PI Tchaikovsky: kuburikidza neminzwa kune nyeredzi

    Kare kare, kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kwemiganhu yeRussia, mumapani eUkraine, kwaigara munhu anoda rusununguko. Cossack mhuri ine yakanaka surname Chaika. Nhoroondo yemhuri iyi inodzokera kumashure kwemazana emakore, apo madzinza eSlavic akagadzira nyika dzakaorera uye dzakanga dzisati dzaparadzaniswa kuva maRussia, maUkraine uye maBelarusian mushure mekupinda kwemauto eMongol-Tatar.

    Mhuri yaTchaikovsky yaida kuyeuka hupenyu hwehugamba hwasekuru vavo Fyodor Afanasyevich. Chaika (1695-1767), uyo, ane chinzvimbo chemukuru wezana, akashanda nesimba mukukundwa kwevaSweden nemauto eRussia pedyo nePoltava (1709). Muhondo iyoyo, Fyodor Afanasievich akakuvadzwa zvakakomba.

Panguva imwecheteyo, nyika yeRussia yakatanga kugovera mhuri imwe neimwe surname yechigarire panzvimbo yemadunhurirwa (mazita asiri erubhabhatidzo). Sekuru wemunyori akasarudza zita rekuti Tchaikovsky kumhuri yake. Aya marudzi emazita emhuri anoguma "mudenga" aionekwa seakanaka, sezvaakapiwa kumhuri dzeboka repamusoro. Uye zita rokuremekedza rakapiwa kuna sekuru nokuda kwe“basa rokutendeka kunyika yaBaba.” Munguva yehondo yeRussia-Turkish, akaita basa rakanyanya kunaka: akanga ari chiremba wemauto. Baba vaPyotr Ilyich, Ilya Petrovich Tchaikovsky (1795-1854), aiva injiniya wemugodhi ane mukurumbira.

     Zvichakadaro, kubvira kare muFrance maigara mhuri ine zita rekuti Assier. Ndiani ari panyika VaFrank vangangodaro vakafunga kuti mazana emakore gare gare mukutonhora, kure kure kuMuscovy muzukuru wavo aizova nyeredzi yakakurumbira pasi rose, ichakudza mhuri yeTchaikovsky neAssier kwemazana emakore.

     Amai venguva yemberi munyori mukuru, Alexandra Andreevna Tchaikovskaya, zita remusikana ane zita rekuti Assier (1813-1854), aiwanzoudza mwanakomana wake nezvasekuru vake Michel-Victor Assier, uyo aiva muvezi wemifananidzo ane mukurumbira wechiFrench, uye nezvababa vake, avo muna 1800. vakauya kuRussia ndokugara kuno kugara (vakadzidzisa chiFrench uye ChiJerimani).

Fate yakaunza mhuri mbiri idzi pamwechete. Uye Kubvumbi 25, 1840 muUrals mune imwe musha mudiki Peter akaberekerwa panzvimbo yeKama-Votkinsk. Zvino iri ndiro guta Votkinsk, Udmurtia.

     Vabereki vangu vaifarira mimhanzi. Amai vairidza piyano. Sang. Baba vangu vaifarira kuridza nyere. Manheru emimhanzi yevasadzidzi aiitirwa kumba. Mumhanzi wakapinda mundangariro dzemukomana kare, zvakamubata. Kunyanya kusimba padiki Peter (zita remhuri yake rainzi Petrusha, Pierre) rakaitwa ne orchestra yakatengwa nababa vake, mechanical organisation ine shafts, kutenderera kwacho kwakabudisa mimhanzi. Zerlina's aria kubva kuMozart's opera "Don Giovanni" yakaitwa, pamwe nearias kubva kumaopera naDonizetti naRossini. Pazera ramakore mashanu, Peter akashandisa dingindira kubva mumabasa emimhanzi aya mukufungidzira kwake papiyano.

     Kubva paudiki, mukomana akasara aine pfungwa isingadzimiki yekuramba akasuruvara nziyo dzevanhu dzaigona kunzwika manheru ezhizha akanyarara munzvimbo dzakapoteredza Votkinsk chirimwa.

