Pierre Boulez |

Pierre Boulez

Muna March 2000, Pierre Boulez akashandura makore 75 okuberekwa. Maererano nomumwe mutsoropodzi anotyisa weBritain, mwero wemhemberero dzegore negore uye matauriro echitendero zvingadai zvakanyadzisa kunyange Wagner pachake: “kune wokunze zvingaita sokuti tiri kutaura nezvomuponesi wechokwadi wenyika yenziyo.”

Mumaduramazwi uye encyclopedias, Boulez anotaridzika se "Munyori wechiFrench uye kondakita." Mugove weshumba werukudzo wakaenda, pasina mubvunzo, kuna Boulez kondakita, ane basa risati raderera mumakore apfuura. Kana ari Boulez semunyori, mumakore makumi maviri apfuura haana kugadzira chero chinhu chitsva. Zvichakadaro, pesvedzero yebasa rake pamumhanzi wepashure pehondo yekuMadokero haigone kuve yakawandisa.

Muna 1942-1945, Boulez akadzidza naOlivier Messiaen, ane kirasi yekunyora paParis Conservatory yakava zvichida "incubator" yemafungiro e-avant-garde muWestern Europe yakasunungurwa kubva kuNazism (inotevera Boulez, dzimwe mbiru dzemumhanzi avant-garde - Karlheinz. Stockhausen, Yannis Xenakis, Jean Barrake, György Kurtág, Gilbert Ami nevamwe vakawanda). Messiaen akaendesa kuna Boulez kufarira kwakakosha mumatambudziko emutinhimira uye ruvara rwechiridzwa, mune dzisiri dzeEuropean mimhanzi tsika, pamwe nepfungwa yechimiro chakaumbwa nezvidimbu zvakasiyana uye zvisingareve kusimudzira kunoenderana. Chipangamazano wechipiri waBoulez aive Rene Leibovitz (1913–1972), muimbi anobva kuPoland, mudzidzi weSchoenberg naWebern, muongorori wezvemitemo anozivikanwa wegumi nembiri-toni serial technique (dodecaphony); iyo yekupedzisira yakambundirwa nevaimbi vechidiki vekuEurope vechizvarwa chaBoulez sechizaruro chechokwadi, seimwe nzira inodiwa kune dzidziso dzezuro. Boulez akadzidza serial engineering pasi peLeibowitz muna 1945-1946. Nenguva isipi akaita debut yake neFirst Piano Sonata (1946) uye Sonatina yeFlute and Piano (1946), mabasa ane mwero, akagadzirwa maererano nemabikirwo aSchoenberg. Mamwe maopu ekutanga eBoulez ndiwo cantatas The Wedding Face (1946) uye Zuva reMvura (1948) (ese ari pamavhesi neakatanhamara surrealist mudetembi René Char), Yechipiri Piano Sonata (1948), The Book for String Quartet ( 1949) - yakagadzirwa pasi pesimba rekubatana kwevadzidzisi vese, pamwe naDebussy naWebern. Hunhu hwakajeka hwemuimbi wechidiki hwakazviratidza, kutanga kune zvese, mukusagadzikana kwemumhanzi, mukuvhunduka kwayo kwakatsemuka uye kuwanda kweanopinza ane simba uye tempo kusiyana.

Mukutanga ma1950s, Boulez akabuda nechisimba kubva kuSchoenbergian orthodox dodecaphony akadzidziswa naLeibovitz. Muchiitiko chake kumukuru wechikoro chitsva cheViennese, chakanzi "Schoenberg afa", akazivisa mimhanzi yaSchoenberg yakadzika midzi muRomanticism uye nekudaro haina basa, uye akaita ongororo dzakasimba mu "kuumbwa" kwakaomarara kwemhando dzakasiyana dzemimhanzi. Muavant-garde radicalism yake, mudiki Boulez dzimwe nguva aiyambuka mutsara wechikonzero: kunyangwe vateereri vakanaka vemitambo yepasirese yemimhanzi yemazuva ano muDonaueschingen, Darmstadt, Warsaw vakaramba vasina hanya nezvakawanda zvakadaro zvenguva yake iyi se "Polyphony. -X" yezviridzwa gumi nemasere (18) uye bhuku rekutanga reZvirongwa zvepiyano mbiri (1951/1952). Boulez akataura kuzvipira kwake kusingaverengeki kumatekiniki matsva ekuronga zvinonzwika kwete chete mubasa rake, asiwo mune zvinyorwa uye zviziviso. Saka, mune imwe yehurukuro dzake muna 53, akazivisa kuti munyori wemazuva ano uyo aisanzwa kudiwa kweseriyo teknolojia, "hapana anoida." Zvisinei, munguva pfupi zvikuru maonero ake akapfava pasi pesimba rekuzivana nebasa revasiri vashoma, asi kwete vanoomerera kune vamwe - Edgar Varese, Yannis Xenakis, Gyorgy Ligeti; ipapo, Boulez akazvipira kuita mimhanzi yavo.

