Karenda yemimhanzi - Kubvumbi

April akatifadza nekuzvarwa kwevanyori vakajeka vakadai saSergei Rachmaninov, Edison Denisov, Alexander Alexandrov, Sergei Prokofiev, pamwe chete nevaimbi vane mukurumbira vakaita saMontserrat Caballe.

Mapoka avo achiripo nanhasi

Kubvumbi 1 1873 makore akaberekerwa mudunhu reNovgorod Sergey Rachmaninov, uyo akazova muimbi akangwara uye munyori wenziyo. Zvinoita sekuti zvisikwa pachazvo zvakamubatsira kuti ave mutambi anoshamisa: zvigunwe zvemuimbi zvaive zvakareba zvekuti zvakadzikama zvakavhara chinhambwe che12 makiyi machena. Pasinei nokuti Rachmaninov akapedza makore akawanda muEurope uye USA, aigara achizviona seRussia. Mabasa ake ese akazadzwa nemifananidzo yeaanoda Motherland, hunyanzvi hwakasimba, nzvimbo dzakakura dzeminda, uye mhirizhonga yemavara. Yake yechipiri Piano Concerto yakava chiratidzo chenguva nyowani, ine simba rayo rinoputika uye shanduko ine mhirizhonga.

Kubvumbi 6 1929 makore - bhavhdhe Edison Denisov - munyori aitenda kuti mimhanzi uye masvomhu zvakanyatsopindirana. Akagamuchira maviri polar yakatarisana dzidzo yepamusorosoro: akapedza kudzidza kubva Faculty of Physics uye Masvomhu of Tomsk University uye Moscow Conservatory. Muimbi akaramba zvachose zvese zvinojairika, zvemafashoni kana zvakaedzwa nguva mumimhanzi. Aitenda kuti mune unyanzvi zvakakosha kugadzira runako rutsva, nokuti classics haigoni kudzokororwa.

Denisov anogara achiedza, uye somugumisiro anogadzira zvinhu zvakadai seSymphony yeimba huru, ballet "Confession", "Requiem".

Kubvumbi 13 1883 makore akauya munyika Alexander Alexandrov, murume akazogadzira rwiyo uye kutamba ensemble yeRed Army, iyo yakawana mukurumbira pasi rose. Zvisikwa zvakapa munyori nezwi rakanaka. Hazvishamisi kuti ndiye munyori weanopfuura 70 gadziriro dzenziyo dzevanhu uye mugadziri we81 nziyo dzevanyori. Rimwe remabasa anozivikanwa zvikuru emunyori rwiyo "Hondo Tsvene", uye, kuwedzera, rwiyo rwemazuva ano rweRussia runoitwa kumumhanzi wake.

Alexandrov, neRed Banner Ensemble yake, akaita basa guru rekushandira mauto eUSSR, munguva yerunyararo uye munguva yehondo. Haana kukanganwa nezve aesthetic dzidzo, akakurudzira kusikwa ensembles mumapoka ebasa, makirabhu, uye akapa rubatsiro runoshanda.

Kubvumbi 20 1881 makore akaberekwa Nikolai Myaskovsky - mumiririri wekare wechikoro chevanyori veRussia chezana remakore rechi1930. Mutsoropodzi Boris Asafiev akanyora kuti mubasa remunyori uyu, rakajeka kupfuura vamwe, "kune tambo kubva kuRussia yepakutanga, kuburikidza nezvinopenya, kusvika pakuona ramangwana." Mhando huru mubasa raMyaskovsky ndiyo symphony. Rudzi urwu rwunodaidzwa kuti "Spiritual Chronic". Iine fungidziro pane ese arizvino uye akaoma makore ekuparara kwemashure kwehondo, kufukidzwa kwezviitiko zveanoshungurudza XNUMXs, kuomerwa kweGreat Patriotic War. Masymphonies ake inguva dzose, inorwadza kutsvaga kwekwakanaka.

