Carl Millöcker |

Carl Millöcker

Millöcker mumiriri ane mukurumbira weAustria operetta chikoro. Mudzidzisi mukuru wetiyeta, achinyatsotaura nezvemhando yemhando, iye, kunyangwe kushomeka kwetarenda rakakosha, akagadzira imwe yepamusoro yeAustria operetta - "The Beggar Student", maakashandisa zvine hungwaru kutamba kweViennese uye rwiyo. melodic turns. Pasinei nenyaya yekuti haana kugadzira chero mabasa akakosha pamberi uye mushure meMudzidzi weBeggar, nekuda kweiyi operetta, Millöker akakodzera kupinda mumapoka emhando dzemhando.

Offenbach's satirical maficha anonyanya kuve ekunze kune muimbi. Iye anongori muimbi wenziyo, uye mabasa ake anonyanya kuvaraidza makomedhi ane akajairwa eViennese mumhanzi, ane mamiriro emazuva ese uye maitiro. Mumhanzi wake, mutinhimira wewaltz, kufora, nziyo dzerudzi rweAustria dzinorira.

Carl Millöcker Akazvarwa musi waApril 29, 1842 muVienna, mumhuri yemupfuri wegoridhe. Akagamuchira dzidzo yake yemimhanzi panzvimbo yekuchengetedza yeVienna Society of Friends of Music. Muna 1858, akatanga basa rake rekuimba semuridzi wenyere mune imwe theatre orchestra. Panguva imwecheteyo, jaya rinotanga kuumba mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana, kubva kumazwi madiki kusvika kune makuru e symphonic mabasa. Kutenda nerutsigiro rwaSuppe, uyo akakwevera ngwariro kune anokwanisa orchestra mutambi, pazera ramakore makumi maviri namaviri, akagamuchira nzvimbo semutambi webhandi remitambo muGraz. Ikoko akatanga kutendeukira kuoperetta, achigadzira maviri-chiito mitambo - "The Dead Guest" uye "Two Knitters".

Kubva 1866, akave mutungamiriri weAn der Wien Theatre, uye muna 1868 akaita debut yake muguta guru neyechitatu-chiito operetta The Chaste Diana, yakanyorwa pasi pesimba rakajeka reOffenbach. Mushure meizvozvo, yake yekutanga-husiku huzere operetta, The Island of Women, inoitwa paDeutsches Theatre muBudapest, umo simba reSuppe rinonzwika. Zviitwa hazvina kubudirira, uye Millöcker, anga ari mutungamiriri weAn der Wien Theatre kubva 1869, anochinja kwenguva yakareba kugadzira mimhanzi inoperekedza yemitambo inoshamisa.

Mukupera 70s, iye zvakare kutendeukira operetta. Imwe mushure meimwe, Iyo Enchanted Castle (1878), The Countess Dubarry (1879), Apayun (1880), Musikana weBelleville (1881) anooneka, izvo zvinoita kuti azivikanwe. Basa rinotevera - "The Beggar Student" (1882) - rinoisa Milloker muzvikamu zvevasiki vakakurumbira ve operetta. Iri basa rinoteverwa neThe Regimental Priest, Gasparon (vese 1881), Vice Admiral (1886), The Seven Swabians (1887), Murombo Jonathan (1890), The Trial Kiss (1894) , "Northern Mwenje" (1896). Zvisinei, havagoni kukwira kusvika pamwero we "Mudzidzi Murombo", pasinei nokuti mune chimwe nechimwe chazvo pane zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinopenya uye zvinonakidza zvemimhanzi. Pakati peizvi, mushure mekufa kwemunyori, iyo yakatevera musi waDecember 31, 1899 muVienna, imwe operetta yakabudirira "Young Heidelberg" yakaiswa pamwe chete.

Pamusoro peakawanda operettas uye ekutanga evocal uye orchestral opus, Millöker yekugadzira nhaka inosanganisira ma ballet, piyano zvidimbu uye yakawanda mimhanzi yevaudeville nemakomedhi.

L. Mikheeva, A. Orelovich