Maitiro aBoulez semunyori akashanduka akananga kushanduka. Muna 1954, kubva pasi pepeni yake kwakauya "Nyundo isina Tenzi" - zvikamu zvipfumbamwe zvezwi-chiridzwa che contralto, alto flute, xylorimba (xylophone ine kureba), vibraphone, percussion, gitare uye viola kumashoko naRené Char. . Iko hakuna zvikamu muThe Hammer mupfungwa yakajairika; panguva imwecheteyo, iyo yese seti yemaparamita ejira rinorira rebasa rinotemwa nepfungwa yeseriality, iyo inoramba chero nzira dzechinyakare dzekugara uye kusimudzira uye inosimbisa kukosha kwemukati kwemunhu nguva uye mapoinzi enguva yemimhanzi- nzvimbo. Iyo yakasarudzika timbre mamiriro ekutenderera inotarwa nekubatanidzwa kweizwi revakadzi rakaderera uye zviridzwa zviri padyo nayo (alto) register.

Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, maitiro ekunze anooneka, achiyeuchidza ruzha rwechinyakare Indonesian gamelan (percussion orchestra), chiridzwa chine tambo dzeJapan koto, etc. Igor Stravinsky, uyo aikoshesa basa iri, akaenzanisa mhepo yaro inonzwika nekutinhira kwemakristasi echando achirova. pamadziro egirazi mukombe. Iyo Hammer yakadzika munhoroondo seimwe yeakanakisa, aesthetically isingachinji, zvibodzwa zvemuenzaniso kubva kuheyday ye "great-garde".

Mimhanzi mitsva, kunyanya inonzi avant-garde, inowanzoshorwa nokuda kwokushaikwa kwayo mutinhimira. Nezve Boulez, kuzvidza kwakadaro, kutaura zvazviri, hakuna kunaka. Kuratidzira kwakasarudzika kwenziyo dzake kunotemerwa neinochinjika uye inoshanduka rhythm, kudzivirira symmetrical uye inodzokorora zvimiro, yakapfuma uye yakaoma melismatics. Nezvose zvine musoro "kuvaka", Boulez's melodic mitsara haina kuoma uye isina hupenyu, asi ipurasitiki uye inoyevedza. Chimiro chaBoulez, icho chakatora chimiro mumaopuse akafemerwa nedetembo rekufungidzira raRené Char, akagadziridzwa mu "Two Improvisations mushure meMallarmé" ye soprano, percussion uye rudimbwa pazvinyorwa zvesonnets zviviri nemumiriri wechiFrench (1957). Boulez akazowedzera kuvandudzwa kwechitatu kwesoprano uye orchestra (1959), pamwe chete nesangano rinonyanya kushanda rekutanga "Chipo" uye yekupedzisira orchestral yekupedzisira ine vocal coda "The Tomb" (zvese kumashoko naMallarme; 1959-1962) . Mhedzisiro yekufamba-famba kweshanu, inonzi "Pli selon pli" (inoshandurwa kuti "Fold by Fold") uye yakanzi "Portrait of Mallarme", yakatanga kuitwa muna 1962. chidzitiro chinokandwa pamusoro pemufananidzo wemudetembi zvishoma nezvishoma, chakapetwa nekupeta, chinodonha apo mumhanzi unofamba. Kutenderera "Pli selon pli", iyo inotora nguva ingangoita awa, inoramba iri yemunyori mukurusa, chibodzwa chikuru. Kusiyana nezvido zvemunyori, ndinoda kuidaidza kuti "vocal symphony": inofanirwa zita rerudzi urwu, kana chete nekuti ine yakagadziridzwa system yemimhanzi yekubatana kwemhanzi pakati pezvikamu uye inotsamira pane yakasimba kwazvo uye inoshanda inoshamisa musimboti.

