Karenda yemimhanzi - Chivabvu

May akapa vatevedzeri vemimhanzi yekare mazita makuru evanyori nevatambi vane basa rakagara kwemazana emakore. Pakati pavo: P. Tchaikovsky, I. Brahms, A. Lyadov, V. Sofronitsky, R. Wagner. Mafambiro akati wandei anonakidza akaitika mwedzi uno, pakati pawo madhibuti eopera yaW. Mozart Le nozze di Figaro uye L. Beethoven's 9th symphony.

Vanyori vakasundira miganhu yenguva yavo

2 Chivabvu 1660 makore akaberekerwa muPalermo, Italy Alessandro Scarlatti. Pane makwapa machena akakwana mubiography yake. Asi chimwe chinhu chisingarambike - munyori uyu akazova muvambi wechikoro chikuru cheNeapolitan opera pakupera kwezana ramakore re120. Hukuru hwenhaka yake yekusika inoshamisa. Scarlatti chete akanyora anopfuura mazana matanhatu operas. Uye anopfuura mazana maviri cantatas, angangoita zviuru mazana maviri, madrigals, oratorios, motets. Pakati pevadzidzi pane mwanakomana womunyori Domenico Scarlatti, anosanozivikanwa kuvaridzi vepiyano vaduku nokuda kwesonatinas yake; Francesco Durante, munyori wemimhanzi yechechi, mudiki Georg Friedrich Handel.

7 Chivabvu 1833 makore akaberekwa Johannes Brahms, mutsivi waR. Schumann muGerman musical romanticism. Achishanda muzuva remazuva emhando itsva dzemitambo yemitambo uye yepurogiramu, munyori akaratidza nebasa rake kushanda kwemhando dzekare, dzakafumiswa nemafungiro emuimbi wemazuva ano. Nhamba yepamusoro yebasa raBrahms yaiva 4 symphonies, zvichiratidza zvakasiyana-siyana zvemaonero ake enyika.

Muzuva rimwe chetero, 7 Chivabvu 1840 makore Muimbi mukuru, mudzidzisi, kondakita, mudzidzisi munhoroondo yeunyanzvi hwemimhanzi yenyika akauya pasirese - Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky. Akaona basa rake muunyanzvi muhurukuro yechokwadi uye yechokwadi nevateereri pamusoro pezvinetso zvaivanetsa. Basa rinogara riripo rezuva nezuva pakusikwa kwemimhanzi rakanga riri revo yose yeupenyu hwake.

Nzira yemunyori yakanga isiri nyore, vabereki vake vaida kumuona segweta uye jaya rakamanikidzwa kuteerera kuda kwavo uye kuwana dzidzo yakakodzera. Asi mweya wake waishuvira mimhanzi, uye Tchaikovsky akasiya basa nekuda kwebasa remunyori. Iyo maestro inyanzvi mumunda we ballet. Akaisa mimhanzi ye ballet pamwe chete nehunyanzvi hweopera uye symphonic art, zvichiratidza kuti haigone kungoshandiswa mune zvakasikwa (kuperekedza kutamba). Ballets ake uye opera havasi kusiya nyika yemitambo dariro.

11 Chivabvu 1855 makore mumiriri wechizvarwa chechidiki chevanyori veRussia akaberekwa - Anatoly Lyadov. Pakati pebasa rake ingano yeRussia. Mabasa ake anoratidzwa nemazwi akajeka ekufungisisa, mufananidzo unoshamisa wezvakasikwa, uye kupindirana kwehupenyu hwemhando dzemhando. Chinhu chikuru kwaari chaive kusanganiswa kwekunaka kwekunaka uye kuwirirana kwemhando. Pakati pemabasa ake akanakisa ndeye orchestral miniature "Kikimora" uye "Baba Yaga", iyo epic ballad "About Antiquity", gadziriro dzenziyo dzevanhu. Lyadov akazviratidzawo somudzidzisi ane tarenda. Vadzidzi vake vaiva B. Asafiev, S. Prokofiev, N. Myaskovsky.

