Albert Rossel |

Albert roussel

Nhoroondo yehupenyu hwaA. Roussel, mumwe wevanyori vakatanhamara vekuFrance vehafu yekutanga yezana ramakore rechi25, haina kujairika. Akapedza makore ake echidiki achifamba nechikepe muIndia nePacific Oceans, saN. Rimsky-Korsakov, akashanyira nyika dzekunze. Mukuru wemauto Roussel haana kumbofunga nezvemimhanzi sebasa. Chete pazera ra1894 ndipo paakasarudza kuzvipira zvachose kumimhanzi. Mushure menguva yekuzengurira uye kusava nechokwadi, Roussel anokumbira kusiya basa uye anogara mutaundi diki reRoubaix. Pano anotanga makirasi maererano nemukuru wechikoro chemimhanzi chemunharaunda. Kubva muna Gumiguru Roussel anogara muParis, kwaanotora zvidzidzo zvekunyora kubva kuna E. Gigot. Mushure memakore 4, akapinda muSchola cantorum mukirasi yekunyora V. d'Andy, apo kare muna 1902 akakokwa kuchinzvimbo chepurofesa we counterpoint. Ikoko akadzidzisa kusvikira pakatanga Hondo Yenyika Yokutanga. Kirasi yaRoussel inopindwa nevanyori vakazotora nzvimbo yakatanhamara mutsika yemimhanzi yeFrance, E. Satie, E. Varèse, P. Le Flem, A. Roland-Manuel.

Nziyo dzokutanga dzaRoussel, dzakaitwa pasi penhungamiro yake muna 1898. uye dzakagamuchira mubairo pamakwikwi eSosaiti Yevanyori, hadzina kurarama. Muna 1903, basa re symphonic "Kumuka", rakafuridzirwa nebhuku raL. Tolstoy, rakaitwa pakonzati yeNational Musical Society (A. Corto yakaitwa). Uye kunyangwe chiitiko ichi chisati chaitika, zita raRoussel rinozozivikanwa mumitambo yemimhanzi nekuda kwekamuri yake uye nziyo dzemanzwi (Trio yepiyano, violin uye cello, Nhetembo ina dzezwi uye piyano kumavhesi aA. Renier, "The Hours Pass" zvepiyano).

Kufarira kuMabvazuva kunoita kuti Roussel aite zvakare rwendo rukuru kuenda kuIndia, Cambodia neCeylon. Muimbi anoyemura zvakare temberi dzakanaka, anopinda mumumvuri wemitambo yemitambo, anoteerera kumutambo we orchestra. Matongo eguta rekare reIndia reChittor, kwaimbotonga Padmavati, anomufadza zvikuru. Kumabvazuva, ane unyanzvi hwemimhanzi Roussel akazivana naye muhuduku hwake, akavandudza zvikuru mutauro wake wemimhanzi. Mumabasa emakore ekutanga, munyori anoshandisa hunhu hwemarudzi eIndia, Cambodian, Indonesia mimhanzi. Mifananidzo yekuMabvazuva inonyanya kuratidzwa mune opera-ballet Padmavati, yakarongwa paGrand Opera (1923) uye kubudirira kukuru. Gare gare, muma30s. Roussel ndomumwe wekutanga kushandisa mune yake basa anonzi eexotic modes - yekare Greek, Chinese, Indian (Sonata yeViolin nePiano).

Roussel haana kunzvenga pesvedzero yeImpressionism. Mumutambo we-one-act ballet Mutambo weSpider (1912), akagadzira chibodzwa chakacherechedzwa nekunaka kwakanaka kwemifananidzo, inoyevedza, inovamba orchestration.

