Evgeny Fyodorovich Stankovych |

Yevhen Stankovych

Mune galaxy yevaUkraine vanyori ve70s. E. Stankovich mumwe wevatungamiri. Kuvamba kwaro kuri, chekutanga, mumazano makuru, mazano, kufukidza matambudziko ehupenyu, mimhanzi yavo, uye pakupedzisira munzvimbo yevagari vemo, mukutsigirwa kwakafanana kwezvinangwa, mukurwira (kwete kwekufananidzira - kwechokwadi! ) nevakuru vakuru vemimhanzi.

Stankevich inonzi "new folklore wave". Zvichida ichi hachisi chokwadi chose, nekuti haatore ngano senzira yekumisikidza ichi kana icho chifananidzo. Kwaari chimiro chokuvapo, unhu hunokosha. Nokudaro kushandiswa kwerupo kwemadingindira echivanhu nemifananidzo, yakadzokororwa kuburikidza neprism yechiono chemazuva ano chenyika mukuoma kwayo kwese, kuita zvakasiyana-siyana, uye kusaenderana.

Stankovich akaberekerwa mutaundi duku reTranscarpathian reSvalyava. Chikoro chemimhanzi, chikoro chemimhanzi, basa muSoviet Army. Mushure mekuita demobilization, anova mudzidzi paKiiv Conservatory (1965). Kwemakore matatu ekudzidza mukirasi yaB. Lyatoshinsky, Stankovich akakwanisa kuisa nheyo yake yetsika: kuva akatendeseka zvose muunyanzvi uye muzviito. Mushure mekufa kwemudzidzisi, Stankovich akatamira kukirasi yeM. Skorik, uyo akapa chikoro chakanakisisa cheunyanzvi.

Zvose zviri mumhanzi zviri pasi Stankovich. Ndiye muridzi wemarudzi ese emazuva ano ekugadzira unyanzvi. Dodecaphony, aleatoric, sonorous effects, collage inoshandiswa organically nemunyori, asi hapana kwavanova chinangwa chekuzvimirira.

Kubva pamakore ake emudzidzi, Stankovich anga achinyora zvakawanda uye munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana, asi mabasa akanyanya kukosha akagadzirwa mu symphonic uye mumhanzi-mitambo yemitambo: Sinfonietta, 5 symphonies, ballets Olga naPrometheus, iyo folk opera. Fern Blooms - aya nemamwe mabasa anoratidzwa nepakutanga, maitiro akasiyana.

Yekutanga symphony ("Sinfonia larga") ye15 tambo zviridzwa (1973) inyaya isingawanzo yeimwe-yekufamba kutenderera mune inononoka tempo. Aya ndiwo mafungidziro akadzika ehuzivi uye lyrical, apo chipo chaStankovich se polyphonist chakaratidzwa zvakajeka.

Mune galaxy yevaUkraine vanyori ve70s. E. Stankovich mumwe wevatungamiri. Kuvamba kwaro kuri, chekutanga, mumazano makuru, mazano, kufukidza matambudziko ehupenyu, mimhanzi yavo, uye pakupedzisira munzvimbo yevagari vemo, mukutsigirwa kwakafanana kwezvinangwa, mukurwira (kwete kwekufananidzira - kwechokwadi! ) nevakuru vakuru vemimhanzi.

Stankevich inonzi "new folklore wave". Zvichida ichi hachisi chokwadi chose, nekuti haatore ngano senzira yekumisikidza ichi kana icho chifananidzo. Kwaari chimiro chokuvapo, unhu hunokosha. Nokudaro kushandiswa kwerupo kwemadingindira echivanhu nemifananidzo, yakadzokororwa kuburikidza neprism yechiono chemazuva ano chenyika mukuoma kwayo kwese, kuita zvakasiyana-siyana, uye kusaenderana.

Stankovich akaberekerwa mutaundi duku reTranscarpathian reSvalyava. Chikoro chemimhanzi, chikoro chemimhanzi, basa muSoviet Army. Mushure mekuita demobilization, anova mudzidzi paKiiv Conservatory (1965). Kwemakore matatu ekudzidza mukirasi yaB. Lyatoshinsky, Stankovich akakwanisa kuisa nheyo yake yetsika: kuva akatendeseka zvose muunyanzvi uye muzviito. Mushure mekufa kwemudzidzisi, Stankovich akatamira kukirasi yeM. Skorik, uyo akapa chikoro chakanakisisa cheunyanzvi.

Zvose zviri mumhanzi zviri pasi Stankovich. Ndiye muridzi wemarudzi ese emazuva ano ekugadzira unyanzvi. Dodecaphony, aleatoric, sonorous effects, collage inoshandiswa organically nemunyori, asi hapana kwavanova chinangwa chekuzvimirira.

Kubva pamakore ake emudzidzi, Stankovich anga achinyora zvakawanda uye munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana, asi mabasa akanyanya kukosha akagadzirwa mu symphonic uye mumhanzi-mitambo yemitambo: Sinfonietta, 5 symphonies, ballets Olga naPrometheus, iyo folk opera. Fern Blooms - aya nemamwe mabasa anoratidzwa nepakutanga, maitiro akasiyana.

Yekutanga symphony ("Sinfonia larga") ye15 tambo zviridzwa (1973) inyaya isingawanzo yeimwe-yekufamba kutenderera mune inononoka tempo. Aya ndiwo mafungidziro akadzika ehuzivi uye lyrical, apo chipo chaStankovich se polyphonist chakaratidzwa zvakajeka.

