Andrey Alekseevich Ivanov |

Andrey Ivanov

Guta rakanyarara reZamostye, rimwe remadokero ekunze kwepre-revolutionary tsarist Russia, rakanga risina kupfuma zvakanyanya muzviitiko mumunda wehupenyu hwetsika. Naizvozvo, zvinongoitika kuti kwaya yevana amateur, yakarongedzwa nemudzidzisi weiyo gymnasium yemunharaunda Alexei Afanasyevich Ivanov, munguva pfupi yakawana mukurumbira wakawanda muguta. Pakati pevaimbi vaduku vose vaiva vanakomana vaAlexei Afanasevich - Sergei naAndrei, vanofarira zvikuru basa rababa vavo. Hama dzakatoronga ochestra yezviridzwa zvevanhu pakwaya yacho. Muduku, Andrei, akaratidza kukwezva kukuru kune unyanzvi, kubva pauduku aifarira kuteerera mimhanzi, achitora nyore rhythm uye unhu hwake.

Pakutanga kweHondo Yenyika Yekutanga, muna 1914, mhuri yeIvanov yakatamira kuKyiv. Mamiriro enguva yehondo akanga asingakodzeri kuzvidzidzo zvemimhanzi, zvaimbova zvekuzvivaraidza zvakakanganwika. Vechidiki Andrei Ivanov vakadzokera kune unyanzvi mushure meOctober Revolution, asi haana pakarepo kuva nyanzvi. Pashure pokunge apedza chikoro chesekondari, akatanga kupinda Kyiv Cooperative Institute. Mumhanzi une rudo rukuru, jaya racho rinowanzoshanyira imba yeopera, uye dzimwe nguva rinoimba nziyo dzaro dzaanoda pamba. Muvakidzani weIvanovs muimba, M. Chikirskaya, aimbova muimbi, achiona mano asina mubvunzo aAndrei, akamukurudzira kuti adzidze kuimba. Jaya racho rinotora zvidzidzo zvepachivande kubva kumudzidzisi N. Lund, uyo akadanana nemudzidzi wake ane chipo uye akadzidza naye mahara kwemakore matatu, sezvo mhuri yeIvanov panguva iyoyo yakanga ine mari shoma. Rufu rwomumwe mudzidzisi rwakakanganisa zvidzidzo izvi.

Achienderera mberi nezvidzidzo zvake paCooperative Institute, Andrey Ivanov panguva imwe chete akapinda muKyiv Opera Theatre sekuwedzera kuitira kuti akwanise kugara achiteerera maopera uye kutora zvishoma zvishoma kutora chikamu mune zvigadzirwa zvavo. Ainyanya kufarira kuimba kwebaritone N. Zubarev, uye, achinyatsoteerera, akacherechedza uye akafananidza nheyo dzekugadzirwa kwezwi, nzira yekuimba yemuimbi ane tarenda, iyo yakanga yakafanana nenzira yakadzidziswa nemushakabvu Lund.

Runyerekupe pamusoro peinoyevedza lyrical-dramatic baritone uye hukuru hukuru hwechidiki wekuwedzera hwakanga huchipararira mumimhanzi nemitambo yemitambo, vakasvikawo kuimba ye opera studio kuKyiv Conservatory. MunaSeptember 1925, Andrei Alekseevich akakokwa ku studio kuti agadzirire uye aite chikamu cheOnegin mukupedza kudzidza kwaEugene Onegin. Kuita kwakabudirira mukuita uku, kunotendwa sechinyorwa chekuchengetedza, kwakasarudza ramangwana remuimbi wechidiki, achivhura zvakanyanya nzira yake kuenda kunhandare yeopera.

Panguva iyoyo, pamwe chete nedzimba dzeOpera dzakamira, paiva nemapoka eopera aifamba achienda kumaguta akasiyana. Mapoka akadaro aiumbwa zvakanyanya nevechidiki vane hunyanzvi, uye kazhinji vaimbi vakakura, vane ruzivo vaitambawo sevatambi mavari. Murongi werimwe remapoka aya akakoka Ivanov, uyo akakurumidza kutora chinzvimbo chekutungamira muboka. Zvingaita sezvisingadaviriki kuti, kuuya kuchikwata nechikamu chimwe chete cheOnegin, Andrei Alekseevich akagadzirira uye akaimba zvikamu makumi maviri nemaviri mugore rebasa. Kusanganisira vakadai saPrince Igor, Dhimoni, Amonasro, Rigoletto, Germont, Valentin, Escamillo, Marcel, Yeletsky naTomsky, Tonio naSilvio. Izvo zvakananga zvebasa reboka rinofamba - nhamba huru yemitambo, nguva dzose inofamba kubva kuguta kuenda kune rimwe guta - haina kusiya nguva yakawanda yebasa rekudzidzira zvakadzama uye zvidzidzo zvakarongeka neanofambidzana. Iyo dhizaini yaidiwa kwete chete yakakwira yekusika tension, asiwo kugona kushanda yakazvimirira, kufambisa zvakasununguka clavier. Uye kana muimbi wekutanga mumamiriro ezvinhu aya akakwanisa kuunganidza repertoire yakakura zvakadaro munguva pfupi inobvira, saka ane chikwereti ichi kunyanya kwaari, tarenda rake guru, rechokwadi, kutsungirira uye rudo rweunyanzvi. Neboka rekufamba, Ivanov akafamba munzvimbo yose yeVolga, North Caucasus nedzimwe nzvimbo dzakawanda, achifadza vateereri kwose kwose nekuimba kwake kunoshamisa, kunaka uye kushanduka kwezwi rechidiki, rakasimba, rinotyisa.

