Bard |

Eng., Irl. uye Gaelic. bard, ot celtsk. bardo muimbi

Folk muimbi-munyori wemadzinza ekare eCeltic, cf. zana remakore - prof. nyanduri padare ramambo, p. arr. muIreland, Wales neScotland. Kwaivewo nemakorokoza. MuIreland, mabastards akabatana mumasangano akapesvedzera nzanga. hupenyu. Epic yepakutanga yeB. - nat. nhaka yeCeltic tsika. Yakakura mumazana emakore ekutanga AD. e. uye yakaramba isina kuchinja kweanoda kusvika mazana emakore 15. Pamwe chete neprose yekare. saga, kubva kuma10 c. pazvidzidzo zvimwe chetezvo, ch. arr. hurongwa hwehugamba, nziyo dzebhora dzakasimuka dzisina kurasikirwa nenhetembo dzadzo. kukosha (shanduro dzechiRussia dzemasamples enhetembo dzaB dzakagadzirwa naS. Ya. Marshak). B.'s repertoire zvakare yaisanganisira zvehondo, zvechitendero, uye zvekunyomba. nziyo, elegies, eclogues, etc. B. vakaimba, vachizviperekedza ivo pachavo pachiridzwa chakafanana nembira kruite (crwth) kana mole, yakatanga kudzurwa, ndokuzokotama, gare gare pane 3-tambo tilinka. Kunyange zvazvo mimhanzi yenziyo dzaB isina kuchengetedzwa, hunhu hwayo hunogona kutongwa nenhetembo. nziyo features; Sezviri pachena, zvimwe zvinhu zvemumhanzi wenziyo dzaB. zvakabatanidzwa muNar. rwiyo. B.'s suit yakaratidza kureva. pesvedzero pakuvandudzwa kwenziyo dzenyika nenhetembo. kusika. MuMiddle Ages, B. vakatambudzwa nezviremera; pasi paMambokadzi Elizabeth, vakatongerwa rufu nokuda kwokunyandura chimurenga cheIrish mukurwisana neEngland. Nekuderera kweiyo feudal-patriarchal system, B. estate yakanyangarika. Turlow O'Carolen (1670-1738) anonzi wekupedzisira B.. MuWestern Europe. lit-re zvinoreva. basa rakaitwa nekutevedzera nhetembo dzaB (Nziyo dzaOssian naJ. MacPherson nevamwe).

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