Alexander Iosifovich Baturin |

Alexander Baturin

Nzvimbo yekuzvarwa kwaAlexander Iosifovich iguta reOshmyany, pedyo neVilnius (Lithuania). Muimbi wemangwana akabva kumhuri yemudzidzisi wekumaruwa. Baba vake vakafa apo Baturin aingova negore rimwe chete. Mumaoko amai, kuwedzera kuna Sasha muduku, paiva nevamwe vana vatatu, uye upenyu hwemhuri hwakaenderera mberi mukushaiwa kukuru. Muna 1911, mhuri yeBaturin yakatamira kuOdessa, uko makore mashomanana gare gare muimbi wemangwana akapinda auto mechanic courses. Kuti abatsire amai vake, anotanga kushanda mugaraji uye anotyaira motokari pazera remakore gumi nemashanu. Achitsvanzvadzira injini, mutyairi wechidiki aida kuimba. Rimwe zuva, akaona kuti vamwe vaaishanda navo vakanga vamuunganira, vachiteerera nokuyemura inzwi rake duku rakanaka. Pakusimbirira kweshamwari, Alexander Iosifovich anoita manheru evaAmateur mugaraji rake. Kubudirira kwacho kwakave kwakakosha zvekuti vaimbi vehunyanzvi vakakokwa manheru akatevera, avo vakatenda zvikuru AI Baturin. Kubva kumubatanidzwa wevashandi vekutakura, muimbi wemangwana anogamuchira kutumirwa kunodzidza kuPetrograd Conservatory.

Mushure mekuteerera kuimba kwaBaturin, Alexander Konstantinovich Glazunov, uyo panguva iyoyo akanga ari mutungamiriri weimba yekuchengetedza, akapa mhedziso inotevera: "Baturin ine runako rwakatanhamara, simba uye inzwi rezwi rinodziya uye rakapfuma ..." Mushure mebvunzo dzekupinda, iyo muimbi anobvumirwa kukirasi yaProfessor I. Tartakov. Baturin akadzidza zvakanaka panguva iyoyo uye akatowana bhezari kwavari. Borodin. Muna 1924, Baturin akapedza kudzidza nerukudzo kubva kuPetrograd Conservatory. Pabvunzo yekupedzisira, AK Glazunov anonyora: "Inzwi rakanaka kwazvo retimbre yakanaka, yakasimba uye ine muto. Hunyanzvi hune tarenda. Clear diction. Plastic declamation. 5+ (shanu kuwedzera). People's Commissar for Education, ajairana nekuongorora uku kwemuimbi ane mukurumbira, anotumira muimbi wechidiki kuRoma kuti avandudze. Ikoko, Alexander Iosifovich akapinda muSanta Cecilia Academy of Music, kwaakadzidza achitungamirirwa nemukurumbira Mattia Battistini. MuMilan's La Scala, muimbi wechidiki anoimba zvikamu zvaDon Basilio naPhilip II muDon Carlos, uyezve anoridza mumaopera eBastien naBastienne naMozart naGluck's Knees. Baturin akashanyirawo mamwe maguta eItaly, achitora chikamu mukuita kweVerdi's Requiem (Palermo), achiita mumakonzati e symphony. Mushure mokunge apedza kudzidza kubva kuAcademy yeRome, muimbi anoshanyira Europe, anoshanyira France, Belgium neGermany, uye anodzokera kunyika yake uye muna 1927 akanyorwa semuimbi ari oga paBolshoi Theater.

Kuita kwake kwekutanga muMoscow kwaiva saMelnik (Mermaid). Kubvira ipapo, Alexander Iosifovich akaita mabasa akawanda pachikuva cheBolshoi. Anoimba zvose bass uye baritone zvikamu, nokuti uwandu hwezwi rake hwakafara zvisingawanzoitiki uye hunomubvumira kuti ararame nezvikamu zvePrince Igor naGremin, Escamillo naRuslan, Dhimoni naMephistopheles. Kusiyana kwakasiyana-siyana kwakadaro kwakanga kuri mugumisiro wekushanda nesimba kwomuimbi pakugadzira inzwi rake. Ehe, chikoro chezwi chakanakisa chakaitwa naBaturin, kugona kwaakawana kushandisa marejista ezwi akasiyana, uye kudzidza kwehunyanzvi hwesainzi kwakabatsirawo. Muimbi anoshanda zvakanyanya pamifananidzo yeRussia opera classics. Vateereri nevatsoropodzi vanonyanya kucherechedza mifananidzo yakagadzirwa nemuiti wePimen muBoris Godunov, Dosifei muKhovanshchina, Tomsky muThe Queen of Spades.

