Dutar: tsananguro chiridzwa, kuumbwa, ruzha, nhoroondo, kushandiswa

Vanoda mimhanzi yerudzi muchirimo cha2019 vakaungana kekutanga paFirst International Music Festival of the Arts of Folk Storytellers muguta reUzbek reTrmez. Vaimbi vefolk (bakhshi), vaimbi, vatauri vengano vakakwikwidza muunyanzvi hwekuita mabasa emaoriental folk epos, vachizviperekedza ivo pachavo padutar.

Device

Chiridzwa chine tambo chakabvutwa chiridzwa dutar ndicho chakapararira uye chinodiwa nevanhu veTurkmenistan, Uzbekistan neTajikistan. Inofananidzwa nembira.

Iro bhodhi rakatetepa rakaita sepear rine hukobvu husingapfuuri mamirimita matatu, rinopinda mumutsipa nemunwe. Kureba kwechishandiso kunosvika 3-1150 mm. Iine 1300-3 yakamanikidzwa tsinga frets uye tambo mbiri - silika kana intestinal.

Soundboard - iyo inonyanya kukosha chikamu chechiridzwa, inogadzirwa nemurubheri huni. Kuona kudengenyeka kwetambo, inovaendesa kune resonator yemhepo, ichiita kuti inzwi rive refu uye rizere. Iyo yakapfava yakapfava timbre ye dutar inosiyana zvichienderana nenzvimbo yakakurira silkworm: mumakomo, mapindu kana pedyo nerwizi rune dutu.

Inzwi rezviridzwa zvemazuva ano rakakwirira kudarika remuenzaniso wekare, nekuda kwekutsiviwa kwetambo dzechisikigo nesimbi, nylon kana nylon. Kubva pakati pe-30s yezana ramakore rechiXNUMX, iyo dutar yave chikamu cheUzbek, Tajik neTurkmen orchestra yezviridzwa zvevanhu.

History

Pakati pezviwanwa zvokuchera matongo zveguta rekare rePersia raMaria, chifananidzo che“bakhshi inodzungaira” chakawanikwa. Yakatangira muzana ramakore rechi XNUMX, uye mune rimwe gwaro rekare pane mufananidzo wemusikana ari kutamba dutar.

Pane ruzivo rudiki, kunyanya akatorwa kubva kungano dzekumabvazuva - dastans, idzo dziri ngano kugadzirisa ngano kana heroic ngano. Zviitiko zviri mavari zvakati kuwedzeredza, mavara anotariswa.

Hapana kana zororo rimwechete kana chiitiko chakayeresa chaigona kuita pasina bakhshi, kuimba kwake uye ruzha rwerudo rwedutar.

Kubva panguva dzekare, bakhshis vanga vasiri maartist chete, asiwo masvikiro uye varapi. Zvinotendwa kuti hunyanzvi hwekuita hwemuiti hwakabatana nekunyudzwa kwake muhope.

kushandisa

Kutenda kune ruzha rwayo runoshamisa, dutar inotora imwe yenzvimbo dzekutanga dzerukudzo mutsika dzetsika dzevanhu veCentral Asia. The repertoire yakasiyana-siyana - kubva kumitambo midiki yemazuva ose kusvika kumadastan makuru. Inoshandiswa senge solo, ensemble uye kuimba inoperekedza chiridzwa. Inoridzwa nevaimbi vane hunyanzvi uye vanoita zvemitambo. Uyezve, varume nevakadzi vanobvumirwa kutamba.