Makiyi epiyano uye kurongeka kwemanotsi paari

Pakazara, pane makiyi makumi masere nemasere paibhodhi yepiyano, pakati pawo makumi mashanu neshanu machena, asara makumi matatu nenhanhatu matema. Makiyi machena akarongwa ese mumutsara pasina chero akakosha maficha, uye makiyi matema akarongwa mumapoka maviri kana matatu. Tarisa mufananidzo:

Pamakiyi machena, manomwe ezvinyorwa zvakafanana anogara achidzokororwa: ITA RE MI FA SOL LA SI. Kudzokororwa kwega kwega kwakadaro kubva pane imwe C kusvika kune inotevera C noti kunonzi OCTAVE. Chero DO chinyorwa chiri pamberi peboka remakiyi maviri madema, ndiko kuti, kuruboshwe rwavo, sekunge "pasi pechikomo". Padivi pekiyi yeDO papiyano ndiyo kiyi yePE, zvichingodaro, makiyi ese epiyano akarongwa muhurongwa. Ngatitarisei pamufananidzo:

Saka hezvino izvo zvatakawana:

• Noti DO inogara iri kuruboshwe kwemakiyi maviri matema.
• Iyo noti PE iri papiyano pakati pemakiyi maviri matema.
• Iyo MI noti inotora chinzvimbo kurudyi kweboka remakiyi maviri matema.
• Chinyorwa F chiri kuruboshwe rweboka remakiyi matatu matema.
• Manotsi G uye A ari mukati meboka remakiyi matatu matema.
• Iyo SI noti iri padhuze neiyo DO noti uye iri kurudyi kweboka remakiyi matatu matema.

Chii chinonzi octaves papiyano?

Tatotaura pamusoro apa kuti kudzokororwa kwega kwega kweseti yemanzwi manomwe ese kunonzi octave. Iyo octave system inogona kufananidzwa neakawanda-storey chivakwa. Iwo matanho akafanana emumhanzi manera (DO RE MI FA SOL LA SI) anodzokororwa nguva imwe neimwe pahupamhi hutsva, sekunge pasi pemanera iri kusimuka zvishoma nezvishoma.

Octaves vane mazita avo, ari nyore kwazvo. Manzwi epakati nepamusoro ari mumaoctaves, anodaidzwa kuti: FIRST, SECOND, THIRD, FOURTH neFIFTH. Octave yekutanga inowanzova pakati pechiridzwa, pakati pehuwandu. Yechipiri, yechitatu, yechina octave yakakwirira, ndiko kuti, kurutivi rworudyi maererano neoctave yekutanga. Octave yechishanu inoonekwa seisina kukwana, sezvo paine ruzha rumwe chete mairi - chete chinyorwa ITA pasina kuenderera.

Vanotaura nezvezvinyorwa zviri mumaoctave akasiyana: kusvika kune yekutanga octave, kusvika kune yechipiri octave, kusvika kune yechitatu octave, nezvimwewo, munyu weiyo octave yekutanga, munyu wechitatu octave, munyu wechina octave, nezvimwe. .

Yakaderera, bass inonzwika inogara kuruboshwe rwepiyano keyboard. Iwo akarongwa mumaoctaves, ayo anonzi: SMALL, BIG, CONTROCTAVES, SUBCONTROCTAVES. Iyo diki octave iri padyo nekutanga, pakarepo kuruboshwe kwayo. Pazasi, ndiko kuti, kuruboshwe, papiyano - makiyi e octave yakakura, ipapo - counteroctaves. Iyo subcontroctave haina kukwana, ine makiyi maviri machena - la uye si.

Makiyi eblack ndeechii?

Takafunga zvishoma nemakiyi machena epiyano - ane zvinyorwa zvikuru ITA RE MI FA SOL LA uye SI mune akasiyana octaves. Uye, zvino, makiyi matema papiyano ndeechii? Ndezvekutungamirirwa chete here? Zvinoratidza kwete. Ichokwadi ndechokuti mumhanzi mune zvinyorwa zvinokosha (matanho), kune zvinomwe zvawo, uye kunze kwazvo kune matanho anotorwa, anowanikwa nekusimudza kana kuderedza izvo zvinokosha. Kuwedzera kwenhanho kunoratidzwa neshoko SHARP, uye kuderera kunoratidzwa neshoko FLAT.

