Triad |

lat. trias, utachiona. Dreiklang, Chirungu. triad, French katatu accord

1) Chord yemanzwi matatu, anogona kurongwa muzvikamu zvitatu. Kune marudzi mana eT.: maviri makonzonendi - makuru (akakurawo, "akaoma", trias harmonica maior, trias harmonica naturalis, perfecta) uye madiki (diki, "nyoro", trias harmonica minor, trias harmonica mollis, imperfecta) uye maviri dissonant - yakawedzera (zvakare "yakawandisa", trias superflue, abundans) uye yakaderedzwa (trias deficiens - "haina kukwana"). Konsonanti T. inomuka semugumisiro wekukamura konsonanti yakakwana yechishanu maererano nereshiyo yezviyero - arithmetic (4:4:5, kureva chikuru chetatu + chidiki chetatu) uye harmonic (6:10:12, kureva diki yechitatu + chikuru chechitatu). Chimwe chazvo - chikuru - chinopindirana nekudzidza kwematoni muchikamu chezasi chechiyero chechisikigo (matoni 15: 1: 2: 3: 4: 5). Matoni ekonzonendi ndiwo hwaro hwemataurirwo ezwi guru-diki retoni system yakatekeshera muzana ramakore rechi 6 nerechi 17. ("The harmonic triad ndiyo hwaro hwese consonance ...", akanyora IG Walter). Vakuru nevadiki T. ndivo varipakati. zvinhu zveChitsauko 19. frets european. mimhanzi ine mazita mamwe chete. Kusvikira kumwero mukuru, toni dzekonzonendi dzakachengeta ukoshi hwadzo munziyo dzezana ramakore rechi2. Mira parutivi 20 "inharmonious." T. - yakawedzera (kubva pazvikamu zviviri zvakakura) uye yakaderedzwa (kubva kune zviduku zviviri). Kwete kuwedzera kune consonance yechishanu yakachena, zvose zviri zviviri hazvina kugadzikana (kunyanya iyo yakaderedzwa, iyo ine dissonance yechishanu yakaderedzwa). Muses. dzidziso maererano netsika ye contrapuntal. mabhii pakutanga vaiona polyphony, kusanganisira T., sezvo yakaoma nguva (somuenzaniso, T. somubatanidzwa wechishanu uye zviviri muzvitatu). G. Tsarlino akapa dzidziso yekutanga yaT. (2), achivadaidza kuti "kuwirirana" uye achitsanangura makuru uye madiki T. nerubatsiro rwedzidziso yehuwandu hwehuwandu (muhurefu hwetambo, huru T. - harmonic chikamu 1558: 15:12, diki – masvomhu 10:6:5). Zvadaro, T. yakasarudzwa se "triad" (trias; maererano naA. Kircher, T.-triad ndeimwe yemhando nhatu dzemimhanzi "nyaya" pamwe chete nezwi-monad uye maviri-toni-diad). I. Lippius (4) naA. Werkmeister (1612-1686) vaidavira kuti “harmonic.” T. inofananidzira St. NP Diletsky (87) anodzidzisa "concordances" (makonzoni) achishandisa muenzaniso weT. nekupeta kaviri kweprima, mukugadzirisa kwakarurama (kufara kana kuvhara); anotsanangura maitiro maviri maererano neT.: ut-mi-sol - "mimhanzi inofadza", re-fa-la - "mimhanzi inosuruvarisa". JF Rameau akapatsanura “chaiyo” chords kubva mumisanganiswa neruzha rwusiri-chord uye akatsanangura T. seyo huru. chord type. M. Hauptmann, A. Oettingen, H. Riemann, uye Z. Karg-Elert vakadudzira minor T. segirazi inversion (inversion) yehukuru (dzidziso yehunyambiri hwehukuru uye hudiki); Riemann akaedza kusimbisa hunyambiri hwaT. nedzidziso yeuntertons. Muchidzidzo cheRiemann's functional theory, consonant temporality inonzwisiswa se monolithic complex, hwaro hwemhando dzose dzekugadzirisa.

2) Kusarudzwa kweiyo huru. rudzi rwe tertian matatu-sound chord ine prima mubass, mukupesana neiyo inversions.

References: Diletsky Nikolay, Idea yegirama raMusikiy, M., 1979; Zarlino G., Le istitutioni harmonice, Venetia, 1558 (facsimile muMonuments of music and music literature in facsimile, 2 series, NY, 1965); Lippius J., Synopsis musicae novae omnino verae atque methodicae universae, Argentorati, 1612; Werckmeister A., ​​​​Musicae mathematicae hodegus curiosus, Frankfurt-Lpz., 1686, yakadhindwa zvakare. Nachdruck Hildesheim, 1972; Rameau J. Rh., Traité de l'harmonie…, P., 1722; Hauptmann M., Die Natur der Harmonik und der Metrik, Lpz., 1853, 1873; Oettingen A. von, Harmoniesystem in dualer Entwicklung, Dorpat, 1865, Lpz., 1913 (pasi pezita: Das duale Harmoniesystem); Riemann H., Vereinfachte Harmonielehre, oder die Lehre von den tonalen Funktionen der Akkorde, L.-NY, 1893 his, Geschichte der Musiktheorie in IX. — XIX. Jahrhundert, Lpz., 1901; Hildesheim, 1898; Karg-Elert S., Polaristische Klang- und Tonalitätslehre, Lpz., 1961; Walther JG, Praecepta der musicalischen Composition (1931), Lpz., 1708.

Yu. H. Kholopov