Tamara Ilyinichna Sinyavskaya |

Tamara Sinyavskaya

Spring 1964. Mushure mekuzorora kwenguva refu, makwikwi akaziviswa zvakare kuti apiwe muboka revadzidzi paBolshoi Theatre. Uye, sekunge pane cue, vakapedza kudzidza veConservatory uye Gnessins, maartist kubva kunharaunda akadurura muno - vazhinji vaida kuyedza simba ravo. Vaimbi veBolshoi Theatre, vachidzivirira kodzero yavo yekuramba vari muboka reBolshoi Theatre, vaifanirawo kukunda makwikwi.

Mazuva aya nhare yemuhofisi mangu haina kumira kurira. Wese ane chekuita nekuimba chete anodaidzwa, uye kunyangwe nevasina chekuita nazvo. Shamwari dzekare mutheater dzakadaidza, kubva kuConservatory, kubva kuBazi reTsika… Vakakumbira kurekodha kuti vaongororwe ichi kana icho, mukufunga kwavo, tarenda rakanga richinyangarika murima. Ini ndinoteerera uye ndinopindura zvisina kujeka: zvakanaka, vanoti, tumira!

Uye vazhinji veavo vakafona zuva iroro vaitaura nezvemusikana wechidiki, Tamara Sinyavskaya. Ndakateerera kuPeople's Artist yeRSFSR ED Kruglikova, mutungamiriri wenyanzvi wenziyo yemapiyona nekutamba ensemble VS Loktev nemamwe manzwi, handichayeuki izvozvi. Vose vakavimbisa kuti Tamara, kunyange zvazvo asina kudzidza kubva kuConservatory, asi kubva kuchikoro chemimhanzi, asi, vanoti, akakodzera chaizvo kuBolshoi Theater.

Kana munhu ane varevereri vakawandisa, zvinotyisa. Pamwe ane tarenda chairo, kana munyengeri akakwanisa kuunganidza hama dzake dzese neshamwari kuti "vasundire". Kutaura chokwadi, dzimwe nguva zvinoitika mubhizinesi redu. Nerusaruro rwakati, ndinotora magwaro acho ndokuverenga: Tamara Sinyavskaya izita rinozivikanwa zvikuru nokuda kwemitambo kupfuura unyanzvi hwemanzwi. Akapedza chikoro chemimhanzi paMoscow Conservatory mukirasi yemudzidzisi OP Pomerantseva. Zvakanaka, ikurudziro yakanaka. Pomerantseva mudzidzisi anozivikanwa. Musikana ane makore makumi maviri… Haasi mudiki here? Zvisinei, ngationei!

Pazuva rakatarwa, kuongororwa kwevanoda kukwikwidza kwakatanga. Mutungamiriri mukuru weiyo theatre EF Svetlanov akatungamira. Takateerera munhu wese zvine demokrasi, regai vaimbe kusvika kumagumo, havana kukanganisa vaimbi kuti varege kuvakuvadza. Uye saka ivo, varombo, vakanetseka kupfuura zvakafanira. Yakasvika nguva yaSinyavskaya kuti ataure. Paakasvika papiyano, vanhu vose vakatarisana ndokunyemwerera. Kuzevezera kwakatanga: "Nokukurumidza tichatanga kutora maartist kubva kukireshi!" ane makore makumi maviri okuberekwa debutante airatidzika mudiki. Tamara akaimba rwiyo rwaVanya kubva muopera "Ivan Susanin": "Bhiza rerombo rakawira mumunda." Inzwi - contralto kana yakaderera mezzo-soprano - yainzwika zvinyoro, lyrical, kunyangwe, ndingati, neimwe mhando yemanzwiro. Muimbi aive pachena ari pabasa remukomana ari kure uyo akanyevera mauto eRussia nezvekusvika kwemuvengi. Munhu wose akaifarira, uye musikana wacho akabvumirwa kusvika kune yechipiri.

Chikamu chechipiri chakafambawo zvakanaka kuna Sinyavskaya, kunyange zvazvo repertoire yake yakanga yakashata zvikuru. Ndinoyeuka kuti akaita zvaakanga agadzirira nokuda kwekonzati yake yokupedza kudzidza pachikoro. Kwakange zvino kwave neround rechitatu, iro raiedza kuti inzwi remuimbi wacho rinonzwika sei nevaimbi. “Mweya wakavhurika seruva mambakwedza,” Sinyavskaya akaimba rwiyo rwaDhelilah kubva mumuimbi weSaint-Saens Samson naDelilah, uye inzwi rake rakanaka rakazadza horo huru yeimba yemitambo, richipinda mumakona ari kure zvikuru. Zvakava pachena kune wese kuti uyu muimbi anovimbisa anoda kuendeswa kuimba yemitambo. Uye Tamara anova mudzidzi paBolshoi Theatre.

Hupenyu hutsva hwakatanga, uhwo musikana airota. Akatanga kuimba achiri mangwanani (sezviri pachena, akagara nhaka inzwi rakanaka uye rudo rwekuimba kubva kuna amai vake). Aiimba kwose kwose - kuchikoro, kumba, mumugwagwa, inzwi rake rinotyisa rainzwika kwose kwose. Vakuru vakakurudzira musikana wacho kunyoresa mumubatanidzwa wenziyo roupiyona.

