Ndedzipi mamita enhetembo?

Mune nhetembo dzeRussia, iyo syllabic-tonic system yeverification, yakaunzwa neruvoko rweLomonosov uye Trediakovsky, yakagamuchirwa. Muchidimbu: mune tonic system, nhamba yezvinonetsa mumutsara yakakosha, uye syllabic system inoda kuvepo kwerhyme.

Tisati tadzidza nzira yekuziva mita yenhetembo, ngatidzorerei ndangariro dzedu pane zvinorehwa nemamwe mazwi. Saizi inotsamira pakurongeka kwekuchinjana kwemazwi akatsikirirwa uye asina kusimbiswa. Zvikwata zvezvinyaudzo zvinodzokororwa mumutsara mumwe chete tsoka. Ndivo vanoronga ukuru hwevhesi. Asi nhamba yetsoka mundima imwe chete (mutsetse) icharatidza kuti saizi inya imwe, tsoka mbiri, tsoka nhatu, zvichingodaro.

Ngatitarisei hukuru hwakakurumbira. Kukura kwetsoka kunoenderana nekuti masyllable mangani anougadzira. Somuenzaniso, kana pane syllable imwe chete, ipapo tsoka ine monosyllabic, uye kana iine mashanu, inoenderana neshanu-syllable. Kazhinji mumabhuku (nhetembo) unogona kuwana maviri-syllable (trochee uye iambic) uye matatu-syllable (dactyl, amphibrach, anapest) tsoka.

Masyllables maviri. Kune masyllables maviri nemamita maviri.

Chorea - tsoka ine kushushikana pane syllable yekutanga. Izwi rimwechete rinomboshandiswa kudaidza rudzi urwu rwetsoka izwi rokuti troche. IN iambic kusimbisa pasyllable yechipiri. Kana izwi iri rakareba, zvinoreva zvakare kushushikana kwechipiri.

Kwakabva izwi iri kunonakidza. Maererano neimwe vhezheni, pachinzvimbo chemushumiri wemwarikadzi Demeter, Yambi, uyo akaimba nziyo dzinofadza dzakavakwa pamamita iambic. MuGreece yekare, nhetembo chete dzesatirical dzakatanga kunyorwa mu iambic.

Nzira yekusiyanisa sei iambic kubva kutrochee? Matambudziko anogona kudzivirirwa nyore nyore kana iwe ukaronga mazwi nemaarufabheti. Izwi rokuti "trochee" rinouya pakutanga, uye maererano naizvozvo, kushushikana kwaro kuri pane syllable yekutanga.

Mumufananidzo uri kurudyi unoona kumiririrwa kwezvimiro uchishandisa nhamba nezviratidzo, uye pasi pechinyorwa ichi unogona kuverenga mienzaniso yenhetembo dzine zviyero zvakadaro kubva kungano. Iyo trochaic metres inonyatso kuratidzwa kwatiri nenhetembo ye AS Pushkin's "Madhimoni", uye tinogona kuwana iambic tsoka pakutanga chaiko kweinonyorwa yakakurumbira mundima "Eugene Onegin".

Trisyllabic nhetembo mamita. Kune masyllable matatu mutsoka, uye nhamba yakafanana yehukuru.

Dactyl - tsoka iyo syllable yekutanga inosimbiswa, ipapo maviri asina kusimbiswa. Zita racho rinobva pashoko rechiGiriki rokuti dáktylos, rinoreva kuti "munwe". The dactylic tsoka ine syllables matatu uye chigunwe chine phalanges matatu. Kugadzirwa kwedactyl kunonzi kuna mwari Dionysus.

Amphibrachium (Greek amphibrachys - pfupi kumativi ose maviri) - tsoka yezvinyorwa zvitatu, apo kushushikana kunoiswa pakati. Anapest (ChiGiriki anapaistos, kureva kuratidzwa kumashure) - tsoka ine kushushikana pane syllable yekupedzisira. Chirongwa: 001/001

Mamiriro emamita matatu-syllable ari nyore kuyeuka kubva mumutsara: "LADY inokiya gedhi manheru." Chidimburiko cheDAMA chinoisa mazita emasaizi muhurongwa: DActyl, AMFIBRACHY, Anapest. Uye mashoko okuti “madekwana anokiya suo” anoratidza mitoo yokuchinjana kwemazwi.

Mienzaniso yenganonyorwa yemamita ane masyllable matatu, ona mufananidzo waunoona pasi pechinyorwa chino. Dactyl uye amphibrachium inoratidza mabasa aM.Yu. Lermontov's "Makore" uye "Inomira Yakasurukirwa muWild North." Rutsoka rweanapestic runogona kuwanikwa mudetembo raA. Blok "Kune Muse":

Polysyllabic metres inoumbwa nekubatanidza maviri kana matatu mamita akareruka (sezvakangoita mumhanzi). Pakati pemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzetsoka dzakaoma, dzinonyanya kufarirwa ndeye peon uye penton.

Peon ine syllables imwe yakasimbiswa uye matatu asina kusimbiswa. Zvichienderana nekuverenga kwesyllable yakasimbiswa, peons I, II, III uye IV inosiyaniswa. MuchiRussian versification, nhoroondo yepeon inosanganiswa nevanofananidzira, vakaikurudzira semamita mana-syllable.

Penton - tsoka yezvinyaudzo zvishanu. Kune mhando shanu dzawo: “Penton Kwete.. Yakakurumbira pentadolniki AV Koltsov, uye "Penton No. 3" inonzi "Koltsovsky". Semuenzaniso we "peon" tinogona kutaura nhetembo yaR. Rozhdestvensky "Moments", uye tinoenzanisira "pentone" nenhetembo dzaA. Koltsov "Usaita ruzha, rye":

Kuziva kuti mameta enhetembo ndeapi anodiwa kwete chete kuongororo yechikoro yemabhuku, asi pakuvasarudza nemazvo kana uchigadzira yako nhetembo. Kunaka kwerondedzero kunoenderana nekukura. Pane mutemo mumwe chete pano: kana syllables isina kusimbiswa mutsoka, iyo vhesi inonzwika zvakanaka. Hazvina kunaka kupenda hondo inokurumidza, semuenzaniso, nepenton: mufananidzo uchaita senge uri mukufamba zvishoma.

Ndinoti mumbozorora henyu. Tarisa vhidhiyo ine mimhanzi yakanaka uye nyora mune zvakataurwa zvaunogona kudaidza isingawanzo mimhanzi chiridzwa chaunoona ipapo?