Mune zvinyorwa zvemimhanzi, zviratidzo zvakakosha zvinoshandiswa kuratidza zvinopinza uye flats. Yakapinza muchidimbu ireti diki (senge retisi sepafoni keyboard), inoiswa pamberi pechinoti. Iyo flat (kubva kuFrench - yakapfava "be") yakafanana neRussia yakapfava chiratidzo, ichingonyanya kunongedzera kuzasi kana tsamba yechiLatin b, chiratidzo ichi, seyakapinza, chinoiswa pamberi pechinyorwa (pamberi).

ZVINOKOSHA! Yakapinza uye yakapfava inosimudza kana kudzikisa, ndiko kuti, inoshandura noti neSEMITOONE. Semitone - yakawanda here kana kuti idiki? Semitone pakiibhodhi yepiyano ndiyo nhambwe diki pakati pemakiyi maviri. Ndiko kuti, kana iwe ukaridza makiyi ese epiyano mumutsara, pasina kusvetuka chena uye dema, ipapo pachava ne semitone chinhambwe pakati pemakiyi maviri ari padyo.

Uye kana tichida kutamba imwe mhando yekupinza, isu tinongotora kiyi semitone yakakwirira, kureva, kwete yakajairwa chena DO, RE kana MI, asi iyo nhema inoitevera (kana chena, kana paine hapana dema pedyo). Ngationei mimwe mienzaniso:

Zvakaitika kuti zvinyorwa zviviri - mi-yakapinza uye c-yakapinza inopindirana nemamwe makiyi. MI SHARP yakafanana nekiyi FA, uye C SHARP yakafanana neC kiyi. Kune aya akapinza, pakanga pasina makiyi matema akasiyana, saka makiyi machena akavakidzana "akavanunura". Hapana chekushamisika, mumimhanzi izvi zvinowanzoitika. Ichi chivakwa chinonakidza, kana kurira kwakafanana, asi kunodaidzwa zvakasiyana, ine zita ENHARMONISM (ENHARMONIC EQUALITY).

Kana isu tichida kutora furati papiyano, ipapo pane zvinopesana, isu tinofanirwa kuridza kiyi semitone yakaderera, ndiko kuti, kuruboshwe, kiyi inouya pamberi peiyo huru. Uye pano, zvakare, pachave nezviitiko zvekuenzana kweenharmonic: F-FLAT inopindirana nekiyi yeMI, uye C-FLAT ine kiyi yeSI. Ngatione zvino mamwe ese maflati:

Saka, makiyi matema pakiibhodhi yepiyano anoita basa rinonakidza rakapetwa kaviri: kune mamwe manotsi iwo anopinza, uye kune mamwe iwo mafurati. Kana iwe wakadzidza chidzidzo chanhasi zvakanaka, saka unogona kudoma zviri nyore aya makiyi emitambo. Kana iwe uchishanda nemwana, saka iva nechokwadi chekumubvunza pamusoro pazvo kuitira kuti pfungwa iyi mumusoro wake ive nani kuiswa. Nenzira, kana iwe uchizodzidza kunyora mimhanzi nemwana wako, saka tine nhungamiro yakanaka yekukubatsira - Nzira yekudzidza mimhanzi nemwana? Kugamuchirwa kupeji rino!

Shamwari dzinodikanwa! Nyaya iyi yakakubatsira neimwe nzira here? Mibvunzo ipi yausina kupindurwa? Ndezvipi zvimwe zvaungada kuziva kubva kwatiri pamusoro penyika yemimhanzi? Nyora zvaunofunga uye zvishuwo mumashoko. Hapana kana meseji yako ichaenda isina kucherechedzwa.