Daniel Barenboim |

Daniel Barenboim

Zvino zvinowanzoitika kuti muimbi anozivikanwa kana muimbi, achitsvaga kuwedzera huwandu hwake, anotendeukira kukuita, achiiita basa rake rechipiri. Asi pane zviitiko zvishoma apo muimbi kubva paudiki anozviratidza panguva imwe chete munzvimbo dzinoverengeka. Mumwe anosiya ndiDaniel Barenboim. “Pandinoridza piyano,” anodaro, “ndinovavarira kuona orchestra mupiyano, uye pandinomira panzvimbo yokuridza piyano, kwandiri kwandinoita ochestra inoita sepiyano.” Chokwadi, zvakaoma kutaura izvo zvaanokwereta zvakanyanya zvekusimuka kwemeteoric uye mukurumbira wake wazvino.

Sezvingatarisirwa, piyano yakanga ichiripo isati yaridzwa. Vabereki, vadzidzisi pachavo (vakabva kuRussia), vakatanga kudzidzisa mwanakomana wavo kubva pazera remakore mashanu munharaunda yake yeBuenos Aires, kwaakatanga kuonekwa pachikuva pazera remakore manomwe. Uye muna 1952, Daniel akatotamba neMozarteum Orchestra muSalzburg, achiridza Bach's Concerto muD diki. Mukomana uyu aive nerombo rakanaka: akatorwa achichengetwa naEdwin Fischer, uyo akamuraira kuti atore kuitisa munzira. Kubvira muna 1956, muimbi aigara muLondon, nguva dzose aiitwa ikoko semupiyano, akaita nzendo dzakawanda, akagamuchira mibayiro D. Viotti uye A. Casella makwikwi muItaly. Munguva iyi, akatora zvidzidzo kubva kuna Igor Markovich, Josef Krips naNadia Boulanger, asi baba vake vakaramba vari mudzidzisi wepiyano kwaari kwehupenyu hwake hwose.

Kare mukutanga 60s, neimwe nzira isingaoneki, asi nekukurumidza, nyeredzi yaBarenboim yakatanga kusimuka pamhepo yemimhanzi. Anopa makonzati ese ari piano uye semutyairi, anorekodha akati wandei marekodhi, pakati pawo, chokwadika, ese mashanu emakonsati aBeethoven uye Fantasia yepiyano, kwaya uye orchestra akakwezva zvakanyanya. Chokwadi, kunyanya nekuti Otto Klemperer aive kumashure kwekoni. Rwakanga rwuri rukudzo rukuru kumuimbi wepiyano muduku, uye akaita chinhu chiri chose kuti atsungirire basa racho raitarisirwa. Asi zvakadaro, mukurekodha uku, hunhu hwaKlemperer, pfungwa dzake huru dzinotonga; muimbi ari oga, sezvakacherechedzwa nomumwe wevatsoropodzi, “aingogadzira tsono dzakachena bedzi.” "Hazvina kunyatsojeka kuti nei Klemperer aida piyano mukurekodha iyi," mumwe muongorori akaseka.

Mukutaura, muimbi wechidiki akanga achiri kure nekukura kwekusika. Zvakangodaro, vatsoropodzi vakapa mutero kwete chete kuhunyanzvi hwake hwakajeka, "parera" chairo, asiwo kune zvinorehwa uye kujekesa kwechirevo, kukosha kwepfungwa dzake. Dudziro yake yeMozart, nehukukutu hwayo, yakamutsa hunyanzvi hwaClara Haskil, uye hurume hwemutambo hwakamuita kuti aone akanakisa Beethovenist pamaonero. Munguva iyoyo (Ndira-Kukadzi 1965), Barenboim akaita rwendo rurefu, runenge mwedzi wakareba kutenderera USSR, yakaitwa muMoscow, Leningrad, Vilnius, Yalta nemamwe maguta. Akaita Beethoven's Third and Fifth Concertos, Brahms' First, mabasa makuru naBeethoven, Schumann, Schubert, Brahms, uye Chopin's miniatures. Asi zvakaitika kuti rwendo urwu rwakaenda pasina kucherechedzwa - ipapo Barenboim akange asati akakomberedzwa nerunyerekupe rwekubwinya ...

Ipapo basa raBarenboim rokuridza piyano rakatanga kudzikira. Kwemakore akati wandei akange asingatambe, achipa yakawanda yenguva yake kuitisa, akatungamira English Chamber Orchestra. Akakwanisa kupedzisa kwete chete pamutambo, asiwo pachiridzwa, aita, pakati pemamwe mabasa, anenge ese makonsati eMozart. Kubva pakutanga kwe70s, kuitisa uye kuridza piyano kwakatora nzvimbo yakaenzana mumabasa ake. Anotamba pamutambo wemaokestra akanakisa munyika, kwenguva yakati anotungamira Paris Symphony Orchestra uye, pamwe chete neizvi, anoshanda zvakanyanya semupiyano. Iye zvino aunganidza repertoire huru, kusanganisira zvose concertos uye sonatas Mozart, Beethoven, Brahms, akawanda mabasa Liszt, Mendelssohn, Chopin, Schumann. Ngatiwedzerei kuti akanga ari mumwe wevatambi vokutanga vokune dzimwe nyika veProkofiev's Ninth Sonata, akarekodha Concerto yaBeethoven's violin muurongwa hwepiyano yemunyori (iye pachake akanga achitungamirira orchestra).

Barenboim anogara achitamba semutambi akabatana naFischer-Dieskau, muimbi Baker, kwemakore akati wandei akatamba nemukadzi wake, cellist Jacqueline Dupré (uyo asiya nhanho nekuda kwehurwere), pamwe nevatatu naye uye violinist P. Zuckerman. Chiitiko chakakosha muhupenyu hwekonsati yeLondon yaive kutenderera kwemakonzati enhoroondo "Masterpieces ePiano Music" akapihwa naye kubva kuMozart kuenda kuLiszt (mwaka 1979/80). Zvose izvi zvakare uye zvakare zvinosimbisa mukurumbira wepamusoro wemuimbi. Asi panguva imwe chete, kuchine manzwiro eimwe rudzi rwekusagutsikana, kwemikana isina kushandiswa. Anoridza semuimbi akanaka uye mutambi wepiyano akanakisa, anofunga "semutyairi wepiyano", asi kuridza kwake kuchiri kushaya mweya, simba rekunyengetedza rinodiwa kune anoimba solo, hongu, kana ukaswedera pairi nechimuti. tarenda rinoshamisa remuimbi uyu rinoratidza. Zvinoita sekuti kunyange nhasi tarenda rake rinovimbisa vanoda mimhanzi kupfuura zvarinovapa, zvirinani mumunda wepiyano. Zvichida fungidziro iyi yakangosimbiswa nenharo nyowani mushure mekushanya kwemuimbi munguva pfupi yapfuura muUSSR, zvese nemapurogiramu ega uye kumusoro weParis Orchestra.

Grigoriev L., Platek Ya., 1990