Stepan Anikievich Degtyarev |
Stepan Degtyarev
… VaDekhtyarev vakaratidza nekutaura kwavo kuti vanogona kuisa zita ravo pamwe chete nevaimbi vanotungamira muEurope. G. Derzhavin (kubva pakuongorora)
Mudzidzisi wemakonzati, Stepan Degtyarev, nekuvapa makonti kune vasingazivi, anobvisa 5 rubles kubva pamuhoro ndokupa muimbi Chapov kuti azvizivise. N. Sheremetev (kubva kumirairo)
Mumwe wepanguva yaD. Bortnyansky, zera rakafanana naN. Karamzin, S. Degtyarev (kana kuti, sezvaakasaina iye pachake, Dekhtyarev) akatora nzvimbo yakakurumbira munhoroondo yemimhanzi yeRussia. Munyori wemakonsati akawanda ekwaya, akaderera, maererano nevemazuva ano, chete kumabasa aBortnyansky, musiki wekutanga weRussia oratorio, muturikiri uye mutsinhanisi wekutanga muRussia basa repasi rose pamimhanzi muhukuru hwayo (V. Manfredini's treatise ) - izvi ndizvo zvakakosha zveDegtyarev.
Muhupenyu hwake hupfupi, kunyanyisa kwakapokana - kukudzwa uye kunyadziswa, kushumira muses uye kushumira muridzi: aive serf. Semukomana, akatorwa kunze panguva yekutorwa kwevaimbi kubva mumusha weBorisovka, kure nemaguta makuru maviri, nyika yeSheremetevs, akapiwa dzidzo yakaisvonaka kune serf, achipa mukana, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, kupinda. hurukuro paYunivhesiti yeMoscow uye kudzidza mimhanzi nemukurumbira weEurope - J. Sarti, uyo, maererano nengano, akatora rwendo ruduku kuItaly kuti avandudze dzidzo.
Degtyarev kwaive kudada kweiyo yakakurumbira serf theatre uye Sheremetev chapel muzuva ravo rekutanga, vakapinda mumakonzati nemitambo semuimbi wekwaya, conductor uye mutambi, akaitwa mukutungamirira mabasa nemukurumbira Parasha Zhemchugova (Kovaleva), akadzidzisa kuimba, akazvigadzira zvake zvinyorwa. yekereke. Sezvo awana kubwinya kwakadaro uko hakuna mumwe wevaimbi veSerf akanga asvika, zvisinei, akawana mutoro wehutongi hwake hupenyu hwake hwose, sezvinopupurirwa nemirairo yeCount Sheremetev. Rusununguko rwakavimbiswa uye runotarisirwa kwemakore rwakapiwa neSeneti (sezvo mushure mekufa kwekuverenga magwaro anodiwa haana kuwanikwa) chete muna 1815 - 2 makore mushure mekufa kwaDegtyarev pachake.
Pari zvino, mazita emabhuku ekwaya anopfuura zana omunyori anozivikanwa, ayo anenge zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zvemabhuku acho akawanikwa (zvikurukuru ari manyoro). Kusiyana nemamiriro ezvinhu ehupenyu hwaDegtyarev, asi maererano neaesthetics iripo, rwiyo rukuru rwerwiyo runokunda mavari, kunyange, zvichida, nguva dzemashoko ekuchema dzinonyanya kufadza. Degtyarev's compoting style inokwevera kune classicist maitiro. Kureruka kukuru, kufunga uye kuenzana kwemafomu emabasa ake kunomutsa kushamwaridzana nevekuvaka ensembles yenguva iyoyo. Asi nekuzvidzora kose kuri mavari, kunzwa kunobata, kunofemerwa nekunzwira tsitsi, kunonzwikawo.
Basa rinonyanya kuzivikanwa remunyori - the oratorio "Minin naPozharsky, kana Rusununguko rweMoscow" (1811) - rakatora mafungiro ekumukira kwevanhu vakawanda, kubatana kwevanhu vose uye nenzira dzakawanda inodzokorora chiyeuchidzo chakakurumbira kuna K. Minin naD. Pozharsky I. Martos, iyo yakasikwa panguva imwe chete panzvimbo yeKrasnaya. Iye zvino kune rumutsiriro rwekufarira mubasa reDegtyarev, uye vazhinji, ndinofunga, havasati vawana tenzi uyu.
O. Zakharova