     Akabva atanga kuda kufamba nehanzvadzi yake nevanin'ina vake, achiperekedzwa nagavhuna wake waaida Mukadzi wechiFrench Fanny Durbach. Taigara tichienda kudombo rinoyevedza rine zita rinoyevedza rokuti “Mudhara Nechembere.” Pakaita maungira asinganzwisisike ipapo… Takaenda kuchikepe murwizi Natva. Zvichida kufamba uku kwakakonzera tsika yekufamba-famba kwemaawa akawanda zuva rega rega, pese pazvaibvira, mune chero mamiriro ekunze, kunyangwe mumvura nemuchando. Achifamba muzvisikwa, atova munhu mukuru, munyori ane mukurumbira pasi rose akakweva kurudziro, mimhanzi inoumbwa nepfungwa, uye akawana rugare kubva muzvinetso zvakanga zvamutambudza upenyu hwake hwose.

      Kubatana pakati pekugona kunzwisisa zvisikwa uye kugona kugadzira kwakagara kucherechedzwa. Muzivi weRoma akakurumbira Seneca, akararama zviuru zviviri zvemakore zvakapfuura, akati: “Omnis ars. Naturae imitatio est" - "unyanzvi hwese kutevedzera zvisikwa." Maonero akajeka echisikigo uye kufungisisa kwakanatswa zvishoma nezvishoma kwakaumbwa muTchaikovsky kugona kuona izvo zvisingawanikwe kune vamwe. Uye pasina izvi, sezvatinoziva, hazvibviri kunyatsonzwisisa zvinoonekwa uye kuzviita mumhanzi. Nemhaka yokunzwa kwomwana kunokosha, kuterama, uye kusasimba kwechimiro chake, mudzidzisi akadana Peter kuti “mukomana wegirazi.” Kazhinji, nokuda kwokufara kana kuti kusuruvara, akasvika pakukwidziridzwa chaiko uye akatotanga kuchema. Akambotaura nemukoma wake kuti: “Paiva neminiti, awa yapfuura, ndiri pakati pemunda wegorosi wakatarisana nebindu, ndakazadzwa nemufaro zvokuti ndakapfugama ndikatenda Mwari nokuda kwezvose. kudzika kwemufaro wandakawana. " Uye mumakore ake akura, paiwanzova nezviitiko zvakafanana nezvakaitika panguva yekuumbwa kweSixth Symphony, apo, achifamba, achigadzira pfungwa, achidhirowa zvidimbu zvemimhanzi, misodzi yakayerera mumaziso ake.

     Kugadzirira kunyora opera "Musikana weOrleans" nezvehugamba uye hunoshamisa

Joan wekuArc, paaidzidza zvinyorwa zvenhoroondo nezvake, munyori wenziyo akabvuma kuti “… ndakava nekurudziro yakawandisa… Ndakatambura nekurwadziswa kwemazuva matatu akazara zvekuti pakanga paine zvinhu zvakawanda, asi simba remunhu uye nguva shoma! Kuverenga bhuku pamusoro paJoan wekuArc uye kusvika pakuramba (kuramba) uye kuurayiwa pachako… Ndakachema zvakanyanyisa. Ndakaerekana ndarwadziwa zvikuru, zvakarwadza vanhu vose, uye ndakakurirwa nokuora mwoyo kusingatauriki!”

     Pakukurukura zvinodiwa kuti munhu aite shasha, hapana chaanogona kuita kunze kwekucherechedza unhu hwaPetro hwakadai sechisimba fantasies. Aiva nezviratidzo uye manzwiro asina mumwe munhu akanzwa kunze kwake. Manzwiro ekufungidzira emimhanzi akakunda zviri nyore hunhu hwake hwose, akamubata zvachose, akapinda mukuziva kwake uye haana kumusiya kwenguva yakareba. Pane imwe nguva muhuduku, mushure memutambo wemanheru (zvichida izvi zvakaitika mushure mekuteerera rwiyo rweOpera yaMozart "Don Giovanni"), akazadzwa nemanzwiro aya zvokuti akanzwa akanyanyisa uye akachema kwenguva refu usiku, achiti: " Ah, mumhanzi uyu, mumhanzi uyu! Apo, vachiedza kumunyaradza, vakatsanangura kwaari kuti mutezo wacho wakanga wakanyarara uye “wave wakarara kwenguva refu,” Petro akapfuurira kuchema uye, akabata musoro wake, akadzokorora, kuti: “Ndine nziyo pano, pano. Haandipi rugare!”

     Muhuduku, munhu aigona kazhinji kuona mufananidzo wakadaro. Little Petya, akanyimwa mukana wokuridza piyano, achityira kuti aizonyanya kufara, aibaya-baya zvigunwe zvake patafura kana zvimwe zvinhu zvaiuya paruoko rwake.

      Amai vake vakamudzidzisa zvidzidzo zvake zvemimhanzi paaiva nemakore mashanu. Akamudzidzisa mimhanzi kuverenga Pazera remakore matanhatu akatanga kuridza piyano nechivimbo, kunyange zvazvo, hongu, kumba akadzidziswa kuridza kwete nyanzvi, asi "iye pachake," kungoperekedza kutamba uye nziyo. Kubva pazera remakore mashanu, Peter aifarira “kufungidzira” papiyano, kusanganisira madingindira enziyo dzainzwikwa paimbo yeimba. Kwaari zvaiita sekuti akatanga kunyora paakangodzidza kuridza.

     Sezvineiwo, kukura kwaPeter semuimbi hakuna kudziviswa nekumutarisira pasi. mano emimhanzi, yakaitika muhuduku uye kuyaruka. Vabereki, pasinei nekushuva kuri pachena kwomwana kwemimhanzi, havana kuziva (kana munhu wechikoro achikwanisa kuita kudaro) kudzika kwakazara kwetarenda rake uye, chaizvoizvo, haana kuita basa rake remimhanzi.

     Kubva paudiki, Peter aive akakomberedzwa nerudo uye nehanya mumhuri yake. Baba vake vaimuti mudiwa wake parera remhuri. Uye, chokwadi, ari mumusha wegreenhouse mhoteredzo, akanga asina kujaira chokwadi chakakasharara, "chokwadi chehupenyu" chaitonga kunze kwemadziro emba yangu. Kusava nehanya, unyengeri, kupandukira, kudheerera, kunyadziswa uye nezvimwe zvakawanda zvakanga zvisina kujairika ku“girazi mukomana.” Uye kamwe kamwe zvinhu zvose zvakachinja. Pazera ramakore gumi, vabereki vomukomana wacho vakamuendesa chikoro chebhodhingi, kwaakamanikidzwa kupedza rinopfuura gore asina amai vake vaaida, asina mhuri yake… Sezviri pachena, kushanduka kwakadaro kwakakonzera nhamo huru kuhunhu hwakanatswa hwomwana. O, amai, amai!

     Muna 1850 achangopedza chikoro chebhodhingi, Peter, pakusimbirira kwababa vake, akapinda muImperial School. mutemo. Kwemakore mapfumbamwe akadzidza jurisprudence ikoko (saenzi yemitemo inosarudza zvingaitwa uye zviito zvipi zvicharangwa). Akawana dzidzo yezvemitemo. Muna 1859 apedza kudzidza kukoreji, akatanga kushanda paBazi reRuramisiro. Vakawanda vangavhiringidzika, asi zvakadini nenziyo? Hongu, uye kazhinji, tiri kutaura nezvemushandi wehofisi kana muimbi mukuru? Tinokasira kukusimbisai. Makore ekugara kwake pachikoro aive asiri pasina kujaya remimhanzi. Chokwadi ndechekuti chikoro ichi chedzidzo chaive nekirasi yemimhanzi. Kudzidzira ikoko kwaisava kwekusungirwa, asi zvekusarudza. Petro akaedza kushandisa zvakanaka mukana uyu.

    Kubva 1852, Peter akatanga kudzidza mimhanzi zvakakomba. Pakutanga akatora zvidzidzo kubva kuItaly Piccioli. Kubvira muna 1855 akadzidza nomuimbi wepiyano Rudolf Kündinger. Pamberi pake, vadzidzisi vemimhanzi havana kuona tarenda mudiki Tchaikovsky. Kündinger angave ndiye akatanga kuona mano makuru omudzidzi: “… Kunzwa kwakanaka kunoshamisa, ndangariro, ruoko rwakaisvonaka.” Asi akanyanya kufadzwa nemano ake okugadzira zvinhu. Mudzidzisi wacho akashamiswa nokunzwisisa kwaPetro. Kündinger akati mudzidzi wacho, asina kujairana nedzidziso yemimhanzi, “kanoverengeka akandipa zano pamusoro pokutsinhirana, iro kazhinji kazhinji raishanda.”

     Mukuwedzera pakudzidza kuridza piyano, jaya racho rakatora rutivi mukwaya yechechi yechikoro. Muna 1854 akagadzira comic opera "Hyperbole".

     Muna 1859 akapedza kudzidza kukoreji uye akatanga kushanda paBazi reRuramisiro. Vanhu vakawanda vanotenda izvozvo nhamburiko dzakashandiswa pakuwana zivo yakanga isina chokuita nenziyo dzakanga dziri zvachose pasina. Isu tinogona kunge tichibvumirana neizvi ne caveat imwe chete: dzidzo yepamutemo yakabatsira pakuumbwa kwemaonero aTchaikovsky ane njere pamusoro pemagariro evanhu ari kuitika muRussia mumakore iwayo. Pane maonero pakati penyanzvi kuti munyori, muimbi, mudetembi, achida kana asingadi, anoratidza mumabasa ake nguva yemazuva ano ine zvakakosha, zvakasiyana. Uye kudzika kweruzivo rwemunyori, kunowedzera hupamhi hwemazariro ake, kujeka uye kwechokwadi zvakanyanya chiono chake chenyika.

     Mutemo kana mimhanzi, basa kumhuri kana zviroto zvehudiki? Tchaikovsky mune yake Ndakamira pamharadzano dzenzira kwemakore makumi maviri. Kuenda kuruboshwe zvinoreva kupfuma. Kana iwe ukaenda kurudyi, iwe uchatora nhanho kupinda muhupenyu hunokwezva asi husingafungidzike mumimhanzi. Petro akaziva kuti nekusarudza mimhanzi, aizopesana nezvinodiwa nababa vake nemhuri. Sekuru vake vakataura nezvechisarudzo chemuzukuru wavo: “O, Petya, Petya, zvinonyadzisa sei! Kutengeserana hutongi nepombi!” Iwe neni, tichitarisa kubva muzana redu rechi21, tinoziva kuti baba, Ilya Petrovich, vachaita noungwaru. Haangatuki mwanakomana wake pamusoro pezvaakasanangura; asi achatsigira Petro.

     Achizendamira kumumhanzi, munyori weramangwana akadhirowa yake nokungwarira ramangwana. Mutsamba yaakanyorera mukoma wake, akafanotaura kuti: “Ini ndingatadza kuenzanisa naGlinka, asi uchaona kuti uchadada kuva neukama neni.” Makore mashoma gare gare, imwe yeakanyanya Vatsoropodzi vemimhanzi yeRussia vane mukurumbira vachadaidza Tchaikovsky "tarenda guru Rashiya ".

      Mumwe nemumwe wedu dzimwe nguva anofanirawo kuita sarudzo. Isu tiri, hongu, tisingatauri nezve nyore zvisarudzo zvezuva nezuva: idya chokoreti kana machipisi. Tiri kutaura nezve yako yekutanga, asi pamwe sarudzo yakakomba, iyo inogona kufanoona ramangwana rako rose: "Chii chaunofanira kutanga kuita, kuona katuni kana kuita basa rako rechikoro?" Zvimwe unonzwisisa kuti kusarudza kwakarurama kwezvinokosha pakusarudza chinangwa, kukwanisa kushandisa nguva yako zvine musoro kunobva pakuti wawana migumisiro yakakomba muupenyu here kana kuti kwete.”

     Tinoziva nzira iyo Tchaikovsky akatora. Asi sarudzo yake yaive isina tsarukano here kana natural. Pakutanga kuona, hazvisi pachena kuti sei mwanakomana munyoro, akapfava, anoteerera akaita chiito cheushingi chechokwadi: akaputsa kuda kwababa vake. Nyanzvi dzepfungwa (dzinoziva zvakawanda nezvevavariro dzemaitiro edu) dzinoti sarudzo yemunhu inotsamira pazvinhu zvakawanda, kusanganisira hunhu hwemunhu, chimiro chemunhu, zvaanoda, zvinangwa zvehupenyu, uye zviroto. Ko munhu aida nziyo kubvira pauduku, aifema, akafunga nezvazvo, aigona sei kuita zvakasiyana? zvirevo, manzwi? Hunhu hwake husina kujeka hwenyama hwakatenderera pahwakanga husina kupinda kunzwisisa zvinhu zvemimhanzi. Heine mukuru akati: “Panoperera mashoko, ipapo mumhanzi unotanga”… Mudiki Tchaikovsky ainzwa zvine hungwaru kuti agadzirwa nemafungiro evanhu uye manzwiro erugare rwekubatana. Mweya wake waiziva kutaura kune izvi zvakanyanya zvisina musoro (iwe haugone kuzvibata nemaoko ako, haugone kuzvitsanangura nemafomu) zvinhu. Akanga ari pedyo nekunzwisisa chakavanzika chekuzvarwa kwemimhanzi. Nyika iyi yemashiripiti, isingasvikiki nevakawanda, yakamukoka.

     Mimhanzi inodiwa Tchaikovsky - nyanzvi yezvepfungwa inokwanisa kunzwisisa mukati memweya nyika yevanhu uye kuiratidza mumabasa. Uye, zvechokwadi, mimhanzi yake (somuenzaniso, "Iolanta") izere nemutambo wepfungwa wevatambi. Maererano nedhigirii yekupinda kweTchaikovsky munyika yemukati memunhu, akafananidzwa naDostoevsky.       Mamiriro emimhanzi epfungwa ayo Tchaikovsky akapa kune magamba ake ari kure nekuratidzwa kwakadzika. Pane zvinopesana, iyo mifananidzo yakagadzirwa ndeye-matatu-dimensional, stereophonic uye ichokwadi. Iwo anoratidzwa kwete mune akaomeswa stereotypical mafomu, asi mune dynamics, zvinoenderana chaizvo nekumonyoroka kwechirongwa.

     Hazvibviri kuumba symphony pasina basa rakaoma risina munhu. Naizvozvo mumhanzi akarayira Peter, uyo akabvuma kuti: “Pasina basa, upenyu hahuna revo kwandiri.” Mutsoropodzi wemimhanzi wekuRussia GA Laroche akati: "Tchaikovsky akashanda nesimba uye zuva rega rega ... Aisangana nemarwadzo anotapira ekugadzira ... Kusarovha zuva asina kushanda, kunyora panguva yakatarwa wakava mutemo kwaari kubva paudiki." Pyotr Ilyich akati nezvake: “Ndinoshanda semusungwa. Asina nguva yokupedza chimwe chikamu, akatanga kushanda pane chimwe. Tchaikovsky akati: "Kufemerwa muenzi asingadi kushanyira simbe."     

Kushanda nesimba kwaTchaikovsky uye, zvechokwadi, tarenda inogona kutongwa, somuenzaniso, nehuwandu akasvika nebasa raakapihwa naAG Rubinstein (akadzidzisa pa Conservatory of Composition) nyora zvakasiyana-siyana pane dingindira rakapihwa. Mudzidzisi aitarisira kugamuchira gumi kusvika makumi maviri akasiyana, asi akashamiswa apo Pyotr Ilyich akaratidzira anopfuura mazana maviri!” Nihil Volenti difficile est” (Kune avo vanoda, hapana chakaoma).

     Atova muhuduku hwake, basa raTchaikovsky raizivikanwa nekukwanisa kurongeka basa, nokuda kwe "chimiro chakanaka chepfungwa", basa iroro rakava "mufaro mukuru." Tchaikovsky, munyori wenziyo, akabatsirwa zvikuru nekutsetsenura kwake mumitoo yedimikira (dimikira, mufananidzo wemufungo wepfungwa isingaoneki). Iyi nzira yakashandiswa zvakanyanya mu ballet "The Nutcracker", kunyanya, mukuratidzwa kwezororo, iro rakatanga nekutamba kweSugar Plum Fairy. Divertimento – suite inosanganisira dhanzi reChocolate (kutamba kwakasimba, kunokurumidza kweSpanish), dhanzi reKofi (kutamba kwechiArab kwakasununguka nenziyo) nekutamba kweTii (kutamba kunotyisa kweChinese). Iyo divertissement inoteverwa nekutamba - kunakidzwa "Waltz yeMaruva" - fananidzo yechirimo, kumutswa kwezvisikwa.

     Kusikwa kwaPyotr Ilyich kwakabatsirwa nekuzvitsoropodza, pasina iyo nzira yekukwana. zvisingaiti. Pane imwe nguva, atova mumakore ake okukura, nenzira yakati akaona mabasa ake ose muraibhurari yapachivande ndokuti: “Ishe, ndanyora zvakawanda sei, asi zvose izvi hazvisati zvakwana, zvisina kusimba, hazvina kuitwa nounyanzvi.” Kwemakore, akachinja zvakanyanya mamwe emabasa ake. Ndakaedza kuyemura mabasa evamwe vanhu. Achizviongorora, akaratidza kuzvidzora. Pane imwe nguva, kumubvunzo wekuti "Peter Ilyich, iwe unenge watoneta nekurumbidza uye hausi kungoteerera?" munyori akapindura: "Ehe, veruzhinji vane mutsa kwandiri, pamwe zvakatopfuura zvandinofanirwa ..." Motto yaTchaikovsky yaive mazwi "Basa, ruzivo, kuzvininipisa."

     Aine utsinye, aiva nomutsa, ane tsitsi, uye aiteerera vamwe. Haana kumbodaro kusava nehanya nematambudziko nematambudziko evamwe. Mwoyo wake wakanga wakavhurika kuvanhu. Akaratidza kuva nehanya zvikuru nevakoma vake nedzimwe hama dzake. Apo muzukuru wake Tanya Davydova akarwara, akava naye kwemwedzi inoverengeka ndokumusiya bedzi apo akapora. Mutsa wake wakaratidzwa, kunyanya, pakuti akapa mari yake yemudyandigere nemari paaikwanisa, hama, kusanganisira vari kure, nemhuri dzavo.

     Panguva imwecheteyo, panguva yebasa, semuenzaniso, pakudzokorora neochestra, akaratidza kusimba, kunyatsoita, kuwana ruzha rwakajeka, rwakajeka rwechiridzwa chimwe nechimwe. Hunhu hwaPyotr Ilyich hwaizove husina kukwana pasina kutaura akati wandei ake ega unhu Hunhu hwake dzimwe nguva hwaifara, asi kazhinji aiwanzogara akasuwa uye kusuruvara. Naizvozvo mu basa rake rakanga richidzorwa nezvinyorwa zviduku, zvinosuruvarisa. Yakavharwa. Kuda kuva wega. Kunyange zvazvo zvingaita sezvinoshamisa, kusurukirwa kwakaparira kukwezvwa kwake nenziyo. Akava shamwari yake kwoupenyu hwose, akamununura pakusuwa.

     Munhu wose aimuziva semunhu ane mwero, anonyara. Akanga akananga, akatendeseka, aitaura chokwadi. Vakawanda vepanguva yake vaiona Pyotr Ilyich semunhu akadzidza zvikuru. Kashoma Munguva dzekuzorora, aifarira kuverenga, kuenda kumakonzati, uye kuita mabasa aaida Mozart, Beethoven nevamwe vaimbi. Pazera remakore manomwe aigona kutaura uye kunyora muchiGermany nechiFrench. Gare gare akadzidza chiItaly.

     Aine hunhu hwemunhu nehunyanzvi hunodiwa kuti ave muimbi mukuru, Tchaikovsky akaita shanduko yekupedzisira kubva pabasa segweta kuenda kumumhanzi.

     Nzira yakananga, kunyangwe yakaoma, ine minzwa kuenda kumusoro yakavhurwa pamberi paPyotr Ilyich unyanzvi hwokuimba. “Per aspera ad astra” (Kuburikidza neminzwa kusvika kunyeredzi).

      Muna 1861, mugore rechimakumi maviri nerimwe rehupenyu hwake, akapinda makirasi emimhanzi paRussian nzanga yemimhanzi, iyo makore matatu gare gare yakachinjwa kuva St Conservatory. Akanga ari mudzidzi wemuimbi akakurumbira uye mudzidzisi Anton Grigorievich Rubinstein (zviridzwa uye kuumbwa). Mudzidzisi ane ruzivo akabva angoziva tarenda rinoshamisa muna Pyotr Ilyich. Pasi pesimba rechiremera chikuru chemudzidzisi wake, Tchaikovsky kwenguva yekutanga akawana chivimbo mukugona kwake uye nechido, nesimba rakapetwa katatu uye kurudziro, akatanga kunzwisisa mitemo yekugadzira mimhanzi.

     Kurota kwe "girazi mukomana" kwakaitika - muna 1865. akagamuchira dzidzo yepamusoro yemimhanzi.

Pyotr Ilyich akapiwa menduru huru yesirivha. Akakokwa kudzidzisa paMoscow Conservatory. Akagamuchira chinzvimbo semupurofesa wemahara kuumbwa, kuwirirana, dzidziso uye zvishandiso.

