Gaspare Spontini (Gaspare Spontini) |

Gaspare Spontini

Spontini. "Vestal". "O nume tutelar" (Maria Callas)

Gaspare Spontini akaberekerwa muMaiolati, Ancona. Akadzidza paPieta dei Turchini Conservatory muNaples. Pakati pevadzidzisi vake paiva naN. Piccinni. Muna 1796, mutambo wekutanga wemuimbi wekutanga, The Caprices of a Woman, wakaitika muRoma. Zvadaro, Spontini akagadzira anenge makumi maviri operas. Akararama huzhinji hwehupenyu hwake muFrance (20-1803 uye mushure me1820) uye Germany (1842-1820).

Munguva yeFrench (main) nguva yehupenyu hwake nebasa, akanyora mabasa ake makuru: operas Vestalka (1807), Fernand Cortes (1809) uye Olympia (1819). Nzira yemunyori inosiyaniswa ne pomposity, pathos uye chiyero, izvo zvinonyatsoenderana nemweya weNapoleonic France, kwaakanakidzwa nekubudirira kukuru (aive kunyange muimbi weEmpress's court kwenguva yakati). Basa raSpontini rinoratidzwa nemaitiro ekuchinja kubva kutsika dzaGluck dzezana ramakore rechi 18 kuenda ku "hombe" yeFrench opera yezana ramakore rechi 19 (mumunhu wevamiriri vayo vakanyanya Aubert, Meyerbeer). Hunyanzvi hwaSpontini hwakakosheswa naWagner, Berlioz nevamwe vakuru vemifananidzo vezana ramakore rechi 19.

MuVestal, basa rake rakanakisa, munyori akakwanisa kuburitsa pachena kwete chete muzviitiko zvemhomho yakazara nekufora kwakasimba uye ugamba, asiwo mumitambo yerwiyo rwepamwoyo. Akanyanya kubudirira mubasa guru raJulia (kana Julia). Kubwinya kwe "Vestal" kwakakurumidza kuyambuka miganhu yeFrance. Muna 1811 yakaitwa muBerlin. Mugore rimwe chete, mutambo wekutanga wakaitwa muNaples muItaly nekubudirira kukuru (aina Isabella Colbran). Muna 1814, kutanga kweRussia kwakaitika muSt. Petersburg (mune basa guru, Elizaveta Sandunova). Muzana remakore rechi20, Rosa Poncelle (1925, Metropolitan), Maria Callas (1957, La Scala), Leila Gencher (1969, Palermo) nevamwe vakapenya mubasa raJulia. Yulia's arias kubva pachiito chechipiri ndechehunyanzvi hweopera classics "Tu che invoco" uye "O Nume tutelar" (shanduro yechiItalian).

Muna 1820-1842 Spontini aigara muBerlin, kwaaive munyori wedare uye mukuru conductor weRoyal Opera. Munguva iyi, basa remunyori wakaderera. Haana kuzokwanisa kugadzira chero chinhu chakaenzana nemabasa ake akanakisa enguva yeFrance.

E. Tsodokov

Gaspape Luigi Pacifico Spontini (XI 14, 1774, Maiolati-Spontini, Prov. Ancona - 24 I 1851, ibid) - muimbi weItaly. Nhengo yePrussian (1833) uye Parisian (1839) academy of arts. Yakabva kuvarombo. Akawana dzidzo yake yekutanga yemimhanzi muJesi, akadzidza nevaimbi J. Menghini naV. Chuffalotti. Akadzidza paPieta dei Turchini Conservatory muNaples naN. Sala naJ. Tritto; gare gare, kwenguva yakati, akatora zvidzidzo kubva kuna N. Piccinni.

Akaita dambarefu rake muna 1796 aine komiki opera The Caprices of a Woman (Li puntigli delle donne, Pallacorda Theatre, Rome). Yakagadzira akawanda operas (buffa uye seria) yeRome, Naples, Florence, Venice. Kutungamira chapel yedare reNeapolitan, muna 1798-99 aive muPalermo. Nezvekuratidzwa kwemaopera ake, akashanyirawo mamwe maguta muItaly.

Muna 1803-20 aigara muParis. Kubva muna 1805 akanga ari "muimbi weimba yeEmpress", kubva muna 1810 mutungamiriri we "Theatre of the Empress", gare gare - munyori wedare waLouis XVIII (akapiwa Order of the Legion of Honor). MuParis, akagadzira uye akaronga mitambo yakawanda, kusanganisira The Vestal Virgin (1805; Best Opera yeDecade Award, 1810), mavakawana kuratidzwa kwemaitiro eEmpire panhandare yeopera. Zvinoshamisa, zvinonzwisa tsitsi-hugamba, zvizere nekufora kwakasimba, maopera aSpontini aienderana nemweya wehumambo hweFrance. Kubva 1820 aive muimbi wedare uye mukuru wemimhanzi director muBerlin, kwaakaita akati wandei emitambo mitsva.

Muna 1842, nekuda kwekukakavadzana neruzhinji rwe opera (Spontini haana kunzwisisa maitiro matsva enyika muGermany opera, inomiririrwa nebasa raKM Weber), Spontini akaenda kuParis. Pakupera kwehupenyu hwake akadzokera kunyika yake. Zvinyorwa zveSpontini, zvakagadzirwa mushure mekugara kwake muParis, zvakapupurira kumwe kupera simba kwekufunga kwake kwekusika: akazvidzokorora, haana kuwana pfungwa dzepakutanga. Chokutanga pane zvose, opera "Bestalka", iyo yakagadzirira nzira yeFrench opera yezana remakore rechi19, ine nhoroondo inokosha. Spontini aiva nepesvedzero inooneka pabasa raJ. Meyerbeer.

Zvinyorwa:

opareta (zviyero makumi maviri zvakachengetedzwa), kusanganisira. Kuzivikanwa na Theseus (20, Florence), Julia, kana Flower Pot (1898, Opera Comic, Paris), Vestal (1805, post. 1805, Imperial Academy of Music, Berlin), Fernand Cortes, kana Conquest yeMexico ( 1807 , ibid; 1809nd ed. 2), Olympia (1817, Court Opera House, Berlin; 1819nd ed. 2, ibid.), Alcidor (1821, ibid.), Agnes von Hohenstaufen (1825, ibid. ); cantatas, misa uye zvakawanda

TH Solovieva