzi easiri metric. matauriro, kusanganisira. nokuda kwezviitiko apo kusimbiswa kwekurova kusina simba kunoteverwa nekumbomira pakurohwa kwakasimba, kwete kuwedzera kwezwi (

), pamwe chete nematauriro echinguvana pakurohwa kwemetrically kusimba, kana iine nguva yakareba yenoti kupfuura yekare yakasimba (ona Lombard rhythm).

Rudzi rwekupedzisira runosanganisira mutinhimira wengano zhinji; dzakafanana nedzekare. iambic kana pakati pezana remakore. 2nd mode, to-rye mumamiriro ewachi rhythm inonzwisiswa seS., asi nehunhu hwavo ndeyeyekutanga rhythmic. hurongwa uhwo hurefu hwenguva isiri nzira yekusimbisa uye uko kugovera kwemazwi kusingadzorwi nechiyero (ona Meter).

Nokudaro, muzviitiko izvi, hapana kupesana kwechimiro cheS. pakati pechokwadi uye metric. kusimbisa. Iko kukakavara pakati pemita nekusimbisa mune dzimwe nguva kunomutsa metric. inotsigira (kunyangwe ikasaitwa mukurira), kugadzira ext. jerks, kusimbisa tempo chaiyo, mune vamwe - inovhara metric. inotsigira uye inogadzira rudzi rwe tempo rubato ("kuba tempo").

S. yerudzi rwekutanga maitiro ekukurumidza kumhanya, kunyanya mukirasi. mumhanzi (umo “simba remutsindo” rinotonga), pamwe chete nekutamba. uye mimhanzi yejazz yezana remakore rechi1; S. yemhando yekutanga inotungamira pano (semuenzaniso, kutanga kwepianoforte ye sonata op. 20 No 31, G-dur uye coda kubva kuBeethoven's Leonora No 1 overture, S. mumabasa akawanda naR. Schumann).

Kashoma, kushandiswa kwemamita uye tempo kunowanikwa nekunonoka S. (somuenzaniso, Beethoven's Coriolan overture, chikamu chikuru chePI Tchaikovsky's Romeo naJuliet overture). Mune rudo Mimhanzi inowanzosangana S. yezvinopesana, "rubat" zvisikwa. Rhythmich. muchiitiko ichi, kusawirirana dzimwe nguva kunoramba kusina kugadziriswa (semuenzaniso, pakupera kwechidimbu chaLiszt "Bénédiction de Dieu dans la solitude" yepiyano):

P. Leaf. Benediction de Dieu dans la woga, chidimbu chepiyano.

Mukugadzira romantics, kunonoka maCs anoshandiswa zvakanyanya. Chimiro chemaitiro ndiko kunonoka kwerwiyo, kwakafanana nekumiswa mukushongedza mhaza. baroque style (, yakaitwa) uye inomiririra yakanyorwa rubato, sezvainzwisiswa mumazana emakore 17-18:

F. Chopin. Fantasy f-moll yepiyano.

Kutarisira S. pakati pevanodanana, uye kunyanya pakati pe AN Scriabin, inorodza mutinhimira. dissonances haisimbise metric. pulsation.

P. Chopin. Nocturne c-moll yepiyano.

References: Braudo IA, Articulation, L., 1965; Mazel LA, Zukkerman VA, Kuongororwa kwemabasa emimhanzi. Zvinhu zvemimhanzi uye nzira dzekuongorora mafomu madiki, M., 1967, p. 191-220.

MG Harlap