Jaroslav Krombholc |
Jaroslav Krombholc
Kusvikira munguva pfupi yapfuura - mamwe makore gumi nemashanu apfuura - zita raYaroslav Krombholtz rakanga risingazivikanwe kune denderedzwa rakakura revanoda mimhanzi. Nhasi anoonekwa semumwe wevanotungamira opera conductor pasi rose, mutsivi akakodzera waVaclav Talich uye mutsivi webasa rake. Iyo yekupedzisira ndeyemusikirwo uye ine musoro: Krombholtz mudzidzi waTalikh kwete chete muchikoro chekuitisa paPrague Conservatory, asiwo muNational Theatre, kwaakange ari mubatsiri weanoshamisa tenzi kwenguva yakareba.
Krombholtz akadzidziswa kuna Talih semuimbi wechidiki asi atove akadzidza. Akadzidza kuumbwa paPrague Conservatory naO. Shin naV. Novak, achiitisa naP. Dedechek, akapinda makirasi eA. Khaba uye akateerera hurukuro dze3. Nejedla paFaculty of Philosophy yeCharles University. Zvisinei, pakutanga Krombholtz akanga asiri kuzova kondakita: muimbi wacho ainyanya kukwezvwa kuumbwa, uye mamwe emabasa ake - symphony, orchestral suites, sextet, nziyo - dzichiri kunzwika kubva pamutambo wekonzati. Asi atova mumakore makumi mana, muimbi wechidiki ainyanya kukoshesa kuitisa. Achiri mudzidzi, akatanga kuwana mukana wokuita opera mitambo ye "Talikhov repertoire" paPeople's Theater uye akaedza kupinda zvakavanzika zveunyanzvi hwomudzidzisi wake.
Basa rekuzvimiririra remutyairi rakatanga aine makore makumi maviri nematatu chete. Muguta remitambo rePilsen, akaita "Jenufa", ipapo "Dalibor" uye "The Marriage of Figaro". Aya mabasa matatu akaumba, sekunge, hwaro hwerepertoire yake: matatu whales - Czech classics, mimhanzi yemazuva ano uye Mozart. Uye ipapo Krombholtz akatendeukira kune akawanda eSuk, Ostrchil, Fibich, Novak, Burian, Borzhkovets - kutaura zvazviri, munguva pfupi zvese zvakanakisa izvo zvakagadzirwa nevanhu vekwake zvakapinda murepertoire yake.
Muna 1963, Krombholtz akava mutungamiriri mukuru weimba yemitambo muPrague. Pano Krombholtz akakura kuva muturikiri akangwara uye muparidzi weCzech opera classics, mutsvaki ane shungu uye anoedza mumunda wemazuva ano opera, sezvaanozivikanwa nhasi kwete muCzechoslovakia chete, asiwo kunze kwenyika. Repertoire yeconductor yekusingaperi inosanganisira akawanda operas naSmetana, Dvorak, Fibich, Foerster, Novak, anoshanda naJanáček, Ostrchil, Jeremias, Kovarovits, Burian, Sukhoń, Martin, Volprecht, Cikker, Simba nevamwe vanyori veCzechoslovak, pamwe naMozart, uyo achiri mumwe wevanyori vanofarira vanyori. Pamwe chete neizvi, anoteerera zvakanyanya kumitambo yeRussia, kusanganisira Eugene Onegin, The Snow Maiden, Boris Godunov, opera nevanyori vemazuva ano - Prokofiev's War and Peace uye The Tale of a Real Man, Shostakovich's Katerina Izmailova. Pakupedzisira, zvigadzirwa zvemazuva ano zvemitambo yaR. Strauss (Salome naElektra), pamwe chete naA. Berg's Wozzeck, zvakamuwanira mukurumbira semumwe wevanonyanya kuziva uye vaturikiri vemazuva ano repertoire.
Kukudzwa kwepamusoro kweKrombholtz kunosimbiswa nekubudirira kwake kunze kweCzechoslovakia. Mushure mekushanya kwakawanda neboka rePeople's Theatre muUSSR, Belgium, East Germany, anogara achikokwa kuti aite mitambo munhandare dzepamusoro muVienna neLondon, Milan neStuttgart, Warsaw neRio de Janeiro, Berlin neParis. . Zvigadzirwa zveMwana wake wekurera, Katerina Izmailova, Muroora Akabaiwa kuVienna State Opera, Kumutswa kwaCikker paStuttgart Opera, Muroora Akabiwa uye Boris Godunov kuCovent Garden, Katya Kabanova vakanyanya kubudirira. "uye" Enufa "pamutambo weNetherlands. Krombholtz anonyanya kuita opera conductor. Asi zvakadaro anowana nguva yemitambo yemakonzati, muCzechoslovakia nekune dzimwe nyika, kunyanya muEngland, kwaanonyanya kufarirwa. Chikamu chakakosha chezvirongwa zvake zvekonzati inogarwa nemimhanzi yezana ramakore rechi XNUMX: pano, pamwe nevanyori veCzechoslovak, ndiDebussy, Ravel, Roussel, Millau, Bartok, Hindemith, Shostakovich, Prokofiev, Kodai, F. Marten.
Achitsanangura mufananidzo wekugadzira wemuimbi, mutsoropodzi P. Eckstein anonyora kuti: “Krombholtz ndiye akatanga kuimba nziyo, uye tsvakiridzo dzake dzose uye budiriro yake inoratidzirwa nokupfava norunako rwakati. Asi, hongu, chinhu chinoshamisa hachisiwo pfungwa yake isina simba. Kurekodha kwake kwezvimedu kubva mumutambo wenziyo waFiebich Mwenga weMessina anopupurira izvi, sezvo, zvamazvirokwazvo, kunoita kugadzirwa kunoshamisa kweWozzeck muPrague. Mapoetic moods uye ruzha rwemhando yepamusoro zvakanyanya padyo netarenda remuimbi. Izvi zvinonzwika muRusalka yaDvořák, yakanyorwa naye uye inocherechedzwa nevatsoropodzi seimwe dudziro yakakwana yebasa racho. Asi mune mamwe marekodhi ake, senge opera "Chirikadzi mbiri", Krombholtz anoratidza kuseka kwake uye nyasha.
L. Grigoriev, J. Platek, 1969
