Avet Rubenovich Terterian (Avet Terterian) |

Terterian Avet

… Avet Terteryan muimbi uyo symphonism inzira yakasarudzika yekutaura. K. Meyer

Zvechokwadi, kune mazuva uye nguva iyo mupfungwa uye mupfungwa inodarika makore akawanda uye akawanda, inova imwe nzira yekuchinja muupenyu hwomunhu, kusarudza magumo ake, basa. Kune mukomana ane makore gumi nemaviri, gare gare munyori weSoviet ane mukurumbira Avet Terteryan, mazuva ekugara kwaSergei Prokofiev neshamwari dzake muimba yevabereki vaAvet, muBaku, pakupera kwa1941, akava mapfupi, asi akanyanya. . Prokofiev maitiro ekuzvibata, kutaura, kutaura maonero ake pachena, zvakajeka uye kutanga zuva nezuva nebasa. Uye ipapo akanga achigadzira opera "Hondo uye Runyararo", uye mangwanani manzwi anoshamisa, anopenya emimhanzi akamhanya kubva muimba yekutandarira, pakamira piyano.

Vashanyi vakasiya, asi makore mashomanana gare gare, apo mubvunzo wakamuka wekusarudza basa - kana kutevera mumakwara ababa vake kuchikoro chezvokurapa kana kusarudza chimwe chinhu - jaya racho rakasarudza zvakasimba - kuchikoro chemimhanzi. Avet akagamuchira dzidzo yake yekutanga mumhanzi kubva kumhuri yainyanya mimhanzi - baba vake, nyanzvi yezvechirairo muBaku, nguva nenguva vaikokwa kuti vaimbe mabasa emumhanzi naP. Tchaikovsky naG. Verdi, amai vake aiva nesoprano yakanaka kwazvo, munun'una wake Herman akazova kondakita.

Munyori weArmenian A. Satyan, munyori wenziyo dzakakurumbira muArmenia, pamwe chete nemudzidzisi anozivikanwa G. Litinsky, ari muBaku, akarayira zvakasimba Terteryan kuti aende kuYerevan uye akanyatsodzidza kuumbwa. Uye nokukurumidza Avet akapinda muYerevan Conservatory, mukirasi yekunyora E. Mirzoyan. Munguva yezvidzidzo zvake, akanyora Sonata yeCello naPiano, iyo yakapiwa mubairo pamakwikwi erepublic uye paAll-Union Ongororo yeVaduku Vanyori, rudo pamashoko evadetembi vokuRussia neArmenia, Quartet muC guru, the vocal-symphonic cycle "Motherland" - basa rinomuunza kubudirira kwechokwadi, rakapiwa Mubairo weAll-Union paYoung Composers Competition muna 1962, uye gore rakatevera, pasi pekutungamirirwa kwaA. Zhuraitis, inonzwika muHoro ye Columns.

Kutevera kubudirira kwekutanga kwakauya miedzo yekutanga yakabatana nezwi-symphonic cycle inonzi "Revolution". Kuitwa kwekutanga kwebasa kwaivewo kwekupedzisira. Zvisinei, basa racho rakanga risiri pasina. Mavhesi anoshamisa emudetembi weArmenian, muimbi wechimurenga, Yeghishe Charents, akatora fungidziro yemunyori nesimba ravo rine simba, ruzha rwenhoroondo, kusimba kweruzhinji. Yakanga iri panguva iyo, munguva yekukundikana kwekusika, iyo kuunganidza kwakanyanya kwemasimba kwakaitika uye musoro mukuru wekugadzira wakaumbwa. Zvadaro, pazera remakore makumi matatu nemashanu, munyori aiziva chokwadi - kana iwe usina, haufaniri kunyange kubatanidzwa mukuumbwa, uye mune ramangwana acharatidza mukana wemaonero aya: yake, dingindira guru ... Yakamuka mukubatanidzwa kweiyo pfungwa - Motherland neRevolution, kuziva dialectical kwehuwandu uhu, zvinoshamisa chimiro chekudyidzana kwavo. Pfungwa yekunyora opera yakazadzwa nevavariro dzakakwirira dzetsika dzenhetembo dzaCharents yakatumira munyori wacho kuti atsvake zano rokumukira. Mutori wenhau V. Shakhnazaryan, akakwezvwa kushanda semurevereri, akakurumidza kutaura - nyaya yaB. Lavrenev "Forty-First". Chiito cheOpera chakaendeswa kuArmenia, uko mumakore mamwe chete hondo dzechimurenga dzaiitika mumakomo eZangezur. Magamba aive musikana murombo uye lieutenant kubva kune aimbova mauto echimurenga. Mavhesi anofadza aCharents akanzwika muopera nomuverengi, mukwaya uye mumativi ega.

