Seri, serialism |

French mimhanzi serielle, German. serielle Musik - serial, kana serial, mimhanzi

Imwe yemhando dzakasiyana dze serial tekinoroji, iyo inoteedzana ye decomp. parameters, semuenzaniso. nhevedzano yemateti uye mutinhimira kana mitsindo, rhythm, dynamics, kutaura, agogics uye tempo. S. inofanirwa kusiyaniswa kubva kumapolyseries (apo maviri kana anopfuura akatevedzana eimwe, kazhinji yakakwirira-yakakwirira, parameter inoshandiswa) uye kubva kune serial (zvinoreva kushandisa serial tekiniki mupfungwa yakafara, pamwe nehunyanzvi hwepamusoro chete. -altitude series). Muenzaniso weimwe yemhando dzakareruka dzeS.'s maitiro: kutevedzana kwemateki kunodzorwa nenhevedzano inosarudzwa nemunyori (pitch), uye nguva yemanzwi inodzorwa nenhevedzano yenguva inosarudzwa zvakasununguka kana inotorwa kubva pitch series (kureva, nhevedzano yeimwe parameter). Saka, nhevedzano yezvikamu gumi nembiri inogona kushandurwa kuita nhevedzano yenguva gumi nembiri - 12, 12, 7, 8, 6, 5, 9, 4, 3, 10, 2, 1, tichifungidzira kuti nhamba imwe neimwe inoratidza nhamba yegumi nematanhatu. (masere, makumi matatu nemasekondi) munguva yakapihwa:

Kana mutsara wepitch wakaiswa pamusoro peine rhythmic, kwete serial, asi serial jira rinosimuka:

AG Schnittke. Concerto No 2 ye violin uye orchestra.

S. yakasimuka sekuwedzera kwenheyo dze serial technique (high-pitched series) kune mamwe maparameter akasara akasununguka: nguva, rejista, kutaura, timbre, etc. Panguva imwecheteyo, mubvunzo wehukama pakati pemiganhu inomuka mune a nzira itsva: musangano remimhanzi. zvinhu, basa rekufambira mberi kwenhamba, huwandu hwenhamba hunowedzera (semuenzaniso, muchikamu chechitatu cheEV Denisov's cantata "Zuva reIncas", iyo inonzi nhamba dzekuronga dzinoshandiswa - 3 ruzha rweakateedzana, 6 dynamic. , 6 matimbu). Pane tsika yekuenderana uye yakazara kushandiswa kwese kwese kwenzira yeimwe neimwe yeparamita kana kuti "interchromatic", kureva kubatanidzwa kweakasiyana paramita - kuwirirana uye timbre, kukwirira uye nguva (iyo yekupedzisira inotorwa setsamba. yezvimiro zvenhamba, zvimiro; ona muenzaniso uri pamusoro) . K. Stockhausen akaisa pamberi pfungwa yekujoinha 6 zvinhu zvemuses. nguva - microtime, inomiririrwa nenzwi rezwi, uye macrotime, inomiririrwa nekureba kwayo, uye saizvozvo yakatambanudzwa ese ari maviri mumutsara mumwe, ichipatsanura nharaunda yenguva kuita "maoctave marefu" (Dauernoktaven; pitch octaves, uko matinji ari ine hukama se2: 2, enderera mune maoctave marefu, uko nguva dzakabatana nenzira imwechete). Shanduko kuenda kune yakatokura nguva mayuniti inoreva hukama hunokura kuita muses. fomu (apo kuratidzwa kweiyo 1: 2 reshiyo ndiyo reshiyo ye squareness). Kuwedzerwa kweiyo musimboti wekutevedzana kune ese ma paramita emimhanzi inonzi yakazara symphony (muenzaniso we multidimensional symphony ndeye Stockhausen's Groups for Three Orchestras, 1). Nekudaro, kuita kweiyo yakafanana nhevedzano muakasiyana ma paramita haaonekwe seakafanana, saka hukama hwema paramita kune mumwe nemumwe bh inoshanduka kuve ngano, uye iri kuwedzera kuomarara sangano rema paramita, kunyanya neiyo yakazara S., mu. chokwadi chinoreva njodzi inokura yekusabatana uye mhirizhonga, iyo automatism yemaitiro ekuumbwa, uye kurasikirwa kweanonyora kutonga kwemunyori pamusoro pebasa rake. P. Boulez akanyevera nezve“kutsiva basa nesangano.” Total S. inoreva kupera kweiyo pfungwa yekutanga yenhevedzano uye serialization, inotungamira kune inoita senge isingatarisirwe shanduko kupinda mumunda wemahara, mimhanzi inonzwisisika, inovhura nzira yealeatorics nemagetsi (technical music; ona Electronic music).