Yakasiyana zvachose, mifananidzo inopesana inopinda muChipiri ("Heroic") Symphony (1975), yakafukidzwa, mumashoko emunyori, ne "chiratidzo chemoto" cheGreat Patriotic War.

Muna 1976, Third Symphony ("Ini Ndakasimbiswa") inooneka - epic-philosophical hombe-nhanhatu-chikamu symphonic canvas, umo kwaya inounzwa. Hupfumi hukuru hwemifananidzo, zvigadziriso zvekuumbwa, hupfumi hwemimhanzi dramaturgy inosiyanisa basa iri, zvichiguma nekushanduka kwebasa raStankovich. Musiyano weChechitatu ndiyo Yechina Symphony, yakagadzirwa gore rakatevera ("Sinfonia lirisa"), chirevo chinoremekedzwa chemuimbi. Chekupedzisira, chekupedzisira, Cheshanu (“Pastoral Symphony”) idetembo rereurura, fungidziro yezvakasikwa nenzvimbo yemunhu mairi (1980). Saka mapfupi motifs-chants uye yakananga folklore zviratidzo, zvisingawanzo kuStankovich.

Pamwe chete nemafungiro makuru, Stankevich anowanzo kutendeukira kumashoko ekamuri. Maminiature, akagadzirirwa boka diki revatambi, anogonesa munyori kuti abudise kushanduka kwemaitiro ipapo, gadzira zvidiki-diki zvezvimiro, kuvhenekera mifananidzo kubva kumakona akasiyana uye, nekuda kwehunyanzvi hwechokwadi, kugadzira nziyo dzakakwana, pamwe nezvepedyo zvakanyanya. (Chiyero chekukwana chinopupurirwawo nenyaya yekuti muna 1985 UNESCO Music Commission yakatumidza Stankovic's Third Chamber Symphony (1982) pakati pezvinyorwa gumi zvakanakisa pasi rose.)

Stankovich inokwezvawo nemimhanzi yemitambo, pamusoro pezvose nemukana wekubata nhoroondo. Iyo folk-opera Apo Fern Blooms (1979) haina kujairika mukubata kwayo. Iyi nhevedzano yemhando-yemumba uye yetsika zviitiko zvakagadzirirwa kuita konzati neiyo ine mukurumbira pasi rose State Ukrainian Folk Choir. G. Tambo. Mumusanganiswa wepamhepo wemasamples echokwadi engano uye mimhanzi yemunyori: rudzi rwemumhanzi dramaturgy inozvarwa - isina kuburikidza nekuronga, padhuze ne suite.

Mamwe masisitimu ehurongwa hwezvinhu akawanikwa muma ballet Olga (1982) uye Prometheus (1985). Zviitiko zvikuru zvenhoroondo, mifananidzo yakasiyana-siyana uye nyaya dzenyaya dzinodyisa pasi kuitira kuitiswa kwemitambo mikuru yemimhanzi. Mumhanzi weBallet "Olga" nyaya dzakasiyana-siyana dzinopa mazano akasiyana-siyana: pano pane magamba-anoshamisa zviitiko, zvinyoro zverudo, uye tsika dzevanhu. Iyi ndiyo, zvichida, iyo inonyanya kuumbwa nedemocracy naStankovich, nokuti, seimwe nzvimbo ipi zvayo, kutanga kwenziyo kunoshandiswa zvakanyanya pano.

Zvimwe muPrometheus. Kusiyana nemuchinjiko we "Olga", pane 2 ndege pano: chaiyo uye yekufananidzira. Muimbi akaita basa rakaoma zvikuru: kuumba dingindira reGreat October Socialist Revolution nenzira dzenziyo.

Akabatsirwa kuti adzivise kurambidza, kutwasanuka, uye clichés kwete chete nekududzira kwerudo kwemifananidzo yekufananidzira (Prometheus, mwanasikana wake Iskra), asi, chekutanga, nekukura kunoshamisa kwemadingindira, mutauro wemazuva ano usina mvumo yemitemo ye rudzi. Mhinduro yemimhanzi yakave yakadzika zvakanyanya kupfuura mutsara wekunze. Kunyanya pedyo nemunyori mufananidzo waPrometheus, uyo akaunza zvakanaka kuvanhu uye akatongerwa kutambura nokusingaperi nokuda kwechiito ichi. Kuronga kwe ballet kunobatsirawo pakuti kwakaita kuti zvikwanise kusunda nyika mbiri dzepolar pamwechete. Nekuda kweizvi, kuumbwa kwakapokana kwakamuka, nekukwira kwakasimba kwekushamisa uye kuimba, kutsvinya uye njodzi chaiyo.

"Kurodza" munhu mumunhu, kuita nyika yake yemanzwiro, pfungwa dzake dzinopindura nyore kune" zviratidzo zvekudanwa" zvevamwe vanhu. Zvadaro nzira yekutora chikamu, tsitsi haingokubvumiri kuti uone chinangwa chebasa, asi inonyatso kunanga muteereri pamatambudziko emazuva ano. Ichi chirevo chaStankovych chinonyatso ratidza chinzvimbo chake chehurumende uye chinoratidza chirevo chekushanda kwake kwevanhu (secretary of the Union of Composers of USSR uye munyori wekutanga weUnion of Composers yeUkraine SSR, mutevedzeri weSupreme Soviet yeUkraine SSR. , mutevedzeri wevanhu weUSSR), chinangwa chayo ndechekuita zvakanaka.

S. Filstein