Vladimir Ashkenazy (Vladimir Ashkenazy) |

Vladimir Ashkenazy

Kwemakumi mashanu emakore akanaka, Vladimir Ashkenazy anga ari mumwe weanoridza piyano ane mukurumbira wechizvarwa chake. Kukwira kwake kwakakurumidza, kunyange zvazvo kwakanga kusina matambudziko: pakanga pane nguva dzekusava nechokwadi kwekugadzira, kubudirira kwakachinjana nekukundikana. Uye zvakadaro ichokwadi: kare mukutanga 60s, vaongorori vakaswedera pakuongororwa kweunyanzvi hwake nemaitiro ainyanya kudiwa, kazhinji vachiaenzanisa nevanozivikanwa uye vanoremekedzwa vaaishanda navo. Saka, mumagazini inonzi “Soviet Music” munhu aigona kurava tsananguro inotevera yetsanangudzo yake ye“Mifananidzo paChiratidziro” naMussorgsky: “Kunzwika kwakafuridzirwa kwe“Mifananidzo” naS. Richter hakukanganwiki, dudziro yaL. Oborin inokosha uye zvinonakidza. V. Ashkenazy nenzira yake pachake anoratidza kuumbwa kwakajeka, anoiridza nekuzvidzora kwakanaka, kunoreva uye filigree kupedzisa kwemashoko. Nekuwanda kwemavara, kubatana uye kuvimbika kwepfungwa zvakachengetwa.

Pamapeji esaiti ino, makwikwi emimhanzi akasiyana anotaurwa nguva nenguva. Maiwe, zvinongori muropa - kunyangwe tichizvida kana kusada - kuti vave chishandiso chikuru chekusimudzira tarenda nhasi, uye, chaizvo, vaunza vazhinji vevatambi vane mukurumbira. Mamiriro ekugadzira eAshkenazi ane hunhu uye anoshamisa mune iyi nyaya: akakwanisa kubudirira kupfuudza crucible yevatatu, pamwe makwikwi ane chiremera uye akaoma enguva yedu. Mushure memubairo wechipiri muWarsaw (1955), akahwina mibairo yepamusoro-soro pamakwikwi eQueen Elisabeth muBrussels (1956) nemakwikwi ePI Tchaikovsky muMoscow (1962).

Tarenda inoshamisa yemimhanzi yeAshkenazi yakazviratidza kare kare, uye zviri pachena kuti yakabatanidzwa netsika dzemhuri. Baba vaVladimir mutambi wepiyano wepop David Ashkenazi, anozivikanwa zvakanyanya nanhasi muUSSR, tenzi wekirasi yekutanga yehunyanzvi hwake, ane hunhu hwagara huchimutsa kuyemura. Kugadzirira kwakanakisisa kwakawedzerwa kune nhaka, kutanga Vladimir akadzidza paCentral Music School nemudzidzisi Anaila Sumbatyan, uyezve kuMoscow Conservatory naPurofesa Lev Oborin. Kana tikayeuka kuti chirongwa chega chega chemakwikwi matatu chaaifanira kuita chakaoma uye chakapfuma sei, zvinova pachena kuti panguva yaakapedza kudzidza kubva kuimba yepiyano, mutambi wepiyano akanga ava nyanzvi yerepertoire yakafara zvikuru uye yakasiyana-siyana. Panguva iyoyo yekutanga, akasiyaniswa nehupenyu hwese hwekuita zvishuwo (izvo zvisiri zvishoma). Chero zvazvingaitika, mazwi aChopin akanyatso kusanganiswa nekutaura kweProkofiev's sonatas. Uye mukududzirwa chero kupi zvako, hunhu hwemupiyano wechidiki airatidza nguva dzose: kuputika kwekukurumidza, kurerukirwa uye convexity yemashoko, pfungwa yakajeka yeruvara rwekurira, kukwanisa kuchengetedza masimba ekukura, kufamba kwemafungiro.