Sezvaunoziva, mamiriro ekunze enhetembo yaMallarmé akakwezva zvakanyanya kuna Debussy naRavel.

Mushure mekupa mutero kune anofananidzira-impressionist chikamu chebasa remudetembi muThe Fold, Boulez akatarisana nechisikwa chake chinoshamisa - iro rakaburitswa risati rapera Bhuku, umo "pfungwa dzese idombo remapfupa" uye iro, pazere, rakafanana. "kupararira kwenyeredzi kunongoerekana kwaitika", ndiko kuti, kunosanganisira kuzvimiririra, kwete kurongeka, asi zvidimbu zveunyanzvi zvakabatanidzwa mukati. "Bhuku" raMallarmé rakapa Boulez pfungwa yeinonzi nharembozha kana "basa riri kuenderera mberi" (muChirungu - "basa riri kuenderera mberi"). Chiitiko chekutanga cherudzi urwu mubasa reBoulez chaiva chechitatu Piano Sonata (1957); zvikamu zvaro ("mafomati") uye zvikamu zvega mukati mezvikamu zvinogona kuitwa mune chero hurongwa, asi imwe yemafomati ("mapoka enyeredzi") inofanira kunge iri pakati. Iyo sonata yakateverwa neFigures-Doubles-Prismes yeorchestra (1963), Domaines yeclarinet uye mapoka matanhatu ezviridzwa (1961-1968) uye akati wandei mamwe maopusi ayo achiri kugara achiongororwa uye kugadziridzwa nemunyori, sezvo musimboti ivo. haigone kupedzwa. Imwe yeashoma anonoka zvibodzwa zveBoulez ane fomu rakapihwa ndeyeyekupedzisira hafu yeawa "Ritual" yeorchestra hombe (1975), yakatsaurirwa kundangariro yemuimbi ane simba wekuItaly, mudzidzisi uye conductor Bruno Maderna (1920-1973).

Kubva pakutanga kwebasa rake reunyanzvi, Boulez akawana tarenda rakatanhamara resangano. Kare muna 1946, akatora chinzvimbo chemukuru wemimhanzi weParis theatre Marigny (The'a ^ tre Marigny), achitungamirwa nemutambi ane mukurumbira uye director Jean-Louis Barraud. Muna 1954, pasi pekutungamirirwa kweimba yemitambo, Boulez, pamwe chete naGermany Scherkhen naPiotr Suvchinsky, vakatanga sangano rekonzati "Domain musical" ("The Domain of Music"), iyo yaakatungamirira kusvika 1967. Chinangwa chayo chaiva kusimudzira yekare uye mimhanzi yemazuva ano, uye iyo Domain Musical chamber orchestra yakava modhi kune akawanda ensembles ari kuita mimhanzi yezana ramakore rechi XNUMX. Achitungamirirwa naBoulez, uye gare gare mudzidzi wake Gilbert Amy, iyo Domaine Musical orchestra yakanyorwa pazvinyorwa zvakawanda zvevanyori vatsva, kubva kuSchoenberg, Webern naVarese kusvika kuXenakis, Boulez pachake nevamwe vake.