Muna 1926, dzimba mbiri dzeOpera - Tbilisi naBaku - panguva imwe chete yakakoka muimbi wechidiki. Akasarudza Baku, kwaakashanda kwemwaka miviri, achiita zvidimbu zvebaritone mumitambo yose yemitambo. Zvikamu zvitsva zvinowedzerwa kune yakambomiswa repertoire: muenzi weVedenets ("Sadko"), Frederik ("Lakme"). Ndichiri kushanda muBaku, Andrei Alekseevich akawana mukana wekushanyira Astrakhan. Izvi zvakaitika muna 1927.

Mumakore akatevera, achishanda muOdessa (1928-1931), ipapo muSverdlovsk (1931-1934) theatre, Andrei Alekseevich, kunze kwekutora chikamu mumutambo mukuru wekare, akaziva mamwe asingawanzoitwa Western mabasa - Turandot naPuccini. , Johnny anoridza Kshenek nevamwe. Kubva 1934 Andrey Ivanov akadzokera kuKyiv. Mushure mekunge asiya Kyiv Opera House sekuwedzera murudo nemimhanzi, anodzokera pachinhanho chayo semuimbi ane ruzivo rwakakwana ane repertoire yakafara uye yakasiyana-siyana, ane ruzivo rwakakura uye anotora imwe yenzvimbo dzinotungamira pakati pevaimbi veUkraine opera. Somugumisiro wekukura kwakadzikama uye basa rinobereka zvibereko, muna 1944 akapiwa zita rePeople's Artist yeU.SR. Andrey Alekseevich akashanda paKiev Opera House kusvikira muna 1950. Pano, unyanzvi hwake hunozopedzwa, unyanzvi hwake hunokudzwa, mifananidzo yezwi uye yesiteji yaanogadzira yakanyatsozarurwa uye zvakadzama, ichipupurira chipo chinoshamisa chekuzvarwa patsva.

Iye ane nzara-ane simba uye anonyengera hetman Mazepa mune PI Tchaikovsky's opera uye akachena-moyo, asina udyire akashinga jaya Ostap ("Taras Bulba" naLysenko), akabatikana nechishuwo chisingachinji Yakasviba uye izere nehukuru hukuru Prince Igor, anonyengedza akanaka Mizgir uye. akashata, asi anosiririsa mukushata kwake Rigoletto, akakundwa nekupererwa, Dhimoni risingazorori uye rudo rwakashata rwehupenyu, akangwara Figaro. Kune rimwe nerimwe remagamba ake, Ivanov akawana dhirowa isina kujairika, ine fungidziro yebasa kune diki sitiroko, kuwana chokwadi chikuru mukuburitsa mativi akasiyana emweya wemunhu. Asi, kupa ruremekedzo kuhunyanzvi hwedanho remugadziri, chikonzero chikuru chekubudirira kwake kunofanirwa kutsvakwa mukuimba kunonzwika, mukuwanda kwemazwi, timbre uye mimvuri ine simba, mupurasitiki uye kuzara kwemazwi, mune yakanakisa diction. Unyanzvi uhwu hwakabatsira Andrey Ivanov kuti ave muimbi mukuru wekamuri.

Kusvikira 1941, haana kuita konzati mabasa, sezvo akanga akabatikana chaizvo kushanda munhandare huru repertoire. Mabasa matsva ekugadzira akatarisana nemuimbi pakutanga kweGreat Patriotic War. Akabviswa neKyiv Opera House kuenda kuUfa, uyezve kuIrkutsk, Andrey Alekseevich anotora chikamu chinoshingaira mukugadziridzwa kwehunyanzvi hwezvipatara nemauto. Pamwe chete nedariro yake shamwari M. Litvinenko-Wolgemut uye I. Patorzhinskaya, anoenda kumberi, ozoita mumakonzati muMoscow nemamwe maguta. Kudzokera kuKiv yakasunungurwa muna 1944, Ivanov nokukurumidza akabva ikoko nemakonzati kuenda kuGermany, achitevera zvikwata zvinofambira mberi zveSoviet Army.

