Cistra: tsananguro chiridzwa, kuumbwa, kushandiswa mumhanzi

Cistra chiridzwa chekare chemumhanzi chine tambo dzesimbi, inofungidzirwa kuti ndiye tateguru wegitare. Yakafanana muchimiro kune mandolin yemazuva ano uye ine 5 kusvika ku12 tambo dzakabatanidzwa. Iyo chinhambwe pane yayo fretboard pakati pepedyo frets inogara iri semitone.

Cistra yakashandiswa zvakanyanya munyika dzeWestern Europe: Italy, France, England. Ichi chiridzwa chakachekwa chainyanya kufarirwa mumigwagwa yemaguta emuMiddle Ages muzana remakore rechi16-18. Nhasi inogona kuwanikwa muSpain.

Mutumbi wetangi wakafanana ne “donhwe”. Pakutanga, yakagadzirwa kubva pachidimbu chehuni, asi gare gare mhizha dzakaona kuti inova nyore uye iri nyore kushandisa kana yakagadzirwa kubva kune akati wandei akasiyana. Paive nematangi ehukuru hwakasiyana uye manzwi - tenor, bass nemamwe.

Ichi chiridzwa chemhando ye lute, asi kusiyana nelute, yakachipa, idiki uye iri nyore kudzidza, saka yaiwanzo shandiswa kwete nevaimbi vane hunyanzvi, asi nevanodzidzira. Tambo dzayo dzakatorwa neplectrum kana zvigunwe, uye ruzha rwakanga "rwakareruka" kupfuura rweruti, iyo yaive ne "juicy" timbre inopenya, yakakodzera kuridza mimhanzi yakakomba.

Kune cistra, kwete zvibodzwa zvizere zvakanyorwa, asi tablature. Muunganidzwa wekutanga wezvimedu zvecistra unozivikanwa kwatiri wakaumbwa naPaolo Virchi pakupera kwezana ramakore rechi 16. Ivo vaisiyaniswa nehupfumi hwepolyphony uye virtuoso melodic mafambiro.