Transposing zviridzwa |

German transponierende Instrumente transposing zviridzwa

Zviridzwa zvemimhanzi, iyo chaiyo inonzwika isingaenderane neinoti, inosiyana kubva pairi neimwe nguva (kumusoro kana pasi - zvichienderana nechimiro chechimiro uye kurongeka kwezviridzwa).

Kuna T. uye. zvenzeve zvomweya wendarira. zviridzwa (nyanga, mabhosvo, makoneti, marudzi e tuba, saxhorns), pl. miti yemapuranga (mhuri dzeclarinet, saxophones, zvakasiyana-siyana zveoboe - Chirungu horn, oboe d'amour, huxlphone); wakadii. hunogonawo kunzi uta hune tambo, hwakavakwazve kune hwakati. interval - pamusoro kana pasi pegadziriro yavo yakajairika (ona Scordatura). Kuna T. uye. inosanganisirawo zviridzwa zvinonzwika octave yakaderera pane notation (double bass, contrabassoon) kana octave yakakwirira (piccolo nyere, celesta, xylophone, mabhero), asi muchidimbu ichi hachisi shanduko, sezvo matanho echiyero achichengeta mazita avo. . zvakasikwa mutsara wemanzwi anoenderana nemudziyo wechiridzwa (yendarira yemhepo zviridzwa - chiyero chechisikigo che overtones), kune T. uye. yakanyorwa mukiyi yeC-dur. Zvichienderana nekugadzirisa (tuning) yezviridzwa, manzwi akanyorwa muC-dur anonzwika nguva yakatarwa yakakwirira kana pasi, semuenzaniso. c2 ye clarinet muB inonzwika kunge b1 (ye clarinet muA - senge a1), yeChirungu. nyanga kana nyanga muF - senge f1, y alto saxophone muEs - senge es1, y tenor muB - senge b, y hwamanda muEs kana sopranino saxophone - senge es2, nezvimwe.

L. Beethoven. 8th symphony, 1st kufamba.

Kubuda kwaT. na., Kana kuti, chirevo chinovashandura, chinoreva zana ramakore rechi 18, kunguva apo mweya. zviridzwa zvaigona kuburitsa ma toni echikero chavo chakareruka kana chikero chakasikwa. Sezvo C-dur iriyo kiyi yakapfava maererano nezvinyorwa, tsika yakasimuka kuti inyore zvikamu muC-dur zvinoenderana nekugadzirisa kwechisikigo chechiridzwa.

Nekugadzirwa kwemavharuvhu nemasuwo, kutamba mumakiyi zvakanyanya kana zvishoma kubviswa kubva kune makuru. kuvaka chiridzwa, chakarerutswa zvakanyanya, asi tsika yekutumira notation (izvo zvinoita kuti zviome kuverenga zvibodzwa) inoramba ichishandiswa. Imwe nharo inotsigira kuchengetedzwa kwayo ndeyekuti, nekuda kweiyo transposing notation, muiti mumwechete anogona kushandura zviri nyore kubva kune imwe mhando yechiridzwa chemhuri imwe kuenda kune imwe ine tuning yakasiyana uchichengeta chigunwe, semuenzaniso. kubva ku clarinet muA kusvika ku bass clarinet muB (minwe inochengetedzwa): shanduko dzakadaro dzinowanzoitwa pakuita chidimbu chimwe chete. (inoratidzwa: Cl. muB muta muA; Cl. muB muta Cl. picc. in Es). Dep. kushandura mweya. zviridzwa zvinogara zvichicherechedzwa maererano nekurira kwazvo (semuenzaniso trombones muB, tuba muB). Vamwe vanyori muzana remakore rechi20. akaita kuedza kucherechedza mapato aT. uye. maererano nokurira kwavo; pakati pavo - A. Schoenberg (serenade op. 24, 1924), A. Berg, A. Webern, A. Honegger, SS Prokofiev.

Mumakore 17-18. kuna T. uye. mamwe maogani masisitimu akaverengerwawo, chimiro chayo chakasiyana kubva kune orchestral uye, nekudaro, chikamu chavo chakacherechedzwa mune mamwe makiyi.

Литература: Herz N., Dzidziso yekuendesa zviridzwa zvemimhanzi, Lpz., 1911; Erpf H., Chinyorwa chezviridzwa uye ruzivo rwezviridzwa, Mainz, (1959).