Nzira yekugadzira yaAndrei Ivanov ndiyo nzira yepakutanga, ane chipo chakajeka muimbi, uyo iyo yemitambo yaiva panguva imwe chete chikoro. Kana pakutanga akaunganidza repertoire nebasa rake pachake, zvino gare gare akashanda nenhamba dzakawanda mumhanzi yemitambo, semutungamiri V. Lossky (Sverdlovsk), conductors A. Pazovsky (Sverdlovsk naKyiv) uye kunyanya V. Dranishnikov ( Kyiv) , akaita basa rakakosha mukusimudzira hunyanzvi hwake hwekutaura uye pachikuva.

Iyi nzira yakasikwa yakatungamirira Andrei Alekseevich kusvika kuguta guru. Akabatana neBolshoi Theatre muna 1950 satenzi akakura, mukutanga kwemasimba ake ekusika. Repertoire yake yemimhanzi, kusanganisira zvakarekodhwa redhiyo, yaive nezvikamu zvinosvika makumi masere. Uye zvakadaro muimbi haana kumira mukutsvaga kwake kwekusika. Kuita muzvikamu zvakajairwa zvakadai saIgor, Dhimoni, Valentin, Germont, akawana mavara matsva mune imwe neimwe yadzo, akavandudza mashandiro avo ezwi nekuita. Chiyero chechikamu cheBolshoi, ruzha rweochestra yaro, kudyidzana kwekugadzira nevaimbi vakanaka kwazvo, shanda munhandare uye paredhiyo pasi pekutungamirwa nevarairidzi N. Golovanov, B. Khaikin, S. Samosud, M. Zhukov - vese uku kwaive kurudziro yekuwedzera kukura kwemuimbi, kudzamisa mifananidzo yakagadzirwa. Saka, mufananidzo weMuchinda Igor unova wakanyanya kukosha, wakakura, wakafumiswa mukugadzirwa kweBolshoi Theatre nechiitiko chekupukunyuka, icho Andrei Alekseevich asina kumbotarisana nacho.

Mabasa ekonzati yemuimbi akawedzerawo. Mukuwedzera kune dzakawanda nzendo dzakapoteredza Soviet Union, Andrei Ivanov akashanyira kakawanda kunze kwenyika - muAustria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Germany, England, kwaakaita kwete mumaguta makuru chete, asiwo mumataundi maduku.

Iyo huru discography yeAA Ivanov:

1. Chiitiko kubva ku opera "Tsarskaya nevesta", chikamu cheGryaznogo, chakanyorwa muna 1946, choir uye orchestra yeGABTA p / u K. Kondrashina, shamwari - N. Obukhova naV. Shevtsov. (Parizvino, CD yakaburitswa kunze kwenyika mumutsara wekuti "Vaimbi veRussia Vanoshamisa" nezvehunyanzvi hweNA Obukhova)
2. Opera "Rigoletto" J. Verdi, chikamu Rigoletto, kunyora 1947, choir GABT, orchestra VR p/u SA MuSamosuda, mumwe wake ndiI. Kozlovsky, I. Maslennikova, V. Borysenko, V. Gavryusov nevamwe. (Parizvino, CD ine kurekodha kweiyo opera yakaburitswa kunze kwenyika)
3. Opera "Cherevichki" naPI Ivanov, M. Mikhailov, E. Antonova nevamwe. (Parizvino, CD ine kurekodha kweiyo opera yakaburitswa kunze kwenyika)
4. Opera "Eugene Onegin" naPI Tchaikovsky, chikamu cheOnegin, chakanyorwa muna 1948, choir uye orchestra yeBolshoi Theater yakaitwa naA. Orlov, vashandi - E. Kruglikova, M. Maksakova, I. Kozlovsky, M. Reizen. (Parizvino, CD ine kurekodha kweiyo opera yakaburitswa kunze kwenyika)
5. Opera "Prince Igor" naAP Borodin, chikamu chePrince Igor, yakanyorwa muna 1949, kwaya uye orchestra yeBolshoi Theatre, inoitiswa naA. Melik-Pashaev, vanobatana - E. Smolenskaya, V. Borisenko, A. Pirogov, S. Lemeshev, M. Reizen nevamwe. (Parizvino CD raburitswa mhiri kwemakungwa)
6. Solo disc yemuimbi nerekodha yearias kubva kuma opera muakatevedzana "Lebendige Vergangenheit - Andrej Ivanov". (Yakabudiswa muGermany paCD)