Viola: tsananguro yemhepo chiridzwa, kuumbwa, nhoroondo

Inzwi reiyi mhepo inoridza chiridzwa rinogara rakavanda kuseri kwakakosha uye kwakakosha "hama". Asi mumaoko ehwamanda chaiyo, manzwi eviola anoshanduka kuva rwiyo runoshamisa, pasina izvo zvisingabviri kufungidzira nziyo dzejazz kana kufora kwemauto ehondo.

Tsanangudzo yechishandiso

Iyo viola yemazuva ano inomiririra zviridzwa zvendarira. Pakutanga, yakaona shanduko dzakasiyana-siyana dzekugadzira, asi nhasi mukuumbwa kwe orchestras munhu anogona kazhinji kuona yakakura-scale embouchure copper altohorn ine chubhu yakakombama muchimiro cheovha uye kuwedzera kwedhayamita yebhero.

Kubva pakugadzirwa, chimiro chechubhu chakachinja kakawanda. Chakanga chakareba, chakatenderedzwa. Asi iovha ndiyo inobatsira kupfavisa ruzha rwakapinza rwuri mumatubas. Bhero rinonangidzirwa kumusoro.

MuEurope, unogona kazhinji kuona maaltohorns ane bhero remberi, izvo zvinokubvumira kuendesa kune vateereri musanganiswa wose wepolyphony. MuGreat Britain, mauto ehondo anowanzoshandisa viola ine chiyero chakadzoserwa kumashure. Magadzirirwo aya anovandudza kunzwika kwemimhanzi yemasoja ari kufora ari kuseri kweboka remimhanzi.

Device

Violas inosiyaniswa nehukuru hwakakura kupfuura vamwe vamiriri veboka rendarira. Muromo wakadzika wakaita sendiro unopinzwa muhwaro. Kubviswa kwezwi kunoitwa nekufuridza mbiru yemhepo kubva muchubhu ine masimba akasiyana uye imwe nzvimbo yemiromo. Althorn ine mavharuvhu matatu. Nekubatsira kwavo, kureba kwemhepo kunogadziriswa, inzwi rinoderedzwa kana kuwedzera.

Ruzha rwealtohorn rudiki. Inotanga neinoti "A" yeoctave huru uye inopera ne "E-flat" yechipiri octave. Inzwi harina kunaka. Kugadziridzwa kwechiridzwa kunobvumira virtuosos kuburitsa ruzha rwechitatu pamusoro pezita rekuti Eb.

Rejista yepakati inoonekwa seyakanaka, manzwi ayo anoshandiswa ese ari maviri ekuimba nziyo uye kutora akasiyana, rhythmic ruzha. Zvikamu zveTertsovye ndizvo zvinonyanya kushandiswa mumitambo yeorchestra. Iyo yese yerudzi inonzwika isina kujeka uye yakagomara, saka haishandiswe kakawanda.

Viola chiridzwa chiri nyore kudzidza. Muzvikoro zvemimhanzi, avo vanoda kudzidza kuridza hwamanda, saxophone, tuba vanopiwa kutanga ne viola.

History

Kubva makarekare, vanhu vave vachikwanisa kuburitsa kurira kwakasiyana-siyana pahwamanda. Vakashanda sechiratidzo chekutanga kwekuvhima, vakanyevera nezvengozi, uye vakashandiswa pazororo. Nyanga dzakava madzitateguru ezviridzwa zvose zveboka rendarira.

Yekutanga altohorn yakagadzirwa nemugadziri ane mukurumbira, nyanzvi yemimhanzi kubva kuBelgium, Adolf Sachs. Zvakaitika muna 1840. Icho chiridzwa chitsva chakanga chakavakirwa pane yakagadziridzwa bugelhorn, chimiro chechubhu chayo chaiva koni. Sekureva kwemugadziri, iyo curved oval chimiro ichabatsira kubvisa ruzha, kuita kuti ipfave uye kuwedzera ruzha rwekurira. Sachs akapa mazita ekuti "saxhorn" uye "saxotrombe" kune zviridzwa zvekutanga. Iyo dhayamita yematanho avo yaive diki pane iyo yemazuva ano viola.

Ruzha rusinganzwisisike, rwusina kujeka runovhara musuwo weviola wesymphony orchestras. Kazhinji kazhinji inoshandiswa mumabhandi endarira. Yakakurumbira mumabhendi ejazz. Rhythm yerwiyo rwakabviswa inokutendera kuti ubatanidze viola mumapoka emimhanzi yemauto. Muchikwata chevaimbi, ruzha rwake runosiyaniswa neinzwi repakati. Alt horn inovhara voids uye shanduko pakati pepamusoro uye pasi ruzha. Iye asina kufanirwa anonzi "Cinderella" yebhandi rendarira. Asi nyanzvi dzinofunga kuti maonero akadaro ndiwo mugumisiro wekushomeka kwevaimbi, kusakwanisa kuita virtuoso kugona chiridzwa.