Guqin: tsananguro yechiridzwa, chinoshanda sei, ruzha, kutamba

Qixianqin chiridzwa chekuChina chiridzwa. Anozivikanwa nemaitiro ake epamusoro ekutamba uye nhoroondo refu. Rimwe zita rinonzi guqin. Zviridzwa zvenyika zvinoenderana: kayagym, yatyg, gusli, rudimbwa.

Chii chinonzi guqin

Chiridzwa chemhando - tambo chordophone. Mhuri ine zither. Guqin yave ichiridzwa kubva kare. Kubva payakatangwa, yave ichikosheswa zvikuru nevezvematongerwo enyika uye vezvedzidzo semudziyo wehunyanzvi uye hwekuita. MaChina vanodana guqin kuti “baba venziyo dzeChina” uye “chiridzwa chavachenjeri”.

Qixianqin chiridzwa chakanyarara. Rudzi urwu runogumira kune mana octaves. Tambo dzakavhurika dzakaiswa mubhass rejista. Kurira kwakaderera 2 octaves pasi pepakati C. Mitsindo inobudiswa nekudzura tambo dzakazaruka, kumisa tambo uye harmonica.

Iyo guqin inoshanda sei

Kugadzira guqin inzira yakaoma yakaoma, sekugadzirwa kwezvimwe zviridzwa zvemimhanzi. Qixianqin inomira kunze kwechiratidzo chayo mukusarudzwa kwezvinhu zvinoumba.

Chishandiso chikuru ikhamera inonzwika. Kureba - 120 cm. Kureba - 20 cm. Imba inoumbwa nemapuranga maviri emapuranga, akapetwa pamwechete. Rimwe puranga rine chekucheka mukati, richigadzira kamuri isina mhango. Maburi ekurira anochekwa kumashure kwekesi. Tambo dzinotsigirwa nekorona uye bhiriji. Pakati pepamusoro anoita semutsipa. Mutsipa wakarerekera pakona.

Chishandiso chine makumbo pasi. Chinangwa hachisi chekuvhara maburi ekurira. Pasi pezasi pane tuning mechanism. Tambo dzacho dzakagara dzichigadzirwa nesirika. Kune dzemazuva ano dzine simbi yekupfeka.

Maererano netsika, guqin pakutanga yakanga ine tambo 5. Tambo imwe neimwe yaimiririra chinhu chakasikwa: simbi, huni, mvura, moto, pasi. Munguva yeZhou Dynasty, Wen-wang akawedzera tambo yechitanhatu sechiratidzo chekuchema mwanakomana wake akafa. Mugari wenhaka Wu Wang akawedzera wechinomwe kuti akurudzire mauto muHondo yeShang.

Kune 2 mhando dzakakurumbira dzezana remakore reXXI. Chekutanga ihama. Kureba - 1 m. Inoshandiswa mumitambo yega. Yechipiri ine Kureba - 2 m. Nhamba yetambo - 13. Inoshandiswa mu orchestra.

Zviyero zvakakurumbira: C, D, F, G, A, c, d uye G, A, c, d, e, g, a. Paunenge uchiridza duet, chiridzwa chechipiri hachifukidze guqin.

Nhoroondo yechishandiso

Imwe ngano yeChinese iyo yakapfuudzwa kubva kuchizvarwa kuenda kune chimwe chizvarwa inoti mazhinji ezviridzwa zveChina akaonekwa makore 5000 apfuura. Iwo ane mukurumbira mavara Fu Xi, Shen Nong uye Yero Emperor vakagadzira iyo guqin. Iyi vhezheni yava kutorwa sengano.

Maererano nevatsvakurudzi, nhoroondo chaiyo ye qixianqin inenge makore 3000, ine kukanganisa kwezana remakore. Nyanzvi yemimhanzi Yang Yinglu inokamura nhoroondo yeguqin kuita 3 nguva. Yekutanga isati yasimuka yeQin Dynasty. Munguva yekutanga, guqin akawana mukurumbira muchivanze orchestra.