MuMoscow House of Pioneers, mukuru wesangano, VS Loktev, akakwevera kutarisa kumusikana uye akamuchengeta. Pakutanga, Tamara aiva nesoprano, aifarira kuimba nziyo huru dze<em>coloratura, asi nokukurumidza munhu wose aiva muboka racho akacherechedza kuti inzwi rake rakanga richidzika zvishoma nezvishoma, uye pakupedzisira Tamara akaimba alto. Asi izvi hazvina kumutadzisa kuramba achibatanidzwa mucoloratura. Achiri kutaura kuti anoimba kazhinji pane arias yeVioletta kana Rosina.

Hupenyu hwakabva hwabatanidza Tamara nechikuva. Kurerwa asina baba, akaedza nepaaigona napo kubatsira amai vake. Achibatsirwa nevakuru, akakwanisa kuwana basa muboka remimhanzi reMaly Theatre. Kwaya paMaly Theatre, semumitambo yese yemitambo, kazhinji inoimba kumashure uye inongotora nhanho apo neapo. Tamara akatanga kuonekwa kuvanhu mumutambo we "The Living Corpse", kwaakaimba muboka remagypsies.

Zvishoma nezvishoma, zvakavanzika zvemutambi wemhizha mupfungwa yakanaka yezwi zvakanzwisiswa. Sezvingatarisirwa, saka, Tamara akapinda Bolshoi Theater sokunge aiva kumba. Asi mumba, izvo zvinoita zvido zvayo pane inouya. Kunyange apo Sinyavskaya akadzidza pachikoro chemimhanzi, iye, chokwadi, akarota kushanda mune opera. Opera, mukunzwisisa kwake, yakabatanidzwa neBolshoi Theater, apo vaimbi vakanakisisa, vaimbi vakanakisisa uye, kazhinji, zvose zvakanakisisa. Mune halo yekubwinya, isingasviki kune vakawanda, temberi yakanaka uye isinganzwisisiki yeunyanzvi - iyi ndiyo nzira yaaifunga nayo Bolshoi Theater. Paakangopinda, akaedza nesimba rake rose kuti ave akakodzera kukudzwa akaratidzwa.

Tamara haana kupotsa kudzokorora kumwe chete, kana kuita kumwe chete. Ndakanyatsotarisa basa revatungamiri vanotungamirira, ndakaedza kubata nemusoro mutambo wavo, inzwi, ruzha rwezvinyorwa zvega, kuitira kuti kumba, zvichida mazana enguva, kudzokorora mamwe mafambiro, izvi kana kuti izwi modulation, uye kwete kungokopa, asi. edza kutsvaga chimwe chinhu changu.

Mumazuva apo Sinyavskaya akapinda muboka revadzidzi paBolshoi Theater, La Scala Theatre yakanga ichishanya. Uye Tamara akaedza kusapotsa mutambo mumwe chete, kunyanya kana mezzo-sopranos ane mukurumbira - Semionata kana Kassoto akaita (uku ndiko kuperetera mubhuku raOrfyonov - prim. row.).

Tese takaona kushingaira kwemusikana wechidiki, kuzvipira kwake kune unyanzvi hwezwi uye tisingazivi kuti tingamukurudzira sei. Asi nenguva isipi mukana wakavapo. Takapiwa kuti tiratidze paterevhizheni yeMoscow vaviri vaimbi - mudiki, vanonyanya kutanga, mumwe kubva kuBolshoi Theatre uye mumwe kubva kuLa Scala.

Mushure mekutaurirana nehutungamiri hweMilan yemitambo, vakasarudza kuratidza Tamara Sinyavskaya uye muimbi weItaly Margarita Guglielmi. Vose vari vaviri vakanga vasati vaimba muimba yemitambo. Vose vari vaviri vakayambuka chikumbaridzo mune unyanzvi kekutanga.

Ndakaita rombo rakanaka rekumiririra vaimbi vaviri ava paterevhizheni. Sezvandinorangarira, ndakati iye zvino tose tiri kuona kuberekwa kwemazita matsva muunyanzvi hweopera. Mitambo pamberi pemamiriyoni akawanda evateereri veterevhizheni yakabudirira, uye kune vaimbi vaduku nhasi, ndinofunga, vachayeukwa kwenguva refu.

Kubva panguva yaakapinda muboka revadzidzi, Tamara neimwe nzira akabva angove mudiwa wechikwata chese chemitambo. Chii chakaita basa pano hachizivikanwi, angave musikana aifara, ane hukama, kana wechidiki, kana kuti munhu wose akamuona senyeredzi yeramangwana panzvimbo yemitambo, asi munhu wose akatevera kukura kwake nechido.

Basa rekutanga raTamara raive Peji muVerdi's opera Rigoletto. Basa rechirume repeji rinowanzoitwa nemukadzi. Mumutauro wemitambo, basa rakadaro rinonzi "travesty", kubva kuItaly "travestre" - kuchinja zvipfeko.

Tichitarisa Sinyavskaya mubasa rePeji, takafunga kuti zvino tinogona kugadzikana pamusoro pemabasa echirume anoitwa nevakadzi mumitambo: ava ndiVanya (Ivan Susanin), Ratmir (Ruslan naLyudmila), Lel (The Snow Maiden. ), Fedor ("Boris Godunov"). Nzvimbo yemitambo yakawana nyanzvi yekuridza zvikamu izvi. Uye ivo, mapato aya, akaoma zvikuru. Vatambi vanosungirwa kutamba nekuimba nenzira yekuti muoni asafembera kuti mukadzi ari kuimba. Izvi ndizvo chaizvo zvakaitwa naTamara kubva pamatanho ekutanga. Peji yake yaive mukomana aiyevedza.

