Konstantin Solomonovich Sarajev (Sarajjev, Konstantin) |
Sarajev, Konstantin
People's Artist yeArmenian SSR (1945). Chiitiko chaSaradzhev chinosanganisira, sekunge, kuenderera kwetsika yemimhanzi yeSoviet nemhando dzechiRussian classics. Unhu hwekusika hwemuimbi wechidiki hwakagadzirwa paMoscow Conservatory pasi pesimba rinobatsira revadzidzisi vake - S. Taneyev, I. Grzhimali, V. Safonov, N. Kashkin, G. Konyus, M. Ippolitov-Ivanov. Mushure mekupedza kudzidza kubva kuConservatory muna 1898, Saradzhev akatanga kuita makonzati akazvimirira semuridzi weviolinist. Akatoenda kuPrague kuti avandudze nemuimbi ane mukurumbira weviolin O. Shevchik. Zvisinei, kare mumakore iwayo aida kuva kondakita. Muna 1904, Saradzhev akaenda kuLeipzig kunodzidza naA. Nikish. Muitisi akatanhamara akaonga zvikuru mano omudzidzi wake, akabva kuRussia. Purofesa G. Tigranov anonyora kuti: “Vachitungamirirwa naNikish Saradzhev vakagadzira unyanzvi hwokuitisa hwakanakisisa—chiratidzo chinobudisa pachena, chakajeka uye chakajeka, kukwanisa kuisa orchestra pasi pezvinangwa zvake zveunyanzvi, izvo, kuvandudza nokupfumisa, zvakazoita hwaro hwe maitiro ake ekuita."
Paakadzokera kuMoscow, Saradzhev akazvipira nesimba rinoshamisa kumitambo yakasiyana-siyana yemimhanzi, achitanga basa rake rekuitisa muna 1908 uye kugona zvibodzwa zvakaoma zvikuru nekumhanya kwakasiyana. Saka, maererano naG