Vytautas Prano Barkauskas (Vytautas Barkauskas) |

Vytautas Barkauskas

Mumwe wevatungamiri vemazuva ano emitambo yemimhanzi muLithuania, V. Barkauskas, ndeyechizvarwa chevanyori veLithuania vakazvizivisa muma60s. se "vanonetsa", kutendeukira kumufananidzo mutsva, mutsva, dzimwe nguva unokatyamadza avant-garde mutauro. Kubva pamatanho ekutanga, Barkauskas akave mumwe wevatungamiriri vevadiki, asi nechekare mumabasa ake ekutanga ichi chitsva hachina kumboiswa, asi akaita muhukama hwepedyo netsika, achinyatsoteerera dhizaini. Muhupenyu hwake hwese hwekusika, maitiro aBarkauskas akachinja-chinja - mataurirwo emhando uye matekiniki akachinja, asi zvakakosha zvakaramba zvisina kushanduka - zvakadzika zvemukati, hunyanzvi hwepamusoro, kusanganisa kwakasimba kwemanzwiro nehuchenjeri.

Nhaka yemunyori inosanganisira angangoita marudzi ese: dariro (iyo opera The Legend of Love, the choreographic stage Conflict), symphonic uye mumhanzi wekamuri (kusanganisira 5 symphonies, the Three Aspects triptych, 3 concertos, Monologue for oboe solo, Partita for solo violin, 3 violin sonatas, 2 tambo quartets, Quintet uye Sextet yetambo ine piyano), kwaya, cantatas uye oratorios, mazwi ezwi (pamitsetse yaP. Eluard, N. Kuchak, V. Palchinskaite), organ uye piano nziyo (kusanganisira ye 4, 6 uye 8 maoko), mimhanzi yemitambo uye cinema. Barkauskas anobhadhara zvakanyanya kune repertoire yevana.

Zvidzidzo zvekutanga zvemimhanzi zvakatanga kumba, ipapo - padhipatimendi repiyano yechikoro chemimhanzi. Y. Tallat-Kyalpshi muVilnius. Zvisinei, munyori haana pakarepo kuwana basa rake, akagamuchira basa rake rokutanga panguva Faculty of Physics uye Masvomhu of Vilnius Pedagogical Institute (1953). Mushure mokunge Barkauskas akasarudza kuzvipira zvachose kumimhanzi - muna 1959 akapedza kudzidza kubva kuVilnius Conservatory mukirasi yemunyori akakurumbira uye mudzidzisi A. Raciunas.

Mumakore gumi ekutanga ekugadzira, mimhanzi yaBarkauskas yainyanya kucherechedzwa nemweya wekuyedza, kushandiswa kweakasiyana maitiro ekunyora (atonalism, dodecaphony, sonoristics, aleatorics).

Izvi zvakaratidzwa zvakajeka mumhando yepamusoro ye60s. - mumhanzi wekamuri, uko, pamwe chete nemaitiro emazuva ano ekuumbwa, maitiro e-neoclassical enguva ino yemimhanzi yeSoviet (yakajeka inovaka, pachena yekuratidzira, kukwevera kune polyphony) zvakare yakaitwa inonakidza. Inonyanya kuswedera kune vatenzi vekare kuBarkauskas yaiva nheyo yekuita kwekonti - rudzi rwekutamba netimbres, dynamics, virtuoso maitiro, marudzi akasiyana-siyana ezvinyorwa. Aya ndiwo Concertino yake yemapoka mana emakamuri (1964), "Kusiyanisa mimhanzi" yenyere, cello uye percussion (1968), "Itimate kuumbwa" kweoboe uye 12 tambo (1968), iyo ndeye yakanakisa yakagadzirwa nemunyori. Uye gare gare, Barkauskas haana kuparadzana nemhando yekonzati (Concertos for organ "Gloria urbi" - 1972; nyere uye oboes ne orchestra - 1978; Matatu ekonsati etudes yepiyano - 1981).

Kunyanya kukosha ndeye Concerto yeviola uye chamber orchestra (1981), basa rinokosha rinopfupisa kutsvaga kwekare uye rinosimbisa manzwiro, erudo kutanga, izvo zvinowedzera mubasa remunyori nekufamba kwenguva. Panguva imwecheteyo, mutauro unowedzera kuwanikwa uye wakajeka, iyo yekare graphic quality ikozvino inowedzera kusanganiswa nezwi rine mavara. Ese maficha aya anopupurira chishuwo chenguva dzose cheBarkauskas kugadzira nzira dzinoratidza, kudzamisa zviri mukati. Kunyangwe munguva yekutanga, munyori akatendeukira kumagariro, kazhinji akakosha madingindira - munhetembo yekatata "Izwi reChimurenga" (paSt. A. Drilinga - 1967), mu "Promemoria" kutenderera kwenyere mbiri, bass clarinet, piano, harpsichord uye percussion (1970), kwaanobata padingindira remauto kekutanga. Gare gare, Barkauskas akadzokorora kudzokera kwairi, achimupa pfungwa inoshamisa imwe monumental symphonic fomu - mune Yechina (1984) uye Fifth (1986) symphonies.

Kufanana nevamwe vanyori vakawanda vekuLithuania, Barkauskas anonyanya kufarira ngano yekwake, achibatanidza mutauro wayo nenzira dzemazuva ano dzekutaura nenzira yakasiyana. Mumwe wemienzaniso inonakidza yekubatanidza kwakadaro ndeye symphonic triptych Three Aspects (1969).

Mushure mokunge apedza kudzidza kubva kuConservatory, pamwe chete nebasa raBarkauskas, ari kuita mabasa ekudzidzisa uye ekudzidzisa - anoshanda paVilnius Music College. J. Tallat-Kelpsy, paRepublican House of Folk Art, anodzidzisa dzidziso (kubvira 1961) uye kuumbwa (kubvira 1988) paLithuanian State Conservatory. Munyori anozivikanwa kwete kumba chete, asiwo kune dzimwe nyika. Achitsanangura pfungwa yeimwe yenziyo dzake dzichangoburwa, Barkauskas akanyora kuti: “Ndaifunga nezveMunhu neramangwana rake. Pakupedzisira, dingindira iri rakasarudza kutsvaga kukuru kwemuimbi weLithuania.

G. Zhdanova