Basa rechipiri raTamara Sinyavskaya raiva Hay Maiden muRimsky-Korsakov opera The Tsar's Bride. Basa racho idiki, angori mazwi mashoma: “Mukomana, mwanasikana wamambo amuka,” anoimba, uye ndizvozvo. Asi zvinodikanwa kuti uoneke pachikuva nenguva uye nekukurumidza, ita mutsara wako wemimhanzi, sekunge uchipinda pamwe neiyo orchestra, uye kutiza. Uye ita zvose izvi kuitira kuti chitarisiko chako chionekwe nemuoni. Munzvimbo yemitambo, muchidimbu, hapana mabasa echipiri. Zvakakosha kuti kutamba sei, kuimba. Uye zvinoenderana nemutambi. Uye kuna Tamara panguva iyoyo zvakanga zvisina basa basa - guru kana diki. Chinhu chikuru ndechekuti akaita pachikuva cheBolshoi Theatre - mushure mezvose, ichi chaiva chiroto chake chaaida. Kunyange nokuda kwebasa duku, akagadzirira zvakakwana. Uye, ndinofanira kutaura, ndakawana zvakawanda.

Yave nguva yekushanya. Bolshoi Theatre yaizoenda kuItaly. Vaimbi vaitungamira vaive vogadzirira kuenda. Zvakaitika kuti vose vaimbi vechikamu cheOlga muEugene Onegin vaifanira kuenda kuMilan, uye mutambi mutsva aifanira kukurumidza kugadzirira kuita panhandare yeMoscow. Ndiani achaimba chikamu chaOlga? Takafunga uye takafunga uye takasarudza: Tamara Sinyavskaya.

Bato raOlga harisisiri mazwi maviri. Mitambo yakawanda, kuimba kwakawanda. Basa racho rakakura, asi nguva yekugadzirira ipfupi. Asi Tamara haana kuora mwoyo: akatamba uye akaimba Olga zvakanaka kwazvo. Uye kwemakore akawanda akava mumwe wevanonyanya kuita basa iri.

Achitaura nezvemutambo wake wekutanga saOlga, Tamara anoyeuka kushushikana kwaaiita asati aenda pachikuva, asi mushure mekutarisa mumwe wake - uye mudiwa wacho aive tenor Virgilius Noreika, muimbi weVilnius Opera, akadzikama. Zvakaratidza kuti naiyewo ainetsekana. “Ini,” akadaro Tamara, “ndakafunga kuti ndingadzikama sei kana vaiti vane ruzivo rwokuzviwanira vakadaro vachinetseka!”

Asi ichi chiitiko chakanaka chekugadzira, hapana muimbi chaiye anogona kuita pasina iyo. Chaliapin naNezhdanova vainetsekawo vasati vaenda pachikuva. Uye muimbi wedu wechidiki anofanirwa kunetseka zvakanyanya uye kazhinji, sezvo ari kuwedzera kubatanidzwa mukuita.

Opera yaGlinka "Ruslan naLyudmila" yakanga ichigadzirirwa kuratidzwa. Paive nevaviri vaikwikwidza pachinzvimbo che "mudiki Khazar Khan Ratmir", asi vese vari vaviri havana kunyatsoenderana nepfungwa yedu yemufananidzo uyu. Ipapo vatungamiriri - conductor BE Khaikin uye mutungamiriri RV Zakharov - vakasarudza kutora njodzi yekupa basa kuna Sinyavskaya. Uye vakanga vasina kukanganisa, kunyange zvazvo vaifanira kushanda nesimba. Kuita kwaTamara kwakafamba zvakanaka – inzwi rake rakadzama repachipfuva, muviri mutete, hudiki uye manyawi zvakaita kuti Ratmir anakidze zvikuru. Zvechokwadi, pakutanga pakanga pane chimwe chikanganiso mudivi rezwi rechikamu: mamwe manotsi epamusoro akanga achiri neimwe nzira "akakandwa kumashure". Basa rakawanda raidiwa pabasa racho.

Tamara pachake ainyatsonzwisisa izvi. Zvinogoneka kuti panguva iyoyo aive nepfungwa yekupinda muInstitute, yaakazoziva gare gare. Asi zvakadaro, kubudirira kweSinyavskaya mubasa reRatmir kwakakonzera ramangwana rake. Akatamiswa kubva kuboka revadzidzi kuenda kuvashandi vemitambo yemitambo, uye nhoroondo yemabasa yakatemerwa kwaari, iyo kubva zuva iroro yakava shamwari dzake dzenguva dzose.

Takatotaura kuti Bolshoi Theatre yakaronga Benjamin Britten's opera A Midsummer Night's Dream. Muscovites aitoziva opera iyi yakaitwa naKomishet Oper, theatre yeGerman Democratic Republic. Chikamu cheOberon - mambo weelves mairi anoitwa nebaritone. Munyika yedu, basa reOberon rakapiwa kuna Sinyavskaya, mezzo-soprano yakaderera.