Iyo opera yakagamuchira mhinduro yakakura, yakaonekwa seyakajeka, ine tarenda, basa rekuvandudza. Makore mashomanana mushure mekutanga muYerevan (1967), yakaitwa panhandare yemitambo muHalle (GDR), uye muna 1978 yakazarura Mutambo Wepasi Pose weGF Handel, unoitwa gore negore munyika yemunyori.

Mushure mekugadzira opera, munyori anonyora 6 symphonies. Iko kugona kwekunzwisisa kwehuzivi munzvimbo dze symphonic dzemifananidzo yakafanana, iwo madingindira mamwe chete anomukwezva. Zvadaro ballet "Richard III" yakabva kuna W. Shakespeare, opera "Earthquake" inobva munyaya yemunyori weGermany G. Kleist "Earthquake muChile" uye zvakare ma symphonies - Seventh, Eighth - inooneka. Chero ani zvake akambonyatsoteerera kune chero symphony yeTeteryaia anozoziva mimhanzi yake nyore nyore. Yakananga, yenzvimbo, inoda kutarisisa. Pano, ruzha rwega rwega rwunobuda mufananidzo pachawo, pfungwa, uye isu tinotevera nekutarisa kusingatarisire mafambiro ayo, semagumo egamba. Ruzha rwemifananidzo yemisimboti inosvika padanho rekutaura: ruzha-mask, ruzha-mutambi, inovawo dimikira renhetembo, uye tinoburitsa zvarinoreva. Mabasa aTerteryan anokurudzira muteereri kuti atendeutse kutarisa kwavo kwemukati kune hutsika hwechokwadi hwehupenyu, kune zvitubu zvayo zvekusingaperi, kufunga nezvekushaya simba kwenyika uye kunaka kwayo. Naizvozvo, nhetembo dzepamusoro-soro dzenziyo dzeTeterian uye maopera dzinogara dzichishanduka kuva mitsara yakapfava yerudzi rwekwakabva, inoitwa nezwi, yakasarudzika yezviridzwa, kana nezviridzwa zvevanhu. Iyi ndiyo nzira iyo chikamu chechipiri chechipiri Symphony chinonzwika - monophonic baritone improvisation; chiitiko kubva kuThird Symphony - ensemble yeduduks mbiri uye zurns mbiri; rwiyo rwekamancha runopinda mudenderedzwa rose muFifth Symphony; dapa bato muChinomwe; panhongonya yechitanhatu pachava nekwaya, uko panzvimbo yemashoko kune manzwi echiArmenian alphabet "ayb, ben, gim, dan", nezvimwewo sechimiro chechiratidzo chekujekesa uye zvekunamata. Izvo zviri nyore, zvingaite senge, zviratidzo, asi zvine chirevo chakadzama. Mune izvi, basa raTeteryan rinodzokorora unyanzvi hwevanyori vakadai saA. Tarkovsky uye S. Parajanov. Chii chinonzi symphonies yako? vateereri vanobvunza Terteryan. “Pamusoro pezvinhu zvese,” munyori anopindura, achisiya munhu wese kuti anzwisise zvirimo.

Mimhanzi yaTerterian inoitwa pamitambo ine mukurumbira pasi rose mimhanzi - muZagreb, uko kuongororwa kwemimhanzi yemazuva ano kunoitwa chirimo chega chega, ku "Warsaw Autumn", kuWest Berlin. Zvinonzwikawo munyika yedu - muYerevan, Moscow, Leningrad, Tbilisi, Minsk, Tallinn, Novosibirsk, Saratov, Tashkent ... Kune kondakita, mimhanzi yaTerteryan inovhura mukana wekushandisa kugona kwake kwekusika semuimbi zvakanyanya. Muiti wepano anoita seanoverengerwa mukunyora pamwe chete. Tsanangudzo inonakidza: symphonies, zvichienderana nekududzirwa, pakukwanisa, sezvakataurwa nemunyori, "kuteerera inzwi", inogona kugara kwenguva dzakasiyana. Yake Yechina Symphony yakarira zvese 22 uye 30 maminetsi, Yechinomwe - uye 27 uye 38! Kushandirapamwe kwakadaro, kwekugadzira nemunyori kwaisanganisira D. Khanjyan, muturikiri anoshamisa wemanzwi ake mana ekutanga. G. Rozhdestvensky, mukuridza kwake kwakajeka kwechina neChishanu, A. Lazarev, mukuridza kwake Sixth Symphony inonzwika zvinokatyamadza, yakanyorerwa orchestra yekamuri, kwaya yekamuri uye magiramufomu 4 nekurekodhwa kweimbwa huru yesymphony, harpsichords nebhero. chimes.

Mimhanzi yaTerteryan inokokawo muteereri kuti awirirane. Chinangwa chayo chikuru ndechekubatanidza kuedza kwemweya kwevose munyori, muiti uye muteereri mukusaneta uye kwakaoma kuziva kwehupenyu.

M. Rukhkyan