Mukati menguva yechipiri, chiridzwa chacho chakapesvedzerwa nepfungwa yechiConfucius nechiTao. Mimhanzi yakapararira muSui neTang dynasties. Muchikamu chechipiri, kuedza kwakaitwa kunyora mitemo yePlay, notation, uye zviyero. Iyo yekare yasara modhi ye qixianqin ndeyeTang Dynasty.

Nguva yechitatu inoratidzwa nekukanganisika kwezvinyorwa, kubuda kwemaitiro anogamuchirwa ekutamba. Rwiyo Dynasty ndiyo nzvimbo yekuzvarwa yenguva yegoridhe yenhoroondo yeguqin. Kune dzakawanda nhetembo uye zvinyorwa kubva panguva yechitatu iyo yaifanirwa kuridzwa pa qixianqing.

kushandisa

Qixianqin yakatanga kushandiswa mumhanzi wechiChinese. Sechinyakare, chiridzwa ichi chairidzwa muimba yakanyarara yoga kana neshamwari mbiri. Vaimbi vemazuva ano vanoridza pamakonzati makuru vachishandisa mapikicha emagetsi kana maikorofoni kukwidziridza ruzha.

Chimiro chakakurumbira chezana ramakore rechiXNUMX chinodaidzwa kuti "Rokudan no Shirabe". Munyori ndiye bofu munyori Yatsuhashi Kang.

Sechiratidzo chetsika yepamusoro, qixianqin inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muChinese yakakurumbira tsika. Chishandiso chinoonekwa mumafirimu. Vatambi vemafirimu havana hunyanzvi hwekuita, saka vanovandudza. Iyo yekuteerera ine kurekodha kwehunyanzvi Play inokwidziridzwa pamusoro pekutevedzana kwevhidhiyo.

Iyo yakanyatsogadzirwazve guqing kutamba inoonekwa muZhang Yimou's bhaisikopo Gamba. Hunhu Xu Kuang anotamba vhezheni yekare yeguqin munzvimbo yemuzinda nepo Nameless One achibvisa kurwisa kubva kumuvengi.

Chiridzwa ichi chakashandiswa pakuvhurwa kwe2008 Summer Olympics. Yakagadzirwa naChen Leiji.

How kutamba

Nzira yekuridza guqin inonzi fingering. Mimhanzi inoridzwa yakakamurwa kuita 3 kurira kwakasiyana:

• Yokutanga inoimbwa yin. Shanduro chaiyo ndeye "manzwi asina kubatanidzwa pamwe chete". Yakabviswa netambo yakashama.
• Yechipiri ndiFang Yin. Zvinoreva kuti "manzwi anoyangarara". Zita racho rinobva ku harmonica, apo mutambi anobata zvinyoronyoro tambo nemunwe mumwe kana maviri mune imwe nzvimbo. Inzwi rakajeka rinogadzirwa.
• Yechitatu ndeye yin kana kuti "yakamira ruzha". Kuti abudise ruzha, mutambi anodzvanya tambo yacho nemunwe wake kusvikira yamira nemuviri. Ipapo ruoko rwomuimbi runotsvedza kumusoro nokudzika, richichinja kurira kwenzwi. Maitiro ekubvisa ruzha akafanana nekuridza gitare remasiraidhi. Nzira yeguqin yakawanda yakasiyana-siyana, uchishandisa ruoko rwose.

Maererano nebhuku rinonzi Cunjian Guqin Zhifa Puzi Jilan, kune 1070 minwe yekutamba maitiro. Izvi zvinopfuura zvimwe zviridzwa zvekuMadokero kana zveChinese. Vatambi vemazuva ano vanoshandisa avhareji yemaitiro makumi mashanu. Kudzidza kutamba qixianqing kwakaoma uye kunotora nguva yakawanda. Hazvibviri kudzidza maitiro ese pasina mudzidzisi anokwanisa.