Mune opera yakavakirwa pachirongwa cheShakespeare, kune mhizha, vanoda-magamba Helen naHermia, Lysander naDhemetrius, fabulous elves uye dwarves inotungamirwa namambo wavo Oberon. Scenery - matombo, mapopoma, maruva emashiripiti nemishonga - yakazadza nhanho, ichigadzira mamiriro akanakisa ekuita.

Maererano nekomedhi yaShakespeare, kufema kunhuhwirira kwemiti nemaruva, unogona kuda kana kuvenga. Kutora mukana wechinhu ichi chinoshamisa, mambo weElves Oberon anokurudzira mambokadzi Titania nerudo rwembongoro. Asi dhongi ndiro Spool mhizha, ane musoro wembongoro chete, uye iye pachake ane moyo, ane njere, ane unyanzvi.

Kuita kwese kwakareruka, kunofadza, nemimhanzi yepakutanga, kunyangwe zvisiri nyore kurangarira nevaimbi. Vatambi vatatu vakagadzwa kuti vaite basa reOberon: E. Obraztsova, T. Sinyavskaya naG. Koroleva. Mumwe nemumwe aiita basa nenzira yake. Aive makwikwi akanaka evatatu vechikadzi vaiimba vakabudirira kubata nechikamu chakaoma.

Tamara akasarudza pamusoro pebasa reOberon nenzira yake. Haana kufanana naObraztsova kana Mambokadzi. Mambo wemaelves ndewekutanga, haashamisi, anodada uye ane caustic zvishoma, asi kwete kutsiva. Iye museki. Nemanomano uye nehutsinye anoruka mazano ake muumambo hwesango. Pamutambo wekutanga, wakacherechedzwa nevezvenhau, Tamara akafadza munhu wese neruzha rwakapfava rweinzwi rake rakaderera, rakanaka.

Kazhinji, pfungwa yehunyanzvi hwepamusoro inosiyanisa Sinyavskaya pakati pevezera rake. Zvichida anazvo mukuzvarwa, kana kuti akazvirera mukati make, achinzwisisa mutoro kune yake yaanofarira yemitambo, asi ichokwadi. Kangani hunyanzvi hwakauya kununura yetiyeta munguva dzakaoma. Kaviri mumwaka mumwe, Tamara aifanira kuisa pangozi, achitamba muzvikamu izvo, kunyange zvazvo akanga "achinzwa", akanga asingazvizivi zvakanaka.

Saka, impromptu, akaita mabasa maviri mune opera yaVano Muradeli "Gumiguru" - Natasha uye the Countess. Mabasa acho akasiyana, akatopesana. Natasha musikana kubva kuPutilov fekitari, uko Vladimir Ilyich Lenin akavanda kubva kumapurisa. Iye mutori wechikamu anoshingaira mukugadzirira kwechimurenga. The countess muvengi we revolution, munhu anokurudzira White Guards kuuraya Ilyich.

Kuimba mabasa aya muchitambo chimwe chete kunoda tarenda rekuedzesera. Uye Tamara anoimba uye anotamba. Heunoi - Natasha, anoimba rwiyo rwevanhu vekuRussia "Kuburikidza nemakore ebhuruu ari kutenderera mudenga", achida kuti mutambi wacho afeme zvakanyanya uye aimbe cantilena yeRussia, uyezve anotamba nekutamba dhanzi rekwere pamuchato we impromptu waLena uye. Ilyusha (vatambi veopera). Uye mushure menguva pfupi tinomuona sa Countess - mukadzi akaneta wevanhu vepamusoro, ane chikamu chekuimba chakavakirwa pane yekare salon tangos uye hafu-gypsy hysterical romances. Zvinoshamisa kuti muimbi ane makore makumi maviri okuberekwa aive nehunyanzvi hwekuita zvese izvi. Iyi ndiyo yatinoti professionalism in musical theatre.

Panguva imwe chete nekuzadzikiswa kweiyo repertoire nemabasa ane mutoro, Tamara achiri kupihwa zvimwe zvikamu zvechinzvimbo chechipiri. Rimwe remabasa aya raive Dunyasha muRimsky-Korsakov's The Tsar's Bride, shamwari yaMarfa Sobakina, mwenga waTsar. Dunyasha ngaavewo ari mudiki, akanaka – mushure mezvose, hazvisati zvazivikanwa kuti ndiani pavasikana vachasarudzwa namambo pamuroora kuti ave mukadzi wake.

Mukuwedzera kuna Dunyasha, Sinyavskaya akaimba Flora muLa Traviata, uye Vanya mu opera Ivan Susanin, uye Konchakovna muna Prince Igor. Mumutambo "Hondo uye Rugare" akaita zvikamu zviviri: magypsies Matryosha uye Sonya. MuQueen of Spades, kusvika parizvino akatamba Milovzor uye aive anotapira, ane nyasha munyoro, achiimba chikamu ichi zvakakwana.

Nyamavhuvhu 1967 Bolshoi Theatre muCanada, paWorld Exhibition EXPO-67. Mitambo inotevera imwe mushure meimwe: "Muchinda Igor", "Hondo uye Rugare", "Boris Godunov", "The Legend of the Invisible City of Kitezh", etc. Guta guru reCanada, Montreal, rinogamuchira nechido maSoviet artists. Kwenguva yokutanga, Tamara Sinyavskaya anoenda kunze kwenyika nemitambo. Iye, kufanana nevanyori vakawanda, anofanira kutamba mabasa akawanda manheru. Chokwadi, mune akawanda operas vanenge makumi mashanu vatambi vanoshandirwa, uye chete makumi matatu nevashanu vatambi vakaenda. Apa ndipo paunofanira kubuda neimwe nzira.