Kubva pakati pemakore makumi matanhatu, Boulez akawedzera mabasa ake se opera uye symphony conductor ye "zvakajairika" mhando, kwete nyanzvi mukuita kwemimhanzi yekare neyemazuva ano. Saizvozvowo, kugadzirwa kweBoulez semunyori kwakaderera zvikuru, uye mushure me "Ritual" yakamira kwemakore akawanda. Chimwe chezvikonzero zveizvi, pamwe nekuvandudzwa kwebasa remuitisi, raive basa rakasimba pasangano muParis renzvimbo huru yemimhanzi mitsva - Institute of Musical and Acoustic Research, IRCAM. Mune zviitiko zve IRCAM, iyo Boulez aive mutungamiriri kusvika 1992, maviri emakadhinari mirau anomira pachena: kukwidziridzwa kwemimhanzi mitsva uye kuvandudzwa kwehunyanzvi hwekuita ruzha. Chiito chekutanga cheveruzhinji cheiyo Institute chaive kutenderera kwemakonzati makumi manomwe emimhanzi yezana 70th century (1977). Pachikoro ichi, pane boka rinoita "Ensemble InterContemporain" ("International Contemporary Music Ensemble"). Panguva dzakasiyana, ensemble iyi yaitungamirwa nemakondakita akasiyana (kubvira 1992, murungu David Robertson), asi ndiBoulez anove anowanzo zivikanwa asina kurongeka kana semi-formal artic director. IRCAM's tekinoroji base, iyo inosanganisira yezvino-ye-iyo-inoyevedza-inzwi-synthesizing michina, inowanikwa kune vanyori vanobva kumativi ese enyika; Boulez akaishandisa mune akati wandei opus, iyo inonyanya kukosha iyo "Responsorium" yezviridzwa ensemble uye ruzha rwakagadzirwa pakombuta (1982). Mumakore ekuma1990, chimwe chirongwa chakakura cheBoulez chakaitwa muParis - iyo Cite' de la musique konzati, mamuseum uye yedzidzo yakaoma. Vazhinji vanotenda kuti kurudziro yaBoulez pamhanzi yeFrance yakakurisa, zvekuti IRCAM yake isangano remasekete rinoita zvemhando yemimhanzi yemhando yezvidzidzo izvo zvakarasa kukosha kune dzimwe nyika. Kupfuurirazve, kuvepo kwakanyanya kwaBoulez muhupenyu hwemimhanzi hweFrance kunotsanangura chokwadi chekuti vanyori vemazuva ano vekuFrance vasiri veBoulezian denderedzwa, pamwe nevafambisi veFrance vezera repakati nevechidiki, vanotadza kuita basa rakasimba renyika dzese. Asi ngazvive izvo, Boulez ane mukurumbira uye ane chiremera chakakwana kuti, achiregeredza kurwiswa kwakasimba, arambe achiita basa rake, kana, kana uchida, tevera mutemo wake.

Kana, semunyori uye mimhanzi, Boulez anomutsa mafungiro akaoma kwaari, ipapo Boulez semuitisi anogona kunzi nechivimbo chakazara mumwe wevamiririri vakuru vebasa iri munhoroondo yose yekuvapo kwayo. Boulez haana kuwana dzidzo yakakosha, panyaya dzekuita tekinoroji akarairwa nevarairidzi vechizvarwa chekare chakazvipira kukonzeresa mimhanzi mitsva - Roger Desormière, Herman Scherchen naHans Rosbaud (gare gare mutambi wekutanga we "The Hammer isina Master" uye maviri ekutanga "Improvisations maererano naMallarme"). Kusiyana nevamwe vese "nyeredzi" conductors nhasi, Boulez akatanga semuturikiri wemimhanzi yemazuva ano, kunyanya yake, pamwe nemudzidzisi wake Messiaen. Pakati pezvinyorwa zvezana remakore rechimakumi maviri, repertoire yake yakatanga kutungamirirwa nemimhanzi yaDebussy, Schoenberg, Berg, Webern, Stravinsky (nguva yeRussia), Varese, Bartok. Sarudzo yeBoulez yaiwanzotaurwa kwete nehukama hwemweya kune mumwe kana mumwe munyori kana rudo rweiyi kana iyo mimhanzi, asi nekufunga kwechinangwa chedzidzo. Semuenzaniso, akabvuma pachena kuti pakati pemabasa eSchoenberg pane izvo zvaasingadi, asi anofunga kuti ibasa rake kuita, nokuti anonyatsoziva kukosha kwavo kwezvakaitika kare uye unyanzvi. Zvisinei, kushivirira kwakadaro hakupfuuriri kune vose vanyori, avo vanowanzobatanidzwa mumakirasi emimhanzi mitsva: Boulez achiri kuona Prokofiev naHindemith sevanyori vechipiri, uye Shostakovich kunyange yechitatu-chiyero (nenzira, yakataurwa neID. Glikman mubhuku "Tsamba kushamwari" nyaya yekuti Boulez akatsvoda ruoko rwaShostakovich muNew York ndeye apokirifa; kutaura zvazviri, angave asiri Boulez, asi Leonard Bernstein, mudiwa anozivikanwa wemaitiro akadaro emitambo).

