Lev Nikolayevich Revutsky |

Lev Revutsky

Danho rinokosha munhoroondo yeUkraine mimhanzi yeSoviet inosanganiswa nezita raL. Revutsky. Kusika nhaka yemunyori idiki - 2 symphonies, piano concerto, sonata uye nhevedzano yezvidiki zvepiyanoforte, 2 cantatas ("Handkerchief" yakavakirwa padetembo raT. Shevchenko "Handina kufamba neSvondo" uye nezwi-symphonic. nhetembo "Ode to a Song" yakavakirwa pamavhesi aM. Rylsky) , nziyo, makwaya uye anopfuura zana nemakumi maviri akagadziridzwa enziyo dzechivanhu. Zvisinei, zvakaoma kunyanyofungira mupiro wemunyori kutsika dzenyika. Concert yake yaive muenzaniso wekutanga weiyi genre muUkraine nyanzvi mimhanzi, Yechipiri Symphony yakateya nheyo dzeUkraine Soviet symphony. Kuunganidza kwake uye kutenderera kwekugadzirisa zvakanyanya kukudziridza tsika dzakaiswa nevanyori vakadai saN. Lysenko, K. Stetsenko, Ya. Stepova. Revutsky ndiye akatanga kugadzirisa nyaya dzeSoviet.

Kubudirira kwebasa remunyori kwakasvika kuma20s. uye zvakapindirana nenguva yekukurumidza kukura kwekuzivikanwa kwenyika, kushingaira kudzidza kwezvakaitika kare uye tsika dzekare. Panguva ino, kune kuwedzera kufarira muhunyanzvi hwezana ramakore re1921, hwakazadzwa nemweya weanti-serfdom. (kunyanya kubasa raT. Shevchenko, I. Franko, L. Ukrainka), kune unyanzvi hwevanhu. Muna 1919, hofisi yemimhanzi uye ethnographic yakavhurwa muKyiv paAcademy of Sciences yeUkraine SSR, kuunganidzwa kwenziyo dzevanhu uye zvidzidzo zvetsika nenyanzvi dzengano K. Kvitka, G. Verevka, N. Leontovich dzakabudiswa, uye magazini emimhanzi. zvakabudiswa. Yekutanga republican symphony orchestra yakaonekwa (XNUMX), ensembles dzekamuri, nyika mimhanzi yemitambo yemitambo yakavhurwa. Yakanga iri mumakore aya iyo aesthetics yeRevutsky yakapedzisira yaumbwa, anenge ose emabasa ake akanaka akaonekwa. Zvakadzika midzi muhunyanzvi hwemhando yepamusoro, mhanzi yaRevutsky yakatora rwiyo rwake rwechokwadi uye hupamhi hweepic, kupenya kwemanzwiro uye kupenya. Iye anoratidzirwa ne classical kuwirirana, proportionality, yakajeka tariro mafungiro.

Revutsky akaberekerwa mumhuri yakangwara yemimhanzi. Makonzati aiwanzoitirwa kumba, apo mimhanzi yaI, S. Bach, WA Mozart, F. Schubert yakarira. Mangwanani-ngwanani mukomana akaziva rwiyo rwechivanhu. Pazera remakore mashanu Revutsky akatanga kudzidza mimhanzi naamai vake, ipapo nevadzidzisi vakasiyana-siyana vepurovhinzi. Muna 5, akapinda Kyiv School of Music uye Drama, apo piyano mudzidzisi wake aiva N. Lysenko, anoshamisa munyori uye muvambi wokuUkraine nyanzvi mumhanzi. Zvisinei, zvido zveRevutsky muhuduku hwake hazvina kungogumira kumimhanzi chete, uye muna 1903. akapinda muChikoro chePhysics uye Masvomhu uye Faculty of Law of Kyiv University. Mukufanana, munyori weramangwana anopinda hurukuro paRMO Music School. Mukati memakore aya, pakanga pane boka rakasimba re opera muKyiv, iro rakaratidzira Russian uye Western European classics; makonzati e<em>symphonic uye chamber akaitwa zvakarongeka, vaimbi vakatanhamara nevanyori vakadai saS. Rachmaninov, A. Scriabin, V. Landovskaya, F. Chaliapin, L. Sobinov vakashanya. Zvishoma nezvishoma, hupenyu hwemimhanzi hweguta hunofadza Revutsky, uye, achienderera mberi nezvidzidzo zvake kuyunivhesiti, anopinda muimba yekuchengetedza iyo yakavhurwa pahwaro hwechikoro mukirasi yeR. Gliere (1908). Zvisinei, hondo uye kubviswa kwezvikoro zvose zvedzidzo zvakabatanidzwa nazvo zvakakanganisa zvidzidzo zvakarongeka. Muna 1913, Revutsky akapedza kudzidza kubva kuyunivhesiti uye Conservatory nekukurumidza (zvikamu zviviri zveFirst Symphony uye zvidimbu zvepiyano zvakawanda zvakaratidzwa sebasa rekunyora). Mu1916, anoguma ari kumberi kweRiga. Mushure meGreat October Socialist Revolution, kudzokera kumusha kuIrzhavets, munyori wacho akapinda mubasa rekugadzira - akanyora zverudo, nziyo dzakakurumbira, makwaya, uye imwe yenziyo dzake dzakanakisisa, cantata The Handkerchief (2).