Pano, tarenda raSinyavskaya rakauya mukutamba kwakazara. Mumutambo "Hondo uye Rugare" Tamara anotamba mabasa matatu. Uyu ndiye gypsy Matryosha. Anoonekwa pachikuva kwemaminitsi mashoma, asi anooneka sei! Akanaka, ane nyasha - mwanasikana chaiye we steppes. Uye mushure memifananidzo mishomanana anotamba musikana wekare Mavra Kuzminichna, uye pakati pemabasa maviri aya - Sonya. Ndinofanira kutaura kuti vazhinji vanoita basa raNatasha Rostova havadi chaizvo kuita naSinyavskaya. Sonya wake akanyanya kunaka, uye zvakaoma kuti Natasha ave akanaka kwazvo, anonyanya kufadza mumutambo webhora pedyo naye.

Ndinoda kugara pamusoro pekuita kwebasa reSinyavskaya raTsarevich Fedor, mwanakomana waBoris Godunov.

Basa iri rinoita serakagadzirirwa Tamara. Rega Fedor mukuita kwake ave wechikadzi kupfuura, semuenzaniso, Glasha Koroleva, uyo anoongorora akadana akakodzera Fedor. Zvisinei, Sinyavskaya inogadzira mufananidzo wakaisvonaka wejaya rinofarira kuguma kwenyika yake, kudzidza sayenzi, kugadzirira kutonga nyika. Akachena, ane ushingi, uye munzvimbo yekufa kwaBoris akavhiringidzika zvechokwadi semwana. Iwe unovimba naye Fedor. Uye ichi ndicho chinhu chikuru kune muiti - kuita kuti muteereri atende mumufananidzo waanogadzira.

Zvakatora muimbi nguva yakawanda kuti agadzire mifananidzo miviri - mudzimai weCommissar Masha muMolchanov's opera The Unknown Soldier uye Commissar muKholminov's Optimistic Tragedy.

Mufananidzo wemukadzi wacommissar unonyima. Masha Sinyavskaya anoti zvakanaka kumurume wake uye anoziva kuti nokusingaperi. Kana iwe ukaona izvi zvisingatarisirwi zvichibhururuka, semapapiro eshiri akatyoka, maoko aSinyavskaya, waizonzwa izvo mukadzi weSoviet patriot, akaitwa nenyanzvi ine tarenda, ari kuitika panguva ino.

Basa reCommissar mu "The Optimistic Tragedy" rinonyanya kuzivikanwa kubva mumitambo yemitambo yemitambo. Zvisinei, mune opera, basa iri rinoratidzika zvakasiyana. Ndaifanira kuteerera Optimistic Tragedy kakawanda mudzimba dzakawanda dzeopera. Mumwe nomumwe wavo anozviisa nenzira yake, uye, mukuona kwangu, kwete nguva dzose kubudirira.

MuLeningrad, semuenzaniso, inouya nenhamba shoma yemabhengi. Asi nerumwe rutivi, kune akawanda akareba uye akanyatso operatic ariose nguva. Bolshoi Theatre yakatora shanduro yakasiyana, yakanyanyisa kuzvidzora, yakapfupika uye panguva imwechete ichibvumira vanyori kuti varatidze mano avo zvakanyanya.

Sinyavskaya akagadzira mufananidzo weCommissar pamwe chete nevamwe vaviri vanoita basa iri - People's Artist yeRSFSR LI Avdeeva uye People's Artist yeUSSR IK Arkhipov. Rukudzo kumuimbi anotanga basa rake kuti ave padanho nezvinopenya zvechiitiko. Asi kune chikwereti chevanyori vedu veSoviet, zvinofanira kutaurwa kuti LI Avdeeva, uye kunyanya Arkhipov, akabatsira Tamara kupinda mubasa nenzira dzakawanda.

Nekuchenjerera, pasina kumanikidza chero chinhu chake, Irina Konstantinovna, semudzidzisi ane ruzivo, zvishoma nezvishoma uye nguva dzose akazivisa kwaari zvakavanzika zvekuita.

Chikamu cheCommissar chakanga chakaoma kuna Sinyavskaya. Nzira yekupinda sei mumufananidzo uyu? Nzira yekuratidza sei rudzi rwevashandi vezvematongerwo enyika, mukadzi akatumwa nerevolution kune zvikepe, kupi kuti awane mazwi anodiwa mukukurukurirana nevafambisi vezvikepe, neanarchists, nemukuru wechikepe - aimbova tsarist mukuru? Oh, vangani veiyi "sei?". Mukuwedzera, chikamu chacho chakanyorwa kwete che contralto, asi chepamusoro mezzo-soprano. Tamara panguva iyoyo akanga asati anyatsogona kunyora nepamusoro pezwi rake panguva iyoyo. Zviri muropa kuti pakudzokorora kwekutanga uye kuita kwekutanga kwaive nekuodzwa mwoyo, asi kwaivewo nekubudirira kwaipupurira kugona kwemuimbi kujaira basa iri.