Imwe yenguva dzakakosha mubiography yaBoulez sekondakita yaive yakabudirira kugadzirwa kweAlban Berg's opera Wozzeck paParis Opera (1963). Mutambo uyu, une nyeredzi Walter Berry naIsabelle Strauss, wakarekodhwa neCBS uye unowanikwa kune vateereri vemazuva ano paSony Classical discs. Nekuita mutambo unonakidza, uchiri mutsva uye usina kujairika panguva iyoyo, opera mumuzinda weConservatism, waionekwa seGrand Opera Theatre, Boulez akaziva pfungwa yake yaaida yekubatanidza maitiro ezvidzidzo neazvino. Kubva pano, mumwe angati, akatanga basa raBoulez seKapellmeister ye "yakajairika" mhando. Muna 1966, Wieland Wagner, muzukuru wemunyori, mutungamiriri weopera uye maneja anozivikanwa nemafungiro ake asina kujairika uye anowanzo shamisa, akakoka Boulez kuBayreuth kuitisa Parsifal. Kwapera gore, pakushanya kwechikwata cheBayreuth muJapan, Boulez akaitisa Tristan und Isolde (pane vhidhiyo yekurekodhwa kwechiitiko ichi chine muenzaniso wema1960 Wagner vaviri Birgit Nilsson naWolfgang Windgassen; Legato Classics LCV 005, 2 VHS; 1967) .

Kusvikira 1978, Boulez akadzoka kakawanda kuBayreuth kuti aite Parsifal, uye kuguma kwebasa rake reBayreuth raiva zuva rekuyeuka (pagore re 100th rekutanga) kugadzirwa kweDer Ring des Nibelungen mu1976; pepanhau repasi rose rakashambadza zvakanyanya chigadzirwa ichi se "Ring of the Century". MuBayreuth, Boulez akaita tetralogy kwemakore mana akatevera, uye mitambo yake (munzira inotsamwisa yaPatrice Chereau, uyo akatsvaka kuvandudza chiito chacho) akarekodhwa pamadisiki uye makaseti evhidhiyo naPhilips (12 CD: 434 421-2 - 434 432-2 7 VHS: 070407-3; 1981).

Makumi manomwe munhoroondo ye opera akacherechedzwa nechimwe chiitiko chikuru icho Boulez akabatanidzwa zvakananga: muchirimo cha1979, padanho reParis Opera, pasi pekutungamira kwake, yekutanga yenyika yeshanduro yakakwana yeBerg's opera Lulu. zvakaitika (sezvainozivikanwa, Berg akafa, achisiya chikamu chikuru chechiito chechitatu che opera mumifananidzo; basa rekuimba kwavo, iro rakazogoneka chete mushure mekufa kwechirikadzi yaBerg, rakaitwa nemunyori weAustria uye mutungamiriri. Friedrich Cerha). Kugadzirwa kwaShero kwakasimudzirwa mune yakajairwa yakaomesesa erotic maitiro emukuru uyu, ayo, zvisinei, ainyatsoenderana neBerg's opera ine hypersexual heroine.

Pamusoro pemabasa aya, Boulez's operatic repertoire inosanganisira Debussy's Pelléas et Mélisande, Bartók's Castle yaDuke Bluebeard, Schoenberg's Moses naAaron. Kusavapo kweVerdi naPuccini mune iyi runyorwa chiratidzo, tisingatauri Mozart naRossini. Boulez, pazviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana, akadzokorora kuratidza maitiro ake ekutsoropodza kune iyo operatic genre seizvi; sezviri pachena, chimwe chinhu chinowanikwa mumakondakita eopera echokwadi, akaberekwa haanzwisisike kuhunhu hwake hwehunyanzvi. Marekodhi eopera eBoulez anowanzo buritsa fungidziro: kune rimwe divi, ivo vanoziva "trademark" yakadaro yemaitiro eBoulez seyepamusoro rhythmic chirango, kunyatsoenderana kwehukama hwese wakatwasuka uye wakatwasuka, wakajeka zvisingaite, kutaura kwakasiyana kunyangwe muzvinyorwa zvakaoma kwazvo. mirwi, neimwewo ndeyekuti kusarudzwa kwevaimbi dzimwe nguva kunosiya zvakanyanya kudiwa. Iyo studio yekurekodha ye "Pelléas et Mélisande", yakaitwa mukupera kwema1960s neCBS, ine hunhu: basa raPelléas, rakaitirwa anowanzo French high baritone, anonzi baritone-Martin (mushure memuimbi J.-B. .Martin, 1768 –1837), nokuda kwechimwe chikonzero akaronzeswa kune anochinjika, asi manyorerwo asingakwanisi kuita basa rake, dramatic tenor George Shirley. Iwo makuru enziyo e "Ring of the Century" - Gwyneth Jones (Brünnhilde), Donald McIntyre (Wotan), Manfred Jung (Siegfried), Jeannine Altmeyer (Sieglinde), Peter Hoffman (Siegmund) - vanogamuchirwa, asi hapana chimwe: havana hunhu hwakajeka. Zvimwe kana zvishoma zvakafanana zvinogona kutaurwa nezve protagonists ye "Parsifal", yakanyorwa muBayreuth muna 1970 - James King (Parsifal), akafanana McIntyre (Gurnemanz) naJones (Kundry). Teresa Stratas mutambi uye muimbi ane mukurumbira, asi haagare achiburitsa mavara akaomarara muLulu nemazvo. Panguva imwecheteyo, munhu haagone kutadza kucherechedza hunyanzvi hwekutaura uye hwemimhanzi hwevatori vechikamu mukurekodhwa kwechipiri kweBartok's "Duke Bluebeard's castle" yakaitwa naBoulez - Jesse Norman naLaszlo Polgara (DG 447 040-2; 1994).