Kubvumbi 23 1857 makore akaberekwa Ruggiero Leoncavallo - munyori weiyo yakakurumbira opera "Pagliacci". Muzukuru wemuimbi ane mukurumbira weNeapolitan, akabatanidzawo hupenyu hwake nehunyanzvi. Muhuduku hwake, aizivikanwa zviri nani semuimbi ane tarenda uye muperekedzi, uye pazera rekukura ndipo paakaratidza nyika tarenda rake semunyori. Zvisinei nekubudirira kwekugadzirwa kweRural Honor, yaive yekutanga opera Pagliacci yakaunza munyori mukundi. Basa rinokosha rakaitwawo nenyaya yekuti Enrique Caruso akaita basa guru mairi, uye Arturo Toscanini akatungamirira orchestra. Zvinosuruvarisa, Leoncavallo aisakwanisa kudarika kubudirira kwe "Pagliacci" uye akaramba ari pakati pevanyori - vanyori veimwe nyanzvi.

Pazuva rimwe chete, asi zorora hafu yezana remakore gare gare, Kubvumbi 23 1891 makore, mumusha weSontsovka, mukomana akaberekwa, uyo, nechiitiko chinoshamisa, akanzi "mwana wezuva" nokuda kwehupenyu hwake hunofadza hunofadza - Sergey Prokofiev. Akatanga kudzidza mimhanzi uye kunyora kare. Opuss ake ose akanyorwa nekushingaira naamai vake, saka pazera remakore gumi munyori wechidiki akanga atova nehupfumi hwekusika nhaka, kusanganisira 10 operas.

Pazera remakore 13, Prokofiev akanyoreswa kuSt. Mabasa ake aigona kufarirwa kana kusadiwa, airumbidzwa kana kushorwa, asi haana kusiya chero upi zvake wevateereri asina hanya.

SS Prokofiev - Kurume kubva pane opera "Rudo rwemaOrange matatu"

Chokwadi chinonakidza nezve opera "Rudo rweMatatu Oranges" inozivikanwa. Akafuridzira mumwe wevadyari vakuru zvekuti akapa Prokofiev kubatana kunobatsira chete kuti awane mukana wekuisa sirogani pachiziviso chake kuti maranjisi ake anokurudzira maestro makuru kunyora masterpieces. Hupfumi hwemhando dzepasirese dzinosanganisira ngano yevana symphonic "Peter neWolf", iyo ballet "Romeo naJuliet", Yekutanga "Classical" uye yechinomwe Symphony.

Izwi rake rinotamba patambo dzevateereri

Kubvumbi 12 1933 makore mumhuri ine urombo zvikuru yeSpanish yakaberekerwa Montserrat Caballe. Akatiza kubva muurombo nekuda kwetarenda rake uye kutsungirira kunoshamisa, muimbi akave muimbi mukuru wezana ramakore rechi XNUMX raibuda.

Zvichida nyika ingadai isina kuziva zita iri, asi ramangwana rakapa ramangwana prima donna nechipo. Nekuda kwekurwara kwakakomba kwababa vake, musikana aifanira kuwana basa rekusona pafekitari yemahengechefu. Ikoko kuimba kwake kwakanzwika netsaona nevatengi, vakaroora Beltran Mata. Ndivo vakaziva wechidiki ane tarenda kuLiceo Conservatory muBarcelona, ​​​​kwaakabudirira tarenda rake.

V. Bellini "Casta Diva" kubva ku opera "Norma" - Spanish. M. Caballero

Akaita zvinenge zvese zvinosuruvarisa opera zvikamu, kusanganisira Violetta, Tosca, Salome, Madame Butterfly. Asi pasinei zvapo nokuti magamba akafa sei, nebanga kana kuti muchetura, wakaitwa naCaballe, aas awo anofa akanzwika sechipikirwa chohumwe, upenyu hwokudenga, kubatana naMwari.

Zviitiko zvinofadza

Musi waApril 9, 1860, chiitiko chinonyanya kufadza chevanoda mimhanzi chakaitika: muvambi kubva kuFrance, Edward Leon Scott de Martinville, nguva refu kusati kwawanikwa giramufomu naThomas Edison, akaita rekodha yekutanga yekurira papepa rakabatwa mune yakakosha. nzira. Musayendisiti pachake haana kuisa kukosha kune ichi chokwadi, kuedza kwake kwaiva nechinangwa chakasiyana zvachose. Uye muna 2008 chete, masayendisiti kubva kuLawrence National Laboratory (USA), vachishandisa tekinoroji yemazuva ano, vakaburitsa manzwi akanyorwa pamapepa akachengetwa mudura.

SV Rachmaninov - "Rumbidza Jehovha, O mweya wangu ..."

Munyori - Victoria Denisova