Nguva yafamba zvayo. Tamara, sezvavanotaura, "akaimba" uye "akatamba" mubasa reCommissar uye anozviita nekubudirira. Uye akatopihwa mubairo wakakosha pazviri pamwe chete nevamwe vake mumutambo uyu.

Muzhizha ra1968, Sinyavskaya akashanyira Bulgaria kaviri. Kekutanga akatora chikamu mumutambo weVarna Summer. Muguta reVarna, mumhepo yakazaruka, yakazara nekunhuhwirira kwemaruva negungwa, imba yemitambo yakavakwa apo mauto e opera, achikwikwidzana, anoratidza unyanzvi hwavo muzhizha.

Panguva ino vose vatori vechikamu chemutambo "Prince Igor" vakakokwa kubva kuSoviet Union. Tamara akaita basa reKonchakovna pamutambo uyu. Aitaridzika zvakanaka: chipfeko chekuAsia chemwanasikana akapfuma weKhan Konchak ... mavara, mavara ... uye inzwi rake - mezzo-soprano yakanaka yemuimbi mune yakadhirowewa-out slow cavatina ("Daylight Fades"), achipesana ne kumashure kwemanheru anopisa ekumaodzanyemba - anongonakidza.

Kechipiri, Tamara akanga ari kuBulgaria pamakwikwi eIX ​​World Festival of Youth and Students mukuimba kwechinyakare, kwaakahwina menduru yake yekutanga yegoridhe semubairo.

Kubudirira kwekuita muBulgaria kwaive kuchinja munzira yekusika yeSinyavskaya. Kuita pamutambo weIX kwaiva kutanga kwemakwikwi akasiyana-siyana. Saka, muna 1969, pamwe chete naPiavko naOgrenich, akatumirwa neUshumiri hweTsika kune International Vocal Competition, iyo yakaitirwa muguta reVerviers (Belgium). Ikoko, muimbi wedu akanga ari chidhori chevanhu vose, akakunda mibayiro yose mikuru - Grand Prix, menduru yegoridhe yemubairo uye mubairo unokosha wehurumende yeBelgian, wakagadzirirwa muimbi wepamusoro - mukundi wemakwikwi.

Kuita kwaTamara Sinyavskaya hakuna kupfuura nekutariswa kwevaongorori vemimhanzi. Ini ndichapa imwe yeongororo inoratidza kuimba kwake. “Hapana kana ruzvidzo rumwechete rungaunzwa pamuimbi wekuMoscow, ane rimwe remanzwi anoyevedza atakanzwa munguva pfupi yapfuura. Inzwi rake, rinopenya zvakasarudzika mumutimu, richiyerera zviri nyore uye zvakasununguka, rinopupurira chikoro chakanaka chekuimba. Nemimhanzi isingawanzo uye nekunzwa kukuru, akaita seguidille kubva kuopera Carmen, nepo mataurirwo ake echiFrench aive akanaka. Akabva aratidza kuita zvakasiyana-siyana uye mimhanzi yakapfuma muVanya's aria kubva kuna Ivan Susanin. Uye pakupedzisira, nekukunda kwechokwadi, akaimba rudo rwaTchaikovsky "Night".

Mugore iroro, Sinyavskaya akaita dzimwe nzendo mbiri, asi atova chikamu Bolshoi Theater - Berlin uye Paris. MuBerlin, akaita semudzimai weCommissar (Murwi Asingazivikanwi) uye Olga (Eugene Onegin), uye muParis akaimba mabasa aOlga, Fyodor (Boris Godunov) uye Konchakovna.

Mapepanhau eParis ainyatsongwarira paaiongorora zvaiitwa nevaimbi vechiduku veSoviet. Vakanyora nechido nezveSinyavskaya, Obraztsova, Atlantov, Mazurok, Milashkina. Iwo epithets "inofadza", "izwi rinotyisa", "inotyisa mezzo" yakanaya kubva pamapeji emapepanhau kuenda kuna Tamara. Pepanhau rinonzi Le Monde rakanyora kuti: “T. Sinyavskaya - the temperamental Konchakovna - inomutsa matiri zviratidzo zvekuMabvazuva zvisinganzwisisike nezwi rake rakanaka, rinonakidza, uye zvinova pachena kuti nei Vladimir asingakwanisi kumudzivisa.

Mufaro wakadini pazera ramakore makumi maviri namatanhatu kugamuchira kuzivikanwa kwomuimbi wekirasi yakakwirira! Ndiani asinganzwe dzungu kubva pakubudirira nekurumbidzwa? Unogona kuzivikanwa. Asi Tamara akanzwisisa kuti yakanga ichiri kare zvikuru kuti azvitutumadze, uye kazhinji, kuzvikudza kwakanga kusina kukodzera mutambi weSoviet. Kuzvininipisa uye kuenderera mberi nekudzidza - ndizvo zvakanyanya kukosha kwaari iye zvino.

Kuti avandudze hunyanzvi hwake hwekuita, kuitira kuti agone kuomesesa kwese kwehunyanzvi hwezwi, Sinyavskaya, kumashure muna 1968, akapinda muAV Lunacharsky State Institute of Theatre Arts, dhipatimendi revatambi vemimhanzi.