Asati atungamira IRCAM neEntercontamporen Ensemble, Boulez aive Principal Conductor weCleveland Orchestra (1970-1972), British Broadcasting Corporation Symphony Orchestra (1971-1974) uye New York Philharmonic Orchestra (1971-1977). Nemabhendi aya, akarekodha akati wandei eCBS, ikozvino Sony Classical, mazhinji ayo ari, pasina kuwedzeredza, kutsungirira kukosha. Chokutanga pane zvose, izvi zvinoshanda kune zvakaunganidzwa zveochestra naDebussy (pamadhisiki maviri) uye Ravel (pamatatu matatu).

Mukududzirwa kweBoulez, mumhanzi uyu, pasina kurasikirwa nechinhu chero chipi zvacho maererano nenyasha, kupfava kwekuchinja, zvakasiyana-siyana uye kunatsiridzwa kwemavara etimbre, inoratidza kujeka kwekristaro uye kuchena kwemitsara, uye mune dzimwe nzvimbo zvakare indomitable rhythmic pressure uye yakakura symphonic kufema. Hunyanzvi hwechokwadi hwehunyanzvi hwekuita hunosanganisira kurekodhwa kweThe Wonderful Mandarin, Mimhanzi yeTrings, Percussion naCelesta, Bartók's Concerto yeOrchestra, Zvishanu Zvidimbu zveOrchestra, Serenade, Schoenberg's Orchestral Variations, uye zvimwe zvibodzwa naStravinsky wechidiki (zvisinei, Stravinsky pachake. haana kunyanya kufadzwa nekurekodhwa kwekutanga kweThe Rite of Spring, achitaura nezvazvo seizvi: "Izvi zvakaipisisa kupfuura zvandaitarisira, ndichiziva mwero wepamusoro wemaitiro aMaestro Boulez"), Varese's América naArcana, ese enziyo dzeWebern's orchestral ...

Kufanana nemudzidzisi wake Hermann Scherchen, Boulez haashandise baton uye anozviita nemaune, sebhizinesi, izvo - pamwe nemukurumbira wake wekunyora zvibodzwa zvinotonhora, zvakanyungudutswa, zvine masvomhu - zvinodyisa maonero akakurumbira pamusoro pake semuiti webasa chairo. chinangwa chekuchengetera zvinhu, chine hunyanzvi uye chakavimbika, asi chakaoma (kunyangwe dudziro dzake dzisingaenzaniswi dzevaImpressionists dzakashoropodzwa nekunyanya graphic uye, sekutaura, zvisina kukwana "impressionistic"). Kuongorora kwakadaro hakuna kukwana zvachose kuchiyero chechipo chaBoulez. Kuve mutungamiriri weiyi orchestra, Boulez haana kuita chete Wagner uye mimhanzi yezana 4489th, asiwo Haydn, Beethoven, Schubert, Berlioz, Liszt… mafemu. Semuenzaniso, kambani yeMemories yakaburitsa Schumann's Scenes kubva kuFaust (HR 90/7), yakaitwa munaKurume 1973, 425 muLondon nekutora chikamu kweBBC Choir uye Orchestra naDietrich Fischer-Dieskau muchikamu chezita (nenzira, munguva pfupi. izvi zvisati zvaitika, muimbi akaita uye "pamutemo" akarekodha Faust kukambani yeDecca (705 2-1972; XNUMX) achitungamirirwa naBenjamin Britten - muvambi chaiye muzana remakore rechimakumi maviri rekupedzisira, asina kuenzana mumhando, asi mune dzimwe nzvimbo. brilliant Schumann zvibodzwa). Kure nemhando yemuenzaniso yekurekodha haititadzisi kukoshesa hukuru hwepfungwa uye kukwana kwekuita kwayo; muteereri anogona chete kugodora avo vane mhanza vakaguma vapinda muhoro yekonzati manheru iwayo. Kudyidzana pakati peBoulez naFischer-Dieskau - vaimbi, zvingaita, zvakasiyana-siyana maererano netarenda - inosiya chero chinhu chinodiwa. Chiitiko cherufu rwaFaust chinonzwika pamwero wepamusoro-soro wepathos, uye pamashoko okuti “Verweile doch, du bist so schon” (“O, unoshamisa sei, mira zvishoma!” - rakashandurwa naB. Pasternak), fungidziro yenguva yakamira inowanikwa zvinoshamisa.

