Zither: tsananguro yechiridzwa, mavambo, mhando, maitiro ekutamba

Zither chiridzwa chine tambo. Munguva yenhoroondo yayo, zither yave imwe yezviridzwa zvakakurumbira muEurope uye yakapinda mutsika yenyika dzakawanda.

Basics

Rudzi - tambo yakadzurwa. Classification - chordophone. Chordophone chiridzwa chine muviri panotambanudzwa tambo dzakati wandei pakati pemapoinzi maviri anoita ruzha kana achizunguza.

Zizi rinoridzwa neminwe, kudzura nekudzura tambo. Maoko ose ari maviri anobatanidzwa. Ruoko rworuboshwe ndirwo rwunoita basa rekuperekedza chord. Murevereri anoiswa pachigunwe cheruoko rwerudyi. Zvigunwe zvekutanga zve 2 zvine mutoro wekuperekedza uye mabhasi. Munwe wechitatu ndewe mabhesi maviri. Mutumbi unoiswa patafura kana kuiswa pamabvi ako.

Concert mhando dzine 12-50 tambo. Panogona kunge kune zvakawanda zvichienderana nekugadzirwa.

Kwakabva chiridzwa

Zita rechiGerman rokuti "zither" rinobva pashoko rechiLatini rokuti "cythara". Izwi rechiLatini izita reboka rematambo emuMiddle Ages chordophones. Mumabhuku echiGerman ezana ramakore rechi XNUMX, kune zvakare mutsauko we "cittern", wakaumbwa kubva "kithara" - yekare Greek chordophone.

Chimbo chekare chinozivikanwa kubva kumhuri yezither ndiyo Chinese qixianqin. A fretless chordophone yakawanikwa muguva raPrince Yi, rakavakwa muna 433 BC.

Chordophone dzakabatana dzakawanikwa muAsia yose. Mienzaniso: Japanese koto, Middle East kanun, Indonesian Playlan.

Vanhu vekuEurope vakatanga kugadzira vhezheni yavo yezvigadzirwa zveAsia, semhedzisiro, zither yakaonekwa. Yakave chiridzwa chevanhu chakakurumbira muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX Bavaria neAustria.

The Viennese zitherist Johann Petzmayer anoonekwa semuimbi ane virtuoso. Vanyori vezvakaitika kare vanotenda Petzmaier nekusimudzira chiGerman chordophone mukushandiswa kwepamba.

Muna 1838, Nikolaus Wiegel anobva kuMunich akakurudzira kuvandudzwa kwekugadzira. Pfungwa iyi yaive yekuisa mabhiriji akagadziriswa, mamwe tambo, chromatic frets. Pfungwa iyi haina kuwana rutsigiro kusvika 1862. Ipapo tenzi welute kubva kuGermany, Max Amberger, akagadzira chiridzwa chakagadzirwa naVigel. Saka chordophone yakawana chimiro chayo.

Mhando dzemazita

Iyo konzati zither ine 29-38 tambo. Nhamba inonyanyozivikanwa ndeye 34-35. Kurongeka kwehurongwa hwavo: 4 melodic pamusoro pemafiritsi, gumi nevaviri vasinganetseke vanoperekedza, gumi nevaviri mabhasi, 12-12 maviri mabhesi mamwe.

Alpine zither ine 42 tambo. Musiyano muviri wakafara kutsigira yakarebesa kaviri bass uye tuning michina. Iyo Alpine vhezheni inonzwika mune yakafanana tuning kune konzati vhezheni. Shanduro dzekupedzisira dzezana ramakore rechi XNUMX dzainzi "zither-mbira". Chikonzero ndicho mbiru yakawedzerwa, inoita kuti chiridzwa chiite sembira. Muiyi vhezheni, mamwe mabhesi maviri akaiswa anoenderana nemamwe.

Iyo yakagadziridzwazve alpine musiyano wakagadzirirwa kushandira mhando nyowani yePlay. Hungirwa hunoridzwa sembira, sembira.

Vagadziri vemazuva ano vanogadzirawo shanduro dzakareruka. Chikonzero ndechekuti zvakaoma kuti maamateurs atambe pamamodeli akazara. Mushanduro dzakadaro makiyi uye michina ye otomatiki clamping ye chords inowedzerwa.

Kune maviri akakurumbira tuning emazuva ano zithers: Munich neVenetian. Vamwe vatambi vanoshandisa Venetian tuning yetambo dzakabatikana, Munich kugadzira tambo dzisingaite. Full Venetian tuning inoshandiswa pazviridzwa zvine 2 kana mashoma tambo.