Ehe, yakanakisa tekinoroji michina yakawedzerwa kune izvi zvese. Pasi pezvigunwe zvake, manyorerwo epiyano aigara achionekwa akaomeswa, akazara, asi panguva imwecheteyo, madiki nuances haana kupera pakunzwa. Mune izwi, pakutanga kwe60s yaive nyanzvi chaiyo. Uye yakakwezva pfungwa dzevatsoropodzi. Mumwe wevanoongorora akanyora kuti: “Kutaura nezveAshkenazi, munhu anowanzoyemura virtuoso data yake. Zvamazvirokwazvo, iye ishasha yakatanhamara, kwete mupfungwa yakamonyaniswa yeshoko rakapararira nguva pfupi yapfuura (kukwanisa kuridza ndima dzakasiyana-siyana nokukurumidza nenzira inoshamisa), asi mupfungwa yaro chaiyoiyo. Mudiki wepiyano haangove ane zvinoshamisa uye akasimba, zvigunwe zvakadzidziswa zvakakwana, iye anotsetsenura muakasiyana uye akanaka palette yemanzwi epiyano. Muchidimbu, chimiro ichi chinoshandawo kune yanhasi Vladimir Ashkenazi, kunyange panguva imwechete isina imwe chete, asi zvichida iyo inonyanya kukosha iyo yakaonekwa mumakore apfuura: unyanzvi, unyanzvi hwekukura. Gore rega rega mutambi wepiyano anozvisimbisa uye anowedzera kushinga uye akakomba mabasa ekugadzira, anoenderera mberi nekuvandudza dudziro yake yeChopin, Liszt, anoridza Beethoven naSchubert zvakanyanya, achikunda nekutanga uye chiyero zvakare mumabasa aBach naMozart, Tchaikovsky naRachmaninov. , Brahms uye Ravel…

Muna 1961, nguva pfupi asati asingakanganwiki kwaari Second Tchaikovsky Makwikwi. Vladimir Ashkenazy akasangana nemuimbi wechidiki wekuIceland Sophie Johannsdottir, uyo panguva iyoyo aidzidzira basa paMoscow Conservatory. Nokukurumidza vakava murume nomudzimai, uye makore maviri gare gare vaviri vacho vakagara muEngland. Muna 1968, Ashkenazi akagara muReykjavik ndokugamuchira chizvarwa cheIcelandic, uye makore gumi gare gare Lucerne yakava "nzvimbo yake yekugara" huru. Makore ese aya, anoenderera mberi nekupa makonzati nekuwedzera kusimba, anoita neakanakisa orchestras munyika, anorekodha zvakawanda pamarekodhi - uye aya marekodhi akapararira zvakanyanya. Pakati pavo, zvichida, zvinyorwa zvemakonti ose eBeethoven naRachmaninov, pamwe chete nezvinyorwa zveChopin, zvinonyanya kufarirwa.

Kubva pakati pemakore makumi manomwe, tenzi anozivikanwa wepiyano yemazuva ano, sehuwandu hwevamwe vake, akabudirira kuita basa rechipiri - kuitisa. Nechekare muna 1981, akava wekutanga zvachose muenzi kondakita weLondon Philharmonic Orchestra, uye zvino anoita papodium munyika dzakawanda. Kubva 1987 kusvika 1994 aive mutungamiriri weRoyal Philharmonic Orchestra, uye akaitisawo Cleveland Symphony Orchestra, Berlin Radio Orchestra. Asi panguva imwecheteyo, makonzati emupiyano weAshkenazi haawanzova mashoma uye anomutsa kufarira kukuru kwevateereri sepakutanga.

Kubva kuma1960, Ashkenazy yakagadzira akawanda marekodhi emhando dzakasiyana rekodhi. Akaita uye akarekodha ese piyano mabasa naChopin, Rachmaninov, Scriabin, Brahms, Liszt, pamwe chete neshanu piano concerto naProkofiev. Ashkenazy anohwina kanomwe Grammy Mubairo weClassical Music Performance. Pakati pevaimbi vaakashanda navo ndiItzhak Perlman, Georg Solti. Somuperekedzi nemapoka akasiyana-siyana, akaita uye akarekodha zvose symphonies Sibelius, Rachmaninov uye Shostakovich.

Ashkenazi's autobiographical bhuku Beyond the Frontiers rakabudiswa muna 1985.