15 Chivabvu 1567 makore mumiriri akajeka weRenaissance akaberekwa, Claudio Monteverdi. Iye, seasina munhu panguva iyoyo, akakwanisa kuratidza dambudziko rehupenyu mu opera, kuratidza kudzika kwevatambi vevanhu. Monteverdi akaramba mitemo yakadzikwa nemhoteredzo uye akatenda kuti mimhanzi inofanirwa kutevedzera zvinorairwa nemoyo, uye kwete kupinzwa mumagungano. Kukurumbira kukuru kwemunyori kwakaunza kugadzirwa muna 1607 muMantua yeOpera "Orpheus".

22 Chivabvu 1813 makore muchinji mukurusa werudzi rweopera akauya panyika Richard wagner. Maopera ake ekutanga mutero kutsika. Iko kukurudzira kwekufunga patsva rudzi kwaive zviitiko zvekuchinja muEurope pakati pezana ramakore rechi XNUMX. Wagner akagadziridza maonero ake ehunyanzvi uye akaatsanangura mumabhuku akati wandei edzidziso. Vakawana mumhanzi embodiment mune tetralogy "Ring of the Nibelung".

Master virtuosos

1 Chivabvu 1873 makore mumiriri akajeka wechikoro chepiyano chekuRussia akaberekwa Konstantin Igumnov. Vateereri vakacherechedza maitiro ake anokosha kupiyano uye kuita, sekunge aiita nhaurirano nemuteereri. Igumnov ndomumwe wevatambi avo vasina kuita zvekunze, asi vakaita kuti piyano iimbe.

Somudzidzisi, Igumnov akanga akasimba nevadzidzi vake. Akavadzidzisa chokwadi chehunyanzvi, hunhu mukuita, hupfumi uye chiyero munzira dzakashandiswa. Zvese mukutamba kwake uye mukuita kwevadzidzi vake, akawana kupfava, mutsindo wekunzwika, kurerudza zvirevo zvepurasitiki.

8 Chivabvu 1901 makore Petersburg, mumwe piano akakurumbira akaberekwa - Vladimir Sofronitsky. Muiti uyu akasiyana, haakwanise kuenzaniswa nemumwe wevaanoshanda navo. Kuturikira kwake piano kwakaenzaniswa nemifananidzo yaVrubel, nhetembo dzaBlok, uye mabhuku aGreen. Vatsoropodzi vakacherechedza kuti kuita kwaSofronitsky "mumhanzi hypnosis", kureurura kwakanyanyisa kwemuimbi.

Vladimir Sofronitsky - Absolute Pitch

Muridzi wepiyano aida mahoro madiki ekamuri, "vateereri vake". Haana kushivirira kuita kwemaitiro akashata. Sofronitsky akadzidza zvirongwa zvake nokungwarira, kwenguva refu. Kunyangwe mukudzokorora nziyo, akakwanisa kuwana ruzha rwakasiyana.

Kutanga

May 1, 1786 paVienna "Burgtheater" yaiva yekutanga yevanodiwa nemamiriyoni evateveri ve opera, yeW. Mozart, "The Marriage of Figaro". Iri basa rakaisa mhando yerekodhi: ibasa rekare iro rinogara riri mune repertoire yevose vanotungamira opera dzimba munyika.

Musi waChivabvu 7, 1824, muVienna, paCarinthian Gate Theatre, mutambo wekutanga weL. Beethoven's 9th symphony wakaitika. Kunyangwe hazvo pakanga paine zvidzokororo zvishoma, uye zvibodzwa zvakadzidzwa zvisina kunaka, kuita kwacho kwakaita kuti pave nemhere. Uye kunyange zvazvo Beethoven pachake akanga asingakwanisi kuitisa nekuda kwekutadza kunzwa kwakakwana, akamira mukona yechitambo uye akaratidza mutungamiriri webhendi I. Umlauf tempo yekufamba kwega kwega. Kuti munyori aone kuti vateereri vakafara sei, vateereri vakakanda machira neheti kumusoro, vakawanda vakachema. Kupindira kwemapurisa chete ndiko kwaigona kudzikamisa veruzhinji. Kubva mukuwanda kwemanzwiro, Beethoven akarasa njere.

L. Beethoven - Symphony No. 9 - achiri kubva mufirimu "Rewriting Beethoven"

Munyori - Victoria Denisova