Oud: chii, nhoroondo yechiridzwa, kuumbwa, kushandiswa

Imwe yemadzitateguru eEuropean lute ndiyo oud. Ichi chishandiso chinoshandiswa zvakanyanya munyika dzeMuslim neArab.

Chii chinonzi oud

Oud chiridzwa chine tambo. Kirasi - yakadzura chordophone.

History

Chishandiso chine nhoroondo refu. Mifananidzo yekutanga yemakorofoni akafanana inodzokera kuzana ramakore re8 BC. Mifananidzo yacho yakawanikwa panharaunda yeIran yemazuva ano.

Munguva yeSassanid Empire, iyo lute-yakafanana chiridzwa barbat yakawana mukurumbira. Iyo oud yakabva mukusanganiswa kwebarbat zvivakwa neiyo yekare Greek barbiton. Muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX, nyika yechiMuslim yeIberia yakava mugadziri mukuru wechordophone.

Zita rechiArabhu rechiridzwa "al-udu" rine zvirevo zviviri. Chekutanga itambo, chechipiri mutsipa weshavi. Marudzi echiArab anobatanidza chimiro cheoud nemutsipa weshavi.

Tool mudziyo

Chimiro che ouds chinosanganisira zvikamu zvitatu: muviri, mutsipa, musoro. Kunze, muviri unofanana nemuchero wepeya. Zvinhu zvekugadzira - walnut, sandalwood, pear.

Mutsipa unogadzirwa kubva muhuni hwakafanana nemuviri. Iyo peculiarity yemutsipa kusavapo kwefrets.

Musoro wemusoro wakasungirirwa kumagumo emutsipa. Iine peg mechanism ine tambo dzakabatanidzwa. Nhamba yetambo dzechiAzerbaijani dzinonyanya kushandiswa ndeye 6. Nyaya yekugadzira ishinda yesilika, nylon, matumbo emombe. Pane dzimwe shanduro dzechiridzwa, dzakabatanidzwa.

Mhando dzeArmenian dzechordophone dzinosiyaniswa nenhamba yakawedzera yetambo kusvika ku 11. Shanduro yePezhiya ine 12. MuKazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan neKyrgyzstan, chordophone ine zvishoma zvishoma - 5.

Mhando dzeArabic dzakakura kupfuura dzeTurkey nePersia. Kureba kwechiyero ndeye 61-62 cm, ukuwo kureba kweyeTurkey 58.5 cm. Ruzha rwechiArabic oud rwunosiyana pakadzika nekuda kwemuviri wakakura.

kushandisa

Vaimbi vanoridza oud nenzira yakafanana neyegitare. Mutumbi unoiswa pamabvi ekurudyi, uchitsigirwa neruoko rworudyi. Ruoko rworuboshwe runosungirira machords pamutsipa usingaite fretless. Ruoko rworudyi runobata plectrum, iyo inobudisa ruzha kubva mutambo.

Standard chordophone tuning: D2-G2-A2-D3-G3-C4. Paunenge uchishandisa tambo dzakabatanidzwa, kurongeka kwetambo dziri pedyo kunodzokororwa. Zvinyorwa zvevavakidzani zvinonzwika zvakafanana, zvichigadzira ruzha rwakapfuma.

The oud inonyanya kushandiswa mumhanzi wevanhu. Vatambi vakasiyana-siyana dzimwe nguva vanoishandisa mumitambo yavo. Farid al-Atrash, muimbi uye muimbi wekuIjipita, akashandisa oud mubasa rake. Nziyo dzine mukurumbira dzaFarid: Rabeeh, Awal Hamsa, Hekayat Gharami, Wayak.