Nekunzwa kunodziya, Alexander Iosifovich akayeuka NS Golovanov, pasi peutungamiri hwake akagadzirira zvikamu zvePrince Igor, Pimen, Ruslan uye Tomsky. Rudzi rwekugadzira rwemuimbi rwakawedzerwa nekuzivana kwake nengano dzeRussia. AI Baturin akaimba nemoyo wese nziyo dzechiRussian. Sezvakataurwa nevatsoropodzi vemakore iwayo: "Hei, ngatiburuke" uye "Along the Piterskaya" vanonyanya kubudirira ..." Munguva yeHondo Yenyika Yechipiri, apo Bolshoi Theatre yakabviswa muKuibyshev (Samara), kubudiswa kwe opera na. J. Rossini "William Taura". Alexander Iosifovich, uyo akaita basa rokuremekedza, akataura nezvebasa iri sezvinotevera: "Ndaida kugadzira mufananidzo wakajeka wemurwi akashinga anorwisana nevadzvinyiriri vevanhu vake, achidzivirira nyika yake. Ndakadzidza zvinyorwa kwenguva yakareba, ndakaedza kunzwa mweya wenguva yacho kuitira kuti nditore mufananidzo chaiwo wegamba rakanaka revanhu. Chokwadi, basa rokufungisisa rakabereka zvibereko.

Baturin akateerera zvakanyanya kushanda pane yakakura kamuri repertoire. Nechido, muimbi wacho akaita mabasa evanyori vemazuva ano. Akava mutambi wekutanga wemitambo mitanhatu yakatsaurirwa kwaari naDD Shostakovich. AI Baturin akatorawo chikamu mumakonzati e symphony. Pakati pekubudirira kwemuimbi, vakararama panguva imwe chete navo vaiti kuita kwake ega zvikamu muBeethoven's Ninth Symphony uye Shaporin's symphony-cantata "Pamunda Kulikovo". Alexander Iosifovich anewo nyeredzi mumafirimu matatu: "A Simple Case", "Concert Waltz" uye "Earth".

Mushure mehondo, AI Baturin akadzidzisa kirasi yekuimba ari oga paMoscow Conservatory (N. Gyaurov aiva pakati pevadzidzi vake). Akagadzirirawo basa resainzi uye methodological "Chikoro Chekuimba", umo akatsvaka kuronga ruzivo rwake rwakapfuma uye kupa tsanangudzo yakadzama yenzira dzekudzidzisa kuimba. Nekubatanidzwa kwake, firimu rinokosha rakagadzirwa, umo nyaya dzezwi rezwi uye kudzidzira dzinofukidzwa zvakanyanya. Kwenguva yakareba paBolshoi Theater, Baturin akashanda semudzidzisi wezano.

Discography yeAI Baturin:

1. The Queen of Spades, yekutanga kunyorwa kwe opera muna 1937, basa raTomsky, kwaya uye orchestra yeBolshoi Theater, conductor - SA Samosud, mumusangano naK. Derzhinskaya, N. Khanaev, N. Obukhova, P. Selivanov, F. Petrova nevamwe. (Parizvino rekodhi iyi yakaburitswa mhiri kwemakungwa paCD)

2. The Queen of Spades, yechipiri yakazara kurekodha ye opera, 1939, chikamu cheTomsky, kwaya uye orchestra yeBolshoi Theatre, kondakita - SA Samosud, mune ensemble naK. Derzhinskaya, N. Khanaev, M. Maksakova, P. Nortsov, B. Zlatogorova uye nezvimwe (Ichi chinyorwa chakaburitswawo mhiri kwemakungwa paCD)

3. "Iolanta", yekutanga yakazara kurekodha yeOpera ye1940, chikamu chechiremba Ebn-Khakiya, kwaya uye orchestra yeBolshoi Theatre, kondakita - SA Samosud, mune ensemble naG. Zhukovskaya, A. Bolshakov, P. Nortsov , B. Bugaisky, V. Levina nevamwe. (Kekupedzisira kuburitswa uku kurekodha paMelodiya marekodhi aive muna 1983)

4. "Prince Igor", yekutanga yakazara kurekodha ye1941, chikamu chePrince Igor, kwaya uye orchestra yeState Opera House, conductor - A. Sh. Melik-Pashaev, pamwe chete neS. Panovoy, N. Obukhovoi, I. Kozlovsky, M. Mikhailov, A. Pirogov nevamwe. (Parizvino rekodhi iyi yakaburitswa paCD muRussia nekune dzimwe nyika)

5. "Alexander Baturin anoimba" (rekodhi regiramufoni nekambani yeMelodiya). Arias kubva kumitambo "Prince Igor", "Iolanta", "Mambokadzi weSpades" (zvimedu zvemarekodhi akazara emitambo iyi), Kochubey's arioso ("Mazeppa"), Escamillo's couplets ("Carmen"), Mephistopheles' couplets (" Faust"), "Field battle" naGurilev, "Flea" naMussorgsky, nziyo mbiri dzechiRussia: "Ah, Nastasya", "Along the Piterskaya".