Timpani: tsananguro yechiridzwa, kuumbwa, nhoroondo, ruzha, nzira yekutamba

Timpani ndewechikamu chezviridzwa zvemimhanzi zvakaonekwa munguva dzekare, asi hazvina kurasikirwa nekukosha kwavo kusvika parizvino: ruzha rwavo runogona kunge rwakasiyana zvekuti vaimbi, kubva kumakirasi kusvika kumajazzmen, vanoshingairira dhizaini, vachiita mabasa emhando dzakasiyana.

Chii chinonzi timpani

Timpani chiridzwa chinorira chine mutsindo wakati. Inoumbwa nembiya dzinoverengeka (kazhinji kubva pa2 kusvika ku7), dzakafanana nemaboiler muchimiro. Zvinhu zvekugadzira isimbi (kazhinji - mhangura, zvishoma kazhinji - sirivheri, aluminium). Chikamu chakatendeukira kumuimbi (wepamusoro), mapurasitiki kana akafukidzwa nematehwe, mamwe mamodheru akashongedzerwa negomba resonator pazasi.

Ruzha rwunotorwa pachishandiswa zvimiti zvine muromo wakatenderedzwa. Zvinhu zvinogadzirwa nematanda zvinokanganisa kureba, kuzara, uye kudzika kwenzwi.

Huwandu hwemhando dzese dziripo dzetimpani (huru, yepakati, diki) inokwana kuenzana neoctave.

Device

Chikamu chikuru chechiridzwa ndeye voluminous metal kesi. Kureba kwayo, zvichienderana nemuenzaniso, zvakasiyana-siyana ndeye 30-80 cm. Iyo diki saizi yemuviri, inokwira iyo timpani ruzha.

Tsanangudzo yakakosha ndeye membrane inokodzera chimiro kubva kumusoro. Inobatwa nehoop yakagadziriswa ne screws. Iyo screws inogona kusimbiswa zvakasimba kana kusunungurwa - iyo timbre, kureba kwemanzwi akabudiswa kunobva pane izvi.

Chimiro chemuviri chinokanganisawo ruzha: hemispherical inoita kuti chiridzwa chiwedzere kunzwika, chifananidzo chinoita kuti chisanzwisiswe.

Kuipa kwemamodheru ane screw mechanism kusakwanisa kushandura marongero panguva yeKutamba.

Dhizaini dzakashongedzerwa pedals dzakanyanya kufarirwa. Iyo yakakosha michina inobvumidza iwe kuti uchinje kuseta chero nguva, uye zvakare ine epamberi ekugadzira ruzha.

Kuwedzera kwakakosha kune chikuru dhizaini matanda. Navo, muimbi anorova membrane, achiwana inzwi rinodiwa. Tsvimbo dzakagadzirwa nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, sarudzo iyo inokanganisa inzwi (zvinowanzosarudzwa rutsanga, simbi, huni).

History

Timpani inoonekwa seimwe yezviridzwa zvekare zvemumhanzi papasi, nhoroondo yavo inotanga nguva refu isati yasvika nguva yedu. Imwe mhando yemadhiramu akaita secauldron yaishandiswa nevaGiriki vekare - manzwi ane ruzha aishandiswa kutyisidzira muvengi hondo isati yatanga. Vamiririri veMesopotamia vaiva nemichina yakafanana.

Madhiramu ehondo akashanyira Europe muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX. Sezvingabvira, vakaunzwa kubva kuMabvazuva nevarwi vehondo dzechiKristudhomu. Pakutanga, kuda kuziva kwakashandiswa kuhondo: hondo yetimpani yakadzora zviito zvevatasvi vemabhiza.

Muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX, chiridzwa ichi chaitaridzika zvakafanana nemhando dzemazuva ano. Muzana remakore re XVII akaiswa kune orchestra achiita mabasa echinyakare. Vanyori vakakurumbira (J. Bach, R. Strauss, G. Berlioz, L. Beethoven) vakanyora zvikamu zvetimpani.

Zvadaro, chiridzwa chakarega kuva chega pfuma yekirasi. Iyo inozivikanwa pakati pevaimbi vepop, inoshandiswa nevaimbi veNeo-folk jazz.

Timpani yekutamba nzira

Muimbi ari pasi pemanomano mashoma ePlay:

• Single hits. Nzira yakajairika inokubvumira kushandisa imwe kana akawanda reels panguva imwe chete. Nesimba rekukanganisa, kuwanda kwekubata membrane, mudiwa wemimhanzi anoburitsa manzwi ehupi huripo hurefu, timbre, vhoriyamu.
• Tremolo. Inofungidzira kushandiswa kweimwe kana maviri timpani. Kugamuchira kunosanganisira kukurumidza kudzokororwa kudzokororwa kwezwi rimwe chete, manzwi maviri akasiyana, makonzonenzi.
• Glissando. Mumhanzi wakafanana unogona kuwanikwa nekuridza mumhanzi pane chiridzwa chine dhizaini. Nayo, pane shanduko yakatsetseka kubva pakurira kuenda kune ruzha.

Vatambi vakatanhamara vetimpani

Pakati pevaimbi vanoridza timpani zvine hunyanzvi, pane kunyanya vekuEurope:

• Siegfried Fink, mudzidzisi, munyori wenziyo (Germany);
• Anatoly Ivanov, kondakita, percussionist, mudzidzisi (Russia);
• James Blades, percussionist, munyori wemabhuku ezviridzwa zvepercussion (UK);
• Eduard Galoyan, mudzidzisi, muimbi we symphony orchestra (USSR);
• Victor Grishin, munyori, purofesa, munyori wesayenzi mabasa (Russia).