Zdeněk Chalabala |

Zdenek Chalabala

Shamwari dzake dzakadana Halabala "shamwari yemimhanzi yeRussia". Uye zvechokwadi, kwese kupi kwakashanda muimbi kwemakore mazhinji echiitiko chake semutungamiri, mimhanzi yeRussia yagara iri pakati pekutarisa kwake pamwe chete nemimhanzi yeCzech neSlovak.

Halabala aive akazvarwa opera conductor. Akauya kuimba yemitambo muna 1924 uye akatanga akamira pachikuva mutaundi duku Ugreshski Hradiste. Akapedza kudzidza kuBrno Conservatory, mudzidzi waL. Janáček naF. Neumann, akakurumidza kuratidza mano ake, achiitisa zvose zviri zviviri munhandare uye mumakonzati eSlovak Philharmonic yakatangwa nekutora chikamu kwake. Kubva 1925, akatanga kushanda paBrno Folk Theater, iyo yaakazozova mutungamiriri mukuru.

Panguva ino, kwete chete chimiro chekugadzira chemuitisi chakanga chatemwa, asiwo kutungamirirwa kwebasa rake: akaita ma operas eDvořák naFibich muBrno, akakurudzira nesimba basa raL. Janáček, akatendeukira kumimhanzi yevanyori vemazuva ano. - Novak, Förster, E. Schulhoff, B. Martina, kune zvinyorwa zveRussia ("The Snow Maiden", "Prince Igor", "Boris Godunov", "Khovanshchina", "The Tsar's Bride", "Kitezh"). Basa guru mumatambudziko ake rakaitwa nemusangano naChaliapin, uyo kondakita anodana mumwe we "vadzidzisi vake chaivo": muna 1931, muimbi weRussia akaenda kuBrno, achiita chikamu cheBoris.

Mumakore gumi akatevera, kushanda pamwe chete naV. Talich paPrague National Theatre, Halabala yakatungamirirwa nemitemo yakafanana. Pamwe chete neCzech uye Russian classics, akaita operas naB. Vomachka, M. Krejci, I. Zelinka, F. Shkroupa.

Zuva guru rekuita kweHalabala rakauya munguva yepashure pehondo. Akanga ari mutungamiri mukuru wemitambo huru muCzechoslovakia - muOstrava (1945-1947), Brno (1949-1952), Bratislava (1952-1953) uye, pakupedzisira, kubva muna 1953 kusvika pakuguma kwehupenyu hwake akatungamirira National Theatre. muPrague. Zvigadzirwa zvakanakisa zvemumba uye zvechiRussian classics, akadai seazvino opera Svyatopluk naSukhonya uye Prokofiev's Tale yeMunhu Chaiye, yakaunza Halabala kucherechedzwa kwakakodzera.

Mutungamiriri akadzokorora kuita kunze kwenyika - muYugoslavia, Poland, East Germany, Italy. Muna 1 akaenda kuUSSR kekutanga nePrague National Theatre, achiitisa Smetana's The Bartered Bride uye Dvořák's Rusalka. Uye makore maviri gare gare akafamba kuMoscow Bolshoi Theatre, kwaakabatanidzwa mukugadzirwa kwe "Boris Godunov", "The Taming of the Shrew" naShebalin, "Mukunda wake" naJanacek uye muLeningrad - "The Mermaid" naDvorak. . Mitambo yakaitwa pasi pekutungamirirwa kwake yakanzi neMoscow press "chiitiko chinokosha muupenyu hwemimhanzi"; vatsoropodzi vakarumbidza basa re“nyanzvi yokudhirowa isinganyatsooneki uye inonzwisisa” iyo “yakakwezva vateereri nedudziro inogutsa.”

Zvinhu zvakanakisa zvetarenda raHalabala - kudzika uye kupusa, hupamhi hwehupamhi, chiyero chepfungwa - zvinoratidzwa zvakare mune zvakarekodhwa zvaakasiya, kusanganisira opera "Whirlpool" naSukhonya, "Sharka" naFibich, "Dhiyabhorosi naKacha" naDvorak uye. vamwe, uyewo zvakaitwa muUSSR kurekodhwa kweOpera yaV. Shebalin “The Taming of the Shrew”.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek