Spatial music |
German Raummusik
Nziyo dzinoshandisa ruzha rwenzvimbo: echo, kurongeka kwevatambi, nezvimwewo. Izwi rekuti “P. m." akaonekwa mumabhuku emimhanzi pakati. 20th century, asi isingawanzo kushandiswa. Haarevi k.-l. kuzvimiririra. mhando yemimhanzi, nekuti mhedzisiro yenzvimbo ndeye, sekutonga, imwe chete yeanotaura. zvinoreva kushandiswa mumhanzi. zvigadzirwa zvine chekuita neP.m. In decomp. nguva dzenhorondo yaP.m dzakashandiswa kana dzine chekuita ne. Mamiriro ekuita (semuenzaniso kunze), kana nekuda kwekushongedza (semuenzaniso zvine chekuita nedanho rekugadzira basa). Mukuita zvekunamata, iyo antiphonal uye yekupindura misimboti yekuumbwa uye kuita inogona kutorwa seyakafanana yeP. mitsara uye zvikamu zvikuru zveOp. kubva kune imwe kwaya kana hafu-kwaya kuenda kune imwe (mbiri- uye nhatu-nziyo dzekwaya dzakabatanidzwa neizvi, kunyanya pakati peVenetians muzana ramakore rechi16). Ku theatre. Mumhanzi unoshandisa juxtaposition ye orchestra pamberi pechikuva uye orchestra pachikuva, pamwe chete nemimwe mhedzisiro (orchestra iri munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzechikuva muMozart's Don Giovanni; nzira uye kubviswa kwekwaya yevagari vemumusha muBorodin's Prince. Igor, nezvimwewo). Spatial mhedzisiro yakashandiswawo mumimhanzi mumhepo yakavhurika, pamvura (semuenzaniso, "Mimhanzi paMvura" uye "Mimhanzi muSango" neHandel). Dzimwe nguva, P.'s samples dzem dzinowanikwa musymphony. genre. Serenade (nocturne) raMozart (K.-V. 286, 1776 kana kuti 1777), rakanyorerwa zvikwata zvina zvevaimbi, rakagadzirirwa kudetemba kunoita maungira uye rinobvumira kuiswa kwakaparadzana kwevaimbi. Mu "Requiem" naBerlioz, 4 mweya inoshandiswa. orchestra iri munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzehoro.
Muzana ramakore rechi20 P.'s value m yakawedzera. Mumatare edhipatimendi, iyo spatial factor inova imwe yehwaro hwakakosha hwemuses. zvimiro (chaizvoizvo P. m). Vamwe vanyori vemazuva ano vanonyatsogadzira pfungwa yeP.m. (kutanga pane zvose, K. Stockhausen - semunyori uye semudzidzisi; kekutanga mune op. "Kuimba kwemajaya ... ", 1956, uye "Boka" ye3 orchestras, 1957; zvichibva pane pfungwa ye Stockhausen paEXPO-70 muOsaka, horo yakakosha yakavakirwa P. m., mugadziri Borneman). Hongu, kugadzirwa J. Xenakis "Terretektor" (1966) yakagadzirirwa kwete chete nokuda kwekuita kwekufamba kwezwi rinonzwika rakakomberedza vateereri panguva yekuchinjana kwevatambi vanowanikwa. mapoka, asi (nekuda kwekuiswa kwevanhu mukati me orchestra yakatemwa nemunyori) uye panguva imwe chete. mhedzisiro yekufamba kwayo kwerectilinear, sekunge ichipfuura "nekuburikidza nevateereri". Mabasa ane hukama neiyo chaiyo P.m., ndeye Ch. arr. experimental.
Yu. N. Kholopov