Muna 1924, Revutsky akatamira kuKyiv uye akatanga kudzidzisa paMusic and Drama Institute, uye mushure mekuparadzaniswa kwayo kuva yunivhesiti yemitambo uye nzvimbo yekuchengetedza, akatamira kune dhipatimendi rekunyora paConservatory, uko, kwemakore akawanda ebasa, rose. boka renyeredzi revanyori vekuUkraine vane tarenda vakasiya kirasi yake - P naG. Mayboroda, A. Filippenko, G. Zhukovsky, V. Kireyko, A. Kolomiets. Mazano ekugadzira emunyori anosiyaniswa nehupamhi uye hunyanzvi. Asi nzvimbo yepakati mavari ndeyekurongeka kwenziyo dzevanhu - komiki uye nhoroondo, nziyo uye tsika. Aya ndiwo maratidziro akaita matenderera "Zuva, Galician Nziyo" uye muunganidzwa we "Cossack Songs", iyo yakatora nzvimbo yakakosha munhaka yemunyori. Hupfumi hwakadzama hwemutauro mukubatana kwehupenyu netsika dzakarambwa dzemimhanzi yemazuva ano yehunyanzvi, kujeka kwemutinhimira uri pedyo nenziyo dzechivanhu, uye nhetembo zvakava zviratidzo zverunyoro rwaRevutsky. Muenzaniso unokatyamadza wekufungazve kwakadai kwehunyanzvi yaive Second Symphony (1927), Piano Concerto (1936) uye symphonic misiyano yeCossack.

Mumakore makumi matatu. muimbi anonyora kwaya dzevana, mimhanzi yemafirimu nemitambo yemitambo, nziyo dzezviridzwa ("Ballad" yecello, "Moldavian lullaby" yeoboe uye tambo orchestra). Kubva 30 kusvika 1936 Revutsky ari kuita mukupedzisa nekugadzirisa kusikwa kwepamusoro kwemudzidzisi wake - N. Lysenko's opera "Taras Bulba". Pakatanga hondo, Revutsky akatamira Tashkent uye akashanda panguva Conservatory. Nzvimbo inotungamira mubasa rake ikozvino yakagarwa nerwiyo rwekuda nyika.

Muna 1944 Revutsky akadzokera Kyiv. Zvinotora muimbi simba rakawanda uye nguva yekudzoreredza zvibodzwa zvesymphonies mbiri uye konsati yakarasika munguva yehondo - anoinyora pasi kubva mundangariro, achiita shanduko. Pakati pemabasa matsva "Ode kuRwiyo" uye "Rwiyo rwePati", yakanyorwa sechikamu cheboka re cantata. Kwenguva refu, Revutsky akatungamira Union of Composers yeUkraine SSR, uye akaita huwandu hukuru hwebasa rekunyora pamabasa akaunganidzwa eLysenko. Kusvikira pamazuva ekupedzisira ehupenyu hwake, Revutsky akashanda semudzidzisi, akabudisa zvinyorwa, uye akaita seanopikisa mukudzivirira dissertations.

... Pane imwe nguva, ave kutozivikanwa semukuru wemimhanzi yeUkraine, Lev Nikolayevich akaedza kuongorora nzira yake yekugadzira muunyanzvi uye akagumburwa nenhamba shoma yemaopuses nekuda kwekugara, kudzokororwa kweakapedzwa nziyo. Chii chakaita kuti arambe achishingirira adzokerazve kune zvaakanga anyora? Kuvavarira kukwana, chokwadi norunako, kuomesera uye mafungire asingachinji mukuongorora basa rako pachako. Izvi zvakagara zvakasarudza credo yekusika yeRevutsky, uye pakupedzisira, hupenyu hwake hwose.

O. Dashevskaya