     Achienda kuchinangwa chake chaaida, Pyotr Ilyich akazokwanisa kuve nyeredzi yehukuru hwekutanga pa nzvimbo yemimhanzi yenyika. Mutsika yeRussia, zita rake riri padanho nemazita

Pushkin, Tolstoy, Dostoevsky. Pamumhanzi wepasi rose weOlympus, mupiro wake wekugadzira unofananidzwa nebasa raBach naBeethoven, Mozart naSchubert, Schumann naWagner, Berlioz, Verdi, Rossini, Chopin, Dvorak, Liszt.

     Mupiro wake kutsika yemimhanzi yenyika yakakura. Mabasa ake ane simba zvikuru yakazadzwa nemafungiro evanhu, kutenda mune ramangwana repamusoro remunhu. Pyotr Ilyich akaimba kukunda kwemufaro nerudo rwepamusoro pamusoro pemasimba ehuipi nehutsinye.

     Mabasa ake ane simba guru remanzwiro. Mumhanzi unorevesa, inodziya, inoda kunaka, kusuwa, kiyi diki. Iyo ine mavara, yerudo uye hupfumi hwemhanzi husina kujairika.

     Basa raTchaikovsky rinomiririrwa nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemimhanzi: ballet uye opera, masimphoni uye chirongwa chesymphonic mabasa, makonti uye mumhanzi wekamuri ensembles, kwaya, mabasa ezwi… Pyotr Ilyich akagadzira gumi opera, kusanganisira “Eugene Onegin”, “The Queen of Spades”, “Iolanta”. Akapa nyika mabheti "Swan Lake", "Sleeping Beauty", "The Nutcracker". Pfuma yehudhirowa hwepasirese inosanganisira masimphoni matanhatu, fungidziro - fungidziro dzinobva paShakespeare's "Romeo naJuliet", "Hamlet", uye orchestral mutambo weSolemn Overture "1812". Akanyora makonsati epiyano uye orchestra, koniti yeviolin uye orchestra, uye masutu eiyo symphony orchestra, kusanganisira Mocertiana. Zvidimbu zvepiano, zvinosanganisira "Mwaka" kutenderera uye zverudo, zvinozivikanwawo sehunyanzvi hwemhando dzepasirese.

     Zvakaoma kufungidzira kuti uku kungadai kwakave kurasikirwa kwakadini kune nyika yeunyanzvi hwemimhanzi. dzorera kurova kwekupedzisira kwakaitika ku "girazi mukomana" muhuduku hwake uye kuyaruka. Chete munhu akazvipira nekusingaperi kune art anogona kutsungirira miedzo yakadai.

Rimwe dambudziko rekupedzisira rakaitirwa Pyotr Ilyich mwedzi mitatu mushure mekupera kwe Conservatory. Mutsoropodzi wemimhanzi Ts.A. Cui asina kufanirwa akapa kuongororwa kwakashata kwekugona kwaTchaikovsky. Neshoko risina kutendeseka rainzwika nezwi guru muSt. Petersburg Gazette, munyori wacho akakuvara kusvika pamwoyo… Makore mashoma akanga apfuura, amai vake vakashaya. Akagamuchira kurohwa kwakanyanya kubva kumukadzi waaida, uyo, nguva pfupi mushure mekupfimbana naye, akamusiya nemari yeimwe ...

     Paiva nemimwe miedzo yeramangwana. Zvichida ndicho chikonzero, achiedza kuvanza kubva kumatambudziko aimutambudza, Pyotr Ilyich akatungamirira mararamiro ekudzungaira kwenguva yakareba, kazhinji achichinja nzvimbo yake yekugara.

     Kurova kwekupedzisira kwekupedzisira kwakave kunouraya ...

     Tinotenda Pyotr Ilyich nekuzvipira kwake kumimhanzi. Akatiratidza, vaduku nevakuru, muenzaniso wokutsungirira, wokutsungirira, uye wokutsunga. Akafunga nezvedu vaimbi vechidiki. Sezvo atova mukuru munyori ane mukurumbira, akakomberedzwa nezvinetso zve "vakuru", akatipa zvipo zvinokosha. Pasinei nepurogiramu yake yakabatikana, akashandura bhuku raRobert Schumann rinonzi “Life Rules and Advice to Young Musicians” muchiRussian. Ava nemakore makumi matatu nemasere, akakubudisira muunganidzwa wemitambo inonzi “Album yevana”.

     “The Glass Boy” akatikurudzira kuva nomutsa uye kuona kunaka kuri muvanhu. Akatipa rudo rwehupenyu, zvisikwa, unyanzvi ...