Kutora chikamu muHondo Yenyika Yekutanga yaive nguva yekuchinja muhupenyu hwaRoussel. Kudzoka kubva mberi, munyori anoshandura maitiro ake ekusika. Anobatana nemaitiro matsva eNeoclassicism. “Albert Roussel ari kutisiya,” akanyora kudaro mutsoropodzi E. Viyermoz, muteveri wezvinooneka, “achibva asina kutaura zvakanaka, chinyararire, akaisa pfungwa dzake, asingadzoreki ... Achaenda, oenda, oenda. Asi kupi? Kusimuka kubva kune impressionism kwatove kuoneka muChipiri Symphony (1919-22). MuTatu (1930) uye Fourth Symphonies (1934-35), munyori ari kuwedzera kuzvisimbisa panzira itsva, achigadzira mabasa umo nheyo inovaka iri kuwedzera kuuya mberi.

Pakupera kwema20s. Zvinyorwa zvaRoussel zvinova nemukurumbira kunze kwenyika. Muna 1930, anoshanyira USA uye aripo pakuitwa kweThird Symphony yake neBoston Symphony Orchestra achitungamirwa naS. Koussevitzky, uyo wakanyorwa nehurongwa.

Roussel aiva nechiremera chikuru somudzidzisi. Pakati pevadzidzi vake pane vanyori vakakurumbira vakawanda vomuzana remakore rechi1935: pamwe chete nevaya vataurwa pamusoro apa, ava ndiB. Martinou, K. Risager, P. Petridis. Kubva 1937 kusvika pakupera kwehupenyu hwake (XNUMX), Roussel aive sachigaro wePopular Musical Federation yeFrance.

Achitsanangura chinangwa chake, munyori wacho akati: “Kunamata zvinhu zvomudzimu ndihwo hwaro hwenzanga ipi neipi inoti yakabudirira, uye pakati pemamwe mabasa ounyanzvi, mimhanzi ndiyo nzira yokuratidza nayo zvinhu zvinokosha zvikuru uye inoshamisira zvikuru.”

V. Ilyeva

Zvinyorwa:

opareta - Padmavati (opera-ballet, op. 1918; 1923, Paris), Kuberekwa kweLyre (lyric, La Naissance de la lyre, 1925, Paris), Testamende yaTete Caroline (Le Testament de la tante Caroline, 1936, Olmouc , muchiCzech .lang.; 1937, Paris, muchiFrench); ballet – Mutambo weSpider (Le festin de l'araignee. 1-act pantomime ballet; 1913, Paris), Bacchus naAriadne (1931, Paris), Aeneas (nekwaya; 1935, Brussels); Zvitsinga (Evocations, for soloists, choir and orchestra, 1922); yeorchestra - 4 symphonies (Nhetembo yeSango - La Poeme de la foret, programmatic, 1906; 1921, 1930, 1934), nhetembo dze symphonic: Svondo (Kumuka, maererano naL. Tolstoy, 1903) uye Mutambo weChitsuwa (Durura u fete de printemps, 1920 ), suite F-dur (Suite en Fa, 1926), Petite suite (1929), Flemish Rhapsody (Rapsodie flamande, 1936), symphoniette yetambo orchestra. (1934); nziyo dzemauto orchestra; yezviridzwa neokestra -fp. concerto (1927), concertino yelc. (1936); chamber instrumental ensembles - duet yebassoon ine mbiri bass (kana nevlc., 1925), vatatu - p. (1902), tambo (1937), yenyere, viola uye woofer. (1929), tambo. quartet (1932), divertissement ye sextet (quintet yemweya uye piano, 1906), sonatas ye Skr. pamwe fp. (1908, 1924), zvidimbu zvepiyano, ogani, rudimbwa, gitare, nyere uye clarinet ine piyano; kwaya; songs; mimhanzi yemitambo yemitambo yemitambo, kusanganisira mutambo waR. Rolland "Chikunguru 14" (pamwe chete naA. Honegger nevamwe, 1936, Paris).

Literary works: Kuziva kusarudza, (P., 1936); Kufunga nezvemimhanzi nhasi, в кн.: Bernard R., A. Roussel, P., 1948.

References: Jourdan-Morhange H., Mes amis musiciens, P., 1955 (shanduro yechiRussian - Jourdan-Morhange E., Shamwari yangu muimbi, M., 1966); Schneerson G., Mumhanzi wechiFrench we1964th Century, Moscow, 1970, XNUMX.