Semukuru we IRCAM uye Ensemble Entercontamporen, Boulez akabhadhara zvakanyanya kumimhanzi yazvino.

Pamusoro pemabasa aMesiaen neake, ainyanya kuisa muzvirongwa zvake mimhanzi yaElliot Carter, György Ligeti, György Kurtág, Harrison Birtwistle, vanyori vadiki veIRCAM denderedzwa. Aive uye anoramba achikahadzika nezvemafashoni minimalism uye "nyowani nyore", achivaenzanisa neresitorendi yekudya nekukurumidza: "yakanaka, asi isingafadze zvachose." Achitsoropodza nziyo dze<em>rock nokuda kwe<em>primitivism, nokuda kwe“kuwanda kusina mufungo kwezvimiro zvendangariro uye clichés”, zvisinei anocherekedza mairi “simba” rine utano; muna 1984, akatonyora neEnsemble Entercontamporen dhisiki "The Perfect Stranger" nemimhanzi naFrank Zappa (EMI). Muna 1989, akasaina kondirakiti yakasarudzika neDeutsche Grammophon, uye makore maviri gare gare akasiya chinzvimbo chake semukuru we IRCAM kuti azvipire zvizere mukuumba uye kuita semuenzi conductor. PaDeutsche Grammo-phon, Boulez akaburitsa miunganidzwa mitsva yemimhanzi yeorchestra naDebussy, Ravel, Bartok, Webburn (pamwe neCleveland, Berlin Philharmonic, Chicago Symphony uye London Symphony Orchestras); kunze kwekunaka kwezvakarekodhwa, hazvina kana nani kupfuura zvinyorwa zvekare zveCBS. Zvitsva zvakatanhamara zvinosanganisira Nhetembo yeEcstasy, iyo Piano Concerto uye Prometheus naScriabin (piyano Anatoly Ugorsky ndiye muimbi wega mumabasa maviri ekupedzisira); I, IV-VII uye IX masimphoni uye Mahler's "Rwiyo rwePasi"; Bruckner's symphonies VIII uye IX; "Saka Akataura Zarathustra" naR. Strauss. MuBoulez's Mahler, kufananidzira, kukwezva kwekunze, pamwe, kunokunda kutaura uye chishuwo chekuburitsa zvakadzama metaphysical. Kurekodhwa kweBruckner's Eighth Symphony, yakaitwa neVienna Philharmonic panguva yemhemberero dzeBruckner muna 1996, yakashongedzwa uye haina kuderera pakududzirwa kwevakazvarwa "Brucknerians" maererano neruzha rwekuvaka-up, hukuru hwepamusoro, inoratidzira hupfumi hwemitsara yemelodic, frenzy mu scherzo uye sublime kufungisisa muadagio. Panguva imwecheteyo, Boulez anotadza kuita chishamiso uye neimwe nzira anotsvedza hurongwa hwechimiro chaBruckner, kupinza kusina tsitsi kwekutevedzana uye kudzokorora ostinato. Sezvineiwo, mumakore achangopfuura, Boulez akanyatso kupfavisa maitiro ake ekare ehutsinye kune Stravinsky's "neoclassical" opuss; rimwe remadhisiki ake azvino uno rinosanganisira Symphony yeMapisarema uye Symphony muTatu Movements (ine Berlin Radio Choir uye Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra). Pane tariro yokuti huwandu hwezvido zvatenzi hucharamba huchiwedzera, uye, ndiani anoziva, zvichida isu tichiri kunzwa mabasa aVerdi, Puccini, Prokofiev uye Shostakovich akaitwa naye.

Levon Hakopyan, 2001