Pipa: tsananguro yechiridzwa, kuumbwa, ruzha, nhoroondo, kushandiswa, kutamba

Panguva yekuvakwa kweRusvingo Rukuru rweChina, vagari veHumambo hweKudenga, vaneta nebasa rakaoma, vakanakidzwa nekurira kwechiridzwa chekare chemimhanzi pipa munguva pfupi yekuzorora. Yakatsanangurwa mumabhuku muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX, asi masayendisiti anoti maChinese akadzidza kuiridza kare mifananidzo yekutanga isati yaonekwa.

Chii chinonzi Chinese pipa

Iyi imhando yeruti, iyo nzvimbo yekuzvarwa iri South China. Inoshandiswa kuridza kurira kwega, inoshandiswa neveochestra uye yekuperekedza kuimba. Vanhu vekare vaiwanzoshandisa pipa kuperekedza kudzokorora.

Chiridzwa chetambo cheChinese chakarukwa chine tambo ina. Zita rayo rine mahieroglyphs maviri: yekutanga inoreva kufamba pasi pematambo, yechipiri - kumashure.

Tool mudziyo

Lute yeChinese ine muviri wakaita sepear, inonyatso kushanduka kuita mutsipa mupfupi nembabvu dzinoumba mana ekutanga akatsiga frets. Frets inowanikwa pamutsipa uye fretboard, nhamba yose ndeye 30. Mitambo inobata mapegi mana. Nechinyakare ivo vaigadzirwa kubva kune shinda dzesiririka, kugadzirwa kwemazuva ano kunowanzo shandisa naironi kana simbi tambo.

Chiridzwa chine yakazara chromatic scale. Ruzha rwekurira runotsanangurwa nemaoctave mana. Kugadzika – “la” – “re” – “mi” – “la”. Chiridzwa chacho chinenge mita kureba.

History

Kwakabva pipa kune gakava mumatunhu esainzi. Mareferensi ekutanga anodzokera kuHan Dynasty. Sekureva kwengano, yakasikirwa Princess Liu Xijun, aizove mwenga wamambo webhari Wusun. Munzira, musikana akaishandisa kunyaradza kutambura kwake.

Maererano nemamwe mabhuku, pipa haibvi kubva kuSouth neCentral China. Tsanangudzo dzekare dzinoratidza kuti chiridzwa ichi chakagadzirwa nevanhu veHu, vaigara kunze kwemuganhu wekuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kweHumambo hweKudenga.

Iyo vhezheni yekuti chishandiso chakauya kuChina kubva kuMesopotamia haina kutongerwa kunze. Imomo yaiita sedhiramu rakatenderedzwa rine mutsipa wakakombama, uko kwakatambanudzirwa tambo. Makopi akafanana anochengetwa mumamyuziyamu eJapan, Korea, Vietnam.

kushandisa

Kazhinji, pipa inoshandiswa kuita yega. Iine ruzha rwenziyo, rwekufungisisa. Mumitambo yemazuva ano yemimhanzi, inoshandiswa mumitambo yekare, uyewo mumhando dzakadai sedombo, vanhu.

Sezvo wapfuura miganhu yeMiddle Kingdom, iyo lute yeChinese inoshandiswa nemapoka akasiyana emimhanzi. Semuenzaniso, boka reAmerica "Incunus" rakaburitsa album ine mimhanzi inozorodza, chikamu chikuru chinoitwa neChinese pipa.

How kutamba

Muimbi anotamba akagara, apo anofanira kuzorora muviri wake pamabvi ake, mutsipa wakazorora pafudzi rake roruboshwe. Ruzha rwunoburitswa pachishandiswa plectrum. Nehunyanzvi, kuridza chiridzwa chinogoneka nerubatsiro rwembambo yeimwe yeminwe. Kuti aite izvi, muiti anopa iyo yekutanga fomu.

Pakati pezvimwe zviridzwa zveChinese, pipa haisi imwe chete yekare, asiwo inonyanya kufarirwa. Inogona kuridzwa nevarume nevakadzi. Virtuosos inobereka misiyano yenziyo, ipa ruzha rwekuda, gamba kana runako rwunogona kuburitsa akasiyana siyana emanzwiro.