Chimwe chezviitiko zvekutanga S. inogona kunzi tambo. vatatu naE. Golyshev (rakabudiswa muna 1925), uko, mukuwedzera kune 12-toni complexes, rhythmic yakashandiswa. row. A. Webern akasvika papfungwa yaS., uyo, zvisinei, akanga asiri munyori wenhevedzano mupfungwa chaiyoiyo yeshoko; mune akati wandei serial mabasa. anoshandisa mukwanisi. kuronga zvinoreva - rejista (somuenzaniso, muchikamu chekutanga che symphony op. 1), dynamic-articulatory ("Variations" yepiyano op. 21, 27nd chikamu), rhythmic (quasi-series of rhythm 2, 2, 2 , 1 mu "Variations" ye orchestra, op.2). Nekuziva uye nguva dzose S. akashandisa O. Messiaen mu "30 rhythmic zvidzidzo" zvepiyano. (semuenzaniso, muFire Island II, Nhamba 4, 4). Uyezve, Boulez akatendeukira kuS. ("Polyphony X" yezviridzwa gumi nemasere, 1950, "Zvirongwa", 18a, ye1951 fp., 1), Stockhausen ("Cross Play" yemubatanidzwa wezviridzwa, 2; "Counterpoints" ye mubatanidzwa wezviridzwa, 1952; Mapoka emaokestra matatu, 1952), L. Nono (Misangano yezviridzwa makumi maviri nemana, 1953, cantata Yakavhiringidzwa Rwiyo, 1957), A. Pusser (Webern Memory Quintet, 24), nevamwe. mukugadzira mazizi. vanyori, semuenzaniso. naDenisov (No 1955 kubva kuvocal cycle "Italian Songs", 1956, No 1955 kubva "4 Nhau pamusoro paVaKeuner" yezwi uye ensemble yezviridzwa, 1964), AA Pyart (3 zvikamu kubva 5 uye 1966 th symphony, 2 , 1), AG Schnittke (“Mimhanzi yechamber orchestra”, 2; “Mumhanzi wepiyano nechamber orchestra”, 1963; “Pianissimo” yeorchestra, 1966).

References: Denisov EV, Dodecaphony uye matambudziko emazuva ano ekugadzira matekiniki, mu: Mimhanzi uye Mazuva Ano, vol. 6, M., 1969; Shneerson GM, serialism uye aleatorics - "kuzivikanwa kwevanopikisa", "SM", 1971; kwete 1; Stockhausen K., Weberns Konzert für 9 Instrumente op. 24, "Melos", 1953, Jahrg. 20, H. 12, zvimwe chetezvo, mubhuku rake: Texte…, Bd l, Köln, (1963); yake pachake, Musik im Raum, mubhuku: Darmstädter Beiträge zur neuen Musik, Mainz, 1959, (H.) 2; yake pachake, Kadenzrhythmik bei Mozart, ibid., 1961, (H.) 4 (shanduro yechiUkrainian – Stockhausen K., Rhythmichni kadansi naMozart, muunganidzwa: Ukrainian musicology, v. 10, Kipv, 1975, p. 220 -71. ); yake pachake, Arbeitsbericht 1952/53: Orientierung, mubhuku rake: Texte…, Bd 1, 1963; Gredinger P., Das Serielle, muDie Reihe, 1955, (H.) 1; Pousseur H., Zur Methodik, ibid., 1957, (H.) 3; Krenek E., Was is "Reihenmusik"? "NZfM", 1958, Jahrg. 119, H. 5, 8; yake pachake, Bericht über Versuche in total determinierter Musik, “Darmstädter Beiträge”, 1958, (H.) 1; ake, Kuwedzera uye miganhu ye serial techniques "MQ", 1960, v. 46, No 2. Ligeti G., Pierre Boulez: Entscheidung und Automatik in der Structure Ia, in Die Reihe, 1958, (N.) 4 yakafanana. , Wandlungen der musikalischen Form, ibid., 1960, (H. ) 7; Nono L., Die Entwicklung der Reihentechnik, “Darmstädter Beiträge”, 1958, (H.) 1; Schnebel D., Karlheinz Stockhausen, muDie Reihe, 1958, (H.) 4; Eimert H., Die zweite Entwicklungsphase der Neuen Musik, Melos, 1960, Jahrg. 27, H. 12; Zeller HR, Mallarmé und das serielle Denken, muDie Reihe, 11, (H.) 1960; Wolff Chr., Ber Form, ibid., 6, (H.) 1960; Buyez P., Die Musikdenken heute 7, Mainz – L. – P. – NY, (1); Kohoutek C., Novodobé skladebné teorie zbpadoevropské hudby, Praha, 1, pasi pemusoro wekuti: Novodobé skladebné smery n hudbl, Praha, 1963 (shanduro yechiRussian — Kohoutek Ts., Technique of Composition in Music of the M1962, Centu) ; Stuckenschmidt HH, Zeitgenössische Techniken in der Musik, “SMz”, 1965, Jahrg. 1976; Westergaard P., Webern uye "Zvose sangano": kuongororwa kwechipiri chekufamba kwePiano Variations, op. 1963, "Maonero emimhanzi mitsva", NY - Princeton, 103 (v. 27, No 1963); Heinemann R., Untersuchungen zur Rezeption der seriellen Musik, Regensburg, 1; Deppert H., Studien zur Kompositionstechnik im instrumentalen Spätwerk Anton Weberns, (Darmstadt, 2); Stephan R., Bber Schwierigkeiten der Bewertung und der Analyze neuester Musik, “Musica”, 1966, Jahrg 1972, H. 1972; Vogt H., Neue Musik seit 26, Stuttg., (3); Fuhrmann R., Pierre Boulez (1945), Structures 1972 (1925), in Perspektiven neuer Musik, Mainz. (1); Karkoschka E., Hat Webern seriell komponiert?, TsMz, 1952, H. 1974; Oesch H., Pioniere der Zwölftontechnik, in Forum musicologicum, Bern, (1975).

Yu. H. Kholopov