Bharel organ: chiridzwa kuumbwa, musimboti wekushanda, nhoroondo yemabviro

Muzana ramakore rechi XNUMX, vaimbi vaifamba vaivaraidza vaiona mumigwagwa nenziyo dzisingaremekedzi dzakagadzirwa nechiridzwa chaibatwa nemaoko chinonzi street organ. Kamuchina kadiki kaiita sechisikwa chinoshamisa, chine mashiripiti. Iyo organ grinder zvishoma nezvishoma yakashandura mubato webhokisi, rwiyo rwakadururwa kubva mariri, ruzha rwacho rwakafadza vanhu vakuru nevana.

Chimiro uye nheyo yekushanda

Magadzirirwo ekutanga aive akapfava. Roller nemapini yakaiswa mukati mebhokisi rehuni, rakanga richitenderera, mapini akatora "miswe" inoenderana neimwe inzwi. Aya ndiwo matambiro aiita mimhanzi iri nyore. Nenguva isipi pakanga paine mbiya-nhengo dzine xylophone michina, apo mapini anobata pane mamwe makiyi. Magadzirirwo akadaro aive akawandisa, zvaive zvakaoma kuzvipfeka.

Pasinei nekuita sekureruka kwekutanga kwezana ramakore rechi 18, chirongo chine maitiro akaoma kunzwisisa uye inhengo diki isina makiyi. Chishandiso chinoshanda nekupa mhepo kumavhuvhu. Kutanga, nokutenderedza mubato unokosha, mhepo inopomba, uye ipapo kubudisa inzwi kunotanga. Kutenderedza mubato we roller, iyo organ grinder inoisa marevheti mukufamba. Vanoita patsanga dzinovhura nekuvhara mavharuvhu emhepo. Mapaipi maduku akaiswa mukati, achiyeuchidza nhengo dzepombi, uye mhepo inopinda mavari, kureba kwekuyerera kwayo kunodzorwa nemavharuvhu, inogadzira inzwi.

Pakutanga, munhu ane hurdy-gurdy "akapa" rwiyo rumwe, asi mushure mekuvandudzwa kwaigona kutoridza zvidimbu 6-8. Kuwedzera kwenhamba yenziyo kwakaitika nekuda kwekushandurwa kwe roller ine hairpins.

Mukutanga kwezana ramakore rechi XNUMX, hurdy-gurdy yakaonekwa, umo ma roller akatsiviwa nemarabhoni ane maburi ane maburi akarongwa mune yakakosha kurongeka inoenderana nezvibodzwa. Mudziyo wacho wakagamuchira michina yetsanga, uye nokuda kwejekiseni remhepo yaipfuura nomumakomba, kudedera, mitsindo yakadzikama yakaoneka. Mudziyo mumwe chetewo wakashandiswa mupiyanolas.

Nhoroondo yekwakabva nhengo yebhari

Kekutanga, musimboti wakadai wekuburitsa ruzha wakaonekwa muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX BC. Kunyange zvakadaro, vanhu vekare vakadzidza kushandisa ma rollers ane zviduku zviduku, chimwe nechimwe chazvo chaiva nebasa rekunyora.

Iyo nhengo yemugwagwa muchimiro umo vanhu vazhinji vanozviziva yakaonekwa muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX muEurope. Inogona kunge yakagadzirwa kunyangwe kare kare muHolland, uko chete madhirowa emuchina akachengetedzwa. Asi ivo vanyanya kuchembera kuti vaparadze mudziyo wacho zvakadzama, saka mavambo echiDutch haasati aratidzwa. Zvinotendwa kuti dhizaini yakatanga kushandiswa kupinza shiri, ndokusaka yakanzi "drozdovka" kana "chizhovka".

Uye zvakadaro, France inoonekwa senzvimbo yekuzvarwa yedhiramu nhengo. Yakanga iri mumigwagwa yemaguta eFrance apo vaimbi vaidzungaira vaifamba nebhokisi rinotakurika rairidza rwiyo rwakakurumbira "Charmante Catherine". Kugadzirwa kwemuchina wemuchina wekuridza mimhanzi kunonzi kuna tenzi weItaly Barbieri uye Swiss Antoine Favre. Uye nzira yehupenyu yeGermany yakapinda muchiridzwa se "Drehorgel" - "inotenderera nhengo" kana "Leierkasten" - "lyre mubhokisi".

MuRussia, kurira kwechirongo chakazivikanwa muzana remakore rechi19. Ainzi "Katerinka" nezita re heroine rwiyo rwekutanga. Yakaunzwa nevaimbi vekuPoland vaidzungaira. Saizi dzezviridzwa zvaibva kumabhokisi madiki ayo aigona kutakurwa zviri nyore kuenda kune zvimiro zvekabhati. Panguva iyoyo, hunhu hwechigadzirwa hwakanga hwatonyanya kufambira mberi, nekushandura matepi ane perforated zvaikwanisika kuridza nziyo dzakasiyana.

Iyo dhiramu nhengo yave ibasa chairo reunyanzvi. Zvishandiso zvakaonekwa, zvakashongedzwa nematombo uye zvishongo. Kazhinji maorgan grinders aiitwa pamwe chete nevatambi, vachiratidzira tudiki mumigwagwa.

Sezvineiwo, basa rekukuya organ harina kufa nanhasi. Panzvimbo dzemaguta eGermany, unogona kusangana nemurume akwegura ane hurdy-gurdy pangoro, achivaraidza veruzhinji uye vashanyi. Uye muDenmark, itsika kukoka munhu anokuya kumuchato kuti ape kupemberera kunakidza kwakakosha. Kana zvisingabviri kukoka muimbi, unogona kugara uchisangana naye paCharles Bridge. MuAustralia, vanhu vanoita maparade kumumhanzi wemuchina. Iyo yekare hurdy-gurdy inonzwikawo kune mamwe makondinendi epasi.