Muzio Clementi (Muzio Clementi) |

Muzio Clementi

Clements. Sonatina muC mukuru, Op. 36 No. 1 Andante

Muzio Clementi - muimbi wezana namakumi matanhatu sonatas, akawanda organ uye piyano zvidimbu, akati wandei symphonies uye zvidzidzo zvakakurumbira "Gradus ad Parnassum", akaberekerwa muRoma muna 1752, mumhuri ye jeweler, anofarira mimhanzi. haana chaakasiya kupa mwanakomana wake dzidzo yakasimba yemimhanzi. Kwemakore matanhatu, Muzio akanga achitoimba kubva mumanotsi, uye tarenda rakapfuma remukomana uyu rakabatsira vadzidzisi vake - mutambi weCardicelli, the counterpointist Cartini uye muimbi Santorelli, kugadzirira mukomana ane makore mapfumbamwe okuberekwa bvunzo yemakwikwi yenzvimbo. munhu weogani. Pazera ramakore gumi nemana, Clementi akatora rwendo rwokuenda kuEngland nomuteveri wake, muRungu Bedford. Mhedzisiro yerwendo urwu yaive kukokwa kune wechidiki tarenda kuti atore nzvimbo yebhendi yemutambo weItaly muLondon. Kuenderera mberi nekuvandudza mukuridza piyano, Clementi anozozivikanwa seakanakisa virtuoso uye mudzidzisi wepiyano akanakisa.

Muna 1781 akaita rwendo rwake rwekutanga rwehunyanzvi muEurope. Kupfurikidza neStrasbourg neMunich, akasvika muVienna, uko akava pedyo neMozart naHaydn. Kuno muVienna, makwikwi pakati peClementi naMozart akaitika. Chiitiko chacho chakamutsa kufarira kukuru pakati pevanoda mimhanzi yeViennese.

Kubudirira kwekushanya kwekonzati kwakabatsira kune mamwe mabasa aClementi mumunda uyu, uye muna 1785 akaenda kuParis akakunda maParisians nemutambo wake.

Kubva 1785 kusvika 1802, Clementi akambomira mitambo yekoniti yeruzhinji ndokutanga kudzidzisa nekunyora zviitiko. Pamusoro pezvo, mukati memakore manomwe aya, akatanga uye aine dzimba dzinoverengeka dzekutsikisa mimhanzi uye mafekitori ezviridzwa zvemimhanzi.

Muna 1802, Clementi, pamwe chete nemudzidzi wake Field, akaita rwendo rwechipiri rukuru rweunyanzvi kuburikidza neParis neVienna kusvika kuSt. Kwose kwose vanogamuchirwa nechido. Munda unoramba uri muSt. Petersburg, uye Zeiner anokumbanira Clementi munzvimbo yake; muBerlin neDresden vanobatanidzwa naBerger naKlengel. Pano, muBerlin, Clementi anoroora, asi nokukurumidza anorasikirwa nomudzimai wake muduku uye, kuitira kuti abvise kusuruvara kwake, anodzokera kuSt. Petersburg nevadzidzi vake Berger naKlengel. Muna 1810, kuburikidza neVienna neItaly yose, Clementi akadzokera kuLondon. Pano muna 1811 anoroorazve, uye kusvikira pakupera kwemazuva ake haana kubva muEngland, kunze kwechando che1820, chaakapedza muLeipzig.

Kubwinya kwenziyo kwemunyori hakuperi. Akavamba Philharmonic Society muLondon uye akaitisa symphony orchestras, achiita mupiro mukuru mukuvandudzwa kwepiyano art.

Vemazuva ano vakadana Clementi "baba vemimhanzi yepiyano". Muvambi uye mukuru weinonzi London school of pianism, akanga ari brilliant virtuoso, achirova nerusununguko uye nyasha dzekutamba, kujekesa kweminwe nzira. Clementi akarera munguva yake boka renyeredzi revadzidzi vanoshamisa, avo vakanyanya kufunga nezvekuvandudzwa kwekuita kwepiyano kwemakore mazhinji anotevera. Muimbi wacho akapfupikisa chiitiko chake chekuita uye chekudzidzisa mubasa rakasiyana-siyana "Nzira dzekuridza Piano", iyo yaiva imwe yezvakanakisa zvemimhanzi panguva yayo. Asi kunyange zvino, mudzidzi wose wechikoro chemazuva ano chemimhanzi anoziva; kuti unyatso kuvandudza nzira yekuridza piyano, zvinongodiwa kuridza etudes yaClementi.

Semuparidzi, Clementi akaburitsa mabasa evazhinji venguva yake. Kekutanga muEngland, akati wandei mabasa aBeethoven akabudiswa. Mukuwedzera, akabudisa mabasa nevanyori vezana remakore rechi1823 (mukugadzirisa kwake). Muna 1832, Clementi akatora chikamu mukuumbwa uye kuburitswa kweiyo yekutanga huru esaikoropidhiya yemimhanzi. Muzio Clementi akafira muLondon muna XNUMX, achisiya mari zhinji. Akatisiira mimhanzi yake inoshamisa, ine tarenda.

Viktor Kashirnikov