Iwe unobvunza - sei kune iyi Institute, uye kwete kune Conservatory? Zvakaitika. Chekutanga, hapana dhipatimendi remanheru panzvimbo inochengeterwa zvinhu, uye Tamara aisakwanisa kurega kushanda muimba yemitambo. Chechipiri, paGITIS akawana mukana wekudzidza naProfesa DB Belyavskaya, mudzidzisi wezwi ane ruzivo, uyo akadzidzisa vaimbi vakawanda veBolshoi Theatre, kusanganisira muimbi anoshamisa EV Shumskaya.

Zvino, pakudzoka kubva kushanyo, Tamara aifanira kunyora bvunzo uye kupedza kosi yechikoro. Uye pamberi pekudzivirira diploma. Bvunzo rekupedza kudzidza kwaTamara raive kuita kwake paIV International Tchaikovsky Competition, uko iye, pamwe chete neane tarenda Elena Obraztsova, vakagamuchira mubairo wekutanga uye menduru yegoridhe. Mumwe muongorori wemagazini yeSoviet Music akanyora nezvaTamara kuti: “Ndiye muridzi wemezzo-soprano yakasiyana nedzimwe murunako nesimba, ine ruzha rukuru kwazvo rwemuchipfuva runooneka zvikuru pamanzwi echikadzi akaderera. Izvi ndizvo zvakabvumira muimbi kuti aite zvakakwana Vanya's aria kubva "Ivan Susanin", Ratmir kubva "Ruslan naLyudmila" uye arioso yeHondo kubva kuP. Tchaikovsky's cantata "Moscow". Iyo seguidilla kubva kuCarmen naJoanna's aria kubva kuTchaikovsky's Maid of Orleans yakanzwika seyakajeka. Kunyange zvazvo tarenda raSinyavskaya risingagoni kunzi rakakura zvakakwana (iye achiri kushaya kuenzana mukuita, kukwana mukupedzisa kwemabasa), anokwezva nekudziya kukuru, manzwiro akajeka uye kusununguka, izvo zvinogara zvichiwana nzira yakarurama kumwoyo yevateereri. Kubudirira kweSinyavskaya pamakwikwi ... kunogona kunzi kukunda, izvo, zvechokwadi, zvakafambiswa nerunako runofadza rwehuduku. Uyezve, muongorori, ane hanya nekuchengetedzwa kwezwi risingawanzoitiki raSinyavskaya, anonyevera kuti: “Kunyange zvakadaro, zvakakosha kunyevera muimbi iye zvino: sezvinoratidzwa nenhoroondo, manzwi emhando iyi anopera nokukurumidza, anorasikirwa nehupfumi hwavo, kana varidzi vanovabata nehanya isina kukwana uye havatevedzere kusimba kwekutaura uye mararamiro. "

Gore rose ra1970 rakanga riri gore rebudiriro huru kuna Tamara. Tarenda yake yakazivikanwa munyika yake uye panguva dzenzendo dzekunze. "Nokuda kwekutora chikamu mukusimudzira mimhanzi yeRussia neSoviet" anopiwa mubairo weKomsomol komiti yeguta reMoscow. Ari kuita zvakanaka munhandare.

Apo Bolshoi Theatre yakanga ichigadzirira opera Semyon Kotko nokuda kwekuita, vatambi vaviri vakagadzwa kuti vaite basa raFrosya - Obraztsova naSinyavskaya. Mumwe nomumwe anosarudza mufananidzo nenzira yake, basa racho pacharo rinobvumira izvi.

Chokwadi ndechokuti basa iri harisi zvachose “opera” mupfungwa inogamuchirwa nevakawanda yeshoko racho, kunyange zvazvo mitambo yemazuva ano inoitirwa mitambo inovakirwa zvikurukuru pamisimboti imwe cheteyo inoratidzwa munhandare inoshamisira. Musiyano bedzi ndewokuti mutambi ari mumutambo anotamba uye anotaura, uye mutambi ari muopera anotamba uye anoimba, nguva imwe neimwe achichinjanisa inzwi rake kune iwawo mavara ezwi nerwiyo anofanira kuenderana neizvi kana kuti mufananidzo iwoyo. Ngatitii, somuenzaniso, muimbi anoimba chikamu chaCarmen. Izwi rake rine chido uye kuwedzera kwemusikana kubva kufekitari yefodya. Asi mufananidzo mumwe chete anoita chikamu chemufudzi murudo Lel mu "The Snow Maiden". Basa rakasiyana zvachose. Rimwe basa, rimwe izwi. Uye zvinoitikawo kuti, paanenge achitamba basa rimwe chete, muimbi anofanira kushandura ruvara rwezwi rake zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu - kuratidza kushungurudzika kana mufaro, nezvimwewo.

Tamara zvakasimba, nenzira yake pachake, akanzwisisa basa raFrosya, uye somugumisiro akawana mufananidzo wechokwadi wemusikana murombo. Pachiitiko ichi, kero yemuimbi yaive yakawanda zvirevo mumapepanhau. Ini ndichapa chinhu chimwe chete chinonyatso ratidza tarenda remuimbi: "Frosya-Sinyavskaya akafanana nemercury, isingazorore imp ... Anopenya chaizvo, achigara achimumanikidza kutevera antics ake. NeSinyavskaya, kutevedzera, kutamba kwekutamba kunoshanduka kuita nzira inoshanda yekuveza mufananidzo wedariro.

