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Zone (kubva muchiGiriki zonn - bhanhire) - inoratidza hukama pakati pezvinhu zvemimhanzi. inonzwika sechiitiko chemuviri (frequency, intensity, kuumbwa kwenzwi, nguva) uye mitsindo yayo. hunhu (kunamira, ruzha, timbre, nguva) seratidziro mundangariro dzemunhu wenyama iyi. sound properties. Pfungwa iyi yakaunzwa nemazizi. mumhanzi acoustician N. A. Garbuzov. Nyanzvi. tsvakurudzo yakawana, kunyanya, kuti imwe neimwe yenhanho dzemuses. chikero (c, cis, d, zvichingodaro) nemuviri. rutivi runoenderana kwete kune imwe frequency, senge mune imwe kana imwe masvomhu inoratidzwa system (somuenzaniso, yakaenzana kutsamwa), asi nhamba yepedyo yakaparadzana frequencies; kana mafambiro achichinja mukati meiyi miganhu, ruzha rwemhando seimwe nhanho haichinji: semuenzaniso, ruzha a1 haigone kuve ne440 Hz chete (OST 7710), asiwo 439, 438, 437, 436, 435, zvakare. se441, 442, 443, 444 , 445 Hz, pasina kupinduka kuita gis1 kana b1. Aya ma frequency range anonzi ma sound-altitude zones. Mune zviedzo zvaGarbuzov, vanhu vane mhatsa yakanaka kwazvo yakakwenenzverwa tambo kana zviridzwa zvakakosha. zvishandiso zvemanzwi akapihwa ane nzira. frequency fluctuations; hupamhi hwenzvimbo mumarejista akanyanya dzimwe nguva aipfuura 200 cents (kureva inzwi rose!). Vaimbi vane ruzivo rwepamusoro vane maitiro akanaka. Kunzwa kuseta nguva dzakatarwa nekushanduka kusvika pa60-70 cents. Mibairo yakafanana yakaonekwa mukudzidza kwekungoita kuratidzwa kwekunzwa kwakakwana kana kwakaringana (kureva, pakuongorora zvakasiyana-siyana zvemarudzi ematanho ega echikero kana misiyano yereshiyo yefrequency mukati menguva). Iyo zone haigone kucherechedzwa nezvikumbaridzo kukosha (semuenzaniso, nehupamhi hwekusarura chikumbaridzo chakaenzana ne5-6 cents); mukati menzvimbo yepitch, vaimbi vanogona kusiyanisa, maererano naGarbuzov, kusvika kugumi. mimvuri. Kugadzira iyo zonal chimiro chekunzwa kwepitch kunovhura mikana mitsva yekudzidza yeunyanzvi. mimhanzi kududzira. anoshanda. Mumabasa eGarbuzov, pamwe nevadzidzi vake nevateveri (A. V. Rabinovich, E. A. Maltseva, S. G. Korsunsky, O. E. Sakhaltuyeva, Yu. N. Rags, E. V. Nazaykinsky), zvinoreva aesthetic yepfungwa ye "zone". Chinangwa cheunyanzvi chemunyori uye chirongwa chekududzira chemuiti zvinopesvedzera sarudzo yeimwe kana imwe manzwi kubva munzvimbo. Z., saka, inoratidza chiyero chepamusoro-pitched inogoneka yekutaura inowanika kumuiti. Pfungwa yeZ. inowedzerwawo naGarbuzov kune maonero e tempo uye rhythm, dynamic (yakakwirira) uye timbre kunzwa (ona Musical nzeve). Pfungwa yenzvimbo yemhando yemimhanzi. kunzwa kwaive nesimba guru pakukura kwedzidziso. uye maonero edzidziso evaimbi-vaimbi uye anoratidzwa mune zvakawanda. mabhuku, mabhuku emvumo, zvikoro zvakaburitswa muUSSR nekune dzimwe nyika. Maonero matsva edzidziso anotenderwa kuitisa akati wandei zvidzidzo zvemaitiro emuses. kuuraya uye kupa huwandu. uye unhu. anofungidzira pl. zviitiko zve "microworld" yemimhanzi.

References: Rabinovich AV, Oscillographic nzira yekuongorora rwiyo, M., 1932; Korsunsky SG, Nzvimbo dzenguva dzepakati paunenge uchidziridza pazviridzwa zvine ruzha rwemahara, Physiological Journal yeUSSR, 1946, v. 32, No 6; Garbuzov HA, Zonal nature yepitch hearing, M.-L., 1948; yake pachake, Zone chimiro che tempo uye rhythm, M., 1950; yake, Intrazonal intonation kunzwa uye nzira dzekuvandudzwa kwayo, M.-L., 1951; yake, Zonal chimiro chekunzwa zvine simba, M., 1955; yake pachake, Zone nature of timbre hearing, M., 1956; Sakhaltueva OE, Pane mamwe mapatani einzwi ane chekuita nechimiro, masimba uye kuwirirana, mu: Proceedings of the Department of Music Theory of the Moscow State Conservatory. PI Tchaikovsky, vol. 1, Moscow, 1960; Rags Yu. N., Kududzira rwiyo maererano nezvimwe zvezvinhu zvarwo, ibid.; Rags Yu. N. naNazaikinsky EV, Musical-theoretical research nekusimudzira dzidziso yekunzwa, muunganidzwa: "Laboratory of Musical Acoustics" (pagore re100th regore reMoLGK rakatumidzwa zita raPI Tchaikovsky), M., 1966.

Yu. N. Rags