Basa raFrosya ndiro rombo idzva raTamara. Ichokwadi, basa rose rakagamuchirwa nevateereri uye rakapiwa mubayiro pamakwikwi akaitwa kuti vayeuke makore zana ekuzvarwa kwaVI Lenin.

Matsutso akasvika. Tour zvakare. Panguva ino Bolshoi Theatre iri kuenda kuJapan, kune World Exhibition EXPO-70. Ongororo shoma dzakauya kwatiri kubva kuJapan, asi kunyangwe iyi nhamba diki yeongororo inotaura nezvaTamara. MaJapan akayemura izwi rake rakapfuma zvinoshamisa, izvo zvakavapa mufaro mukuru.

Kudzoka kubva parwendo, Sinyavskaya anotanga kugadzirira basa idzva. Rimsky-Korsakov's opera Musikana wePskov ari kurongwa. Muchirevo cheiyi opera, inonzi Vera Sheloga, anoimba chikamu chaNadezhda, hanzvadzi yaVera Sheloga. Basa racho diki, laconic, asi kushanda kunopenya - vateereri vanoombera.

Mumwaka iwoyo, akamuitira mabasa maviri matsva: Polina muThe Queen of Spades uye Lyubava muSadko.

Kazhinji, kana uchitarisa inzwi re mezzo-soprano, muimbi anobvumirwa kuimba chikamu chePolina. MuPolina's aria-romance, huwandu hwezwi remuimbi hunofanira kuenzana nemaoctave maviri. Uye uku kusvetukira kumusoro uye kuzasi kunoti muA-flat kwakaomera chero muimbi.

Kuna Sinyavskaya, chikamu chaPolina chakanga chiri kukunda chipingamupinyi chakaoma, chaaisagona kukunda kwenguva yakareba. Panguva ino "chipingamupinyi chepfungwa" chakatorwa, asi muimbi wacho akadzika midzi pachiitiko chakakosha gare gare. Achiimba Polina, Tamara akatanga kufunga nezvezvimwe zvikamu zve mezzo-soprano repertoire: nezveLyubasha muTsar's Bride, Marita muKhovanshchina, Lyubava muSadko. Zvakaitika kuti ndiye akatanga kuimba Lyubava. Mutinhimira unosuruvarisa, une mutsindo wearia panguva yokuonekana naSadko unotsiviwa norwiyo rwomufaro, rukuru rwaTamara paanosangana naye. "Heuno hubby, tariro yangu yakanaka!" anoimba. Asi kunyangwe ichi chinoratidzika sechiRussia chaicho, bato rekuimba rine makomba aro. Pakupera kwemufananidzo wechina, muimbi anofanira kutora kumusoro A, iyo yezwi rakadai saTamara, chinyorwa chekuoma. Asi muimbi akakunda aya ose epamusoro maA, uye chikamu cheLyubava chiri kumufambira zvikuru. Achipa ongororo yebasa raSinyavskaya rine chokuita nokupiwa Mubayiro weMoscow Komsomol kwaari gore iroro, mapepanhau akanyora nezvenzwi rake kuti: “Kufara kwechido, kusingaverengeki, kupengereka uye panguva imwe cheteyo kuchikwidziridzwa nenzwi rakapfava, rinoputira, rinoputsika kubva pakadzika pemweya wemuimbi. Inzwi racho rakaoma uye rakapoteredza, uye rinoratidzika kuti rinogona kubatwa muzvanza, zvino rinorira, uye zvino rinotyisa kufamba, nokuti rinogona kuputsa mumhepo kubva kune chero kufamba kusina hanya.

Ini ndoda kuzopedzisira ndataura nezve hunokosha hunhu hwehunhu hwaTamara. Uku kushamwaridzana, kugona kusangana nekutadza nekunyemwerera, uyezve nehureme hwese, neimwe nzira zvisingaoneki kune wese munhu kurwisa. Kwemakore akati wandei akatevedzana, Tamara Sinyavskaya akasarudzwa semunyori wesangano reKomsomol reboka reOpera reBolshoi Theatre, aive mumiriri kuXV Congress yeKomsomol. Kazhinji, Tamara Sinyavskaya munhu ane upenyu, anonakidza, anofarira kuseka uye kukakavara. Uye anoseka sei pamusoro pekutenda mashura izvo vatambi vasingazive, hafu-kuseka, hafu-yakakomba pasi. Saka, muBelgium, pamakwikwi, anongoerekana awana nhamba yegumi nematatu. Nhamba iyi inozivikanwa se "zvisina rombo". Uye hapana angafara naye. Uye Tamara anoseka. “Hapana,” anodaro, “nhamba iyi ichandifadza.” Uye unofungei? Muimbi aitaura chokwadi. Grand Prix nemenduru yegoridhe zvakamuunzira nhamba yegumi nenhatu. Concert yake yekutanga ega yaive musi weMuvhuro! Irowo zuva rakaoma. Harisi rombo rakanaka! Uye anogara mufurati pauriri hwegumi nenhatu ... Asi haatendi zviratidzo zvaTamara. Anotenda mune yake rombo nyeredzi, anotenda tarenda rake, anotenda musimba rake. Nekushanda nguva dzose uye kutsungirira, anokunda nzvimbo yake mune unyanzvi.

Kwakabva: Orfenov A. Vechidiki, tariro, kubudirira. – M .: Young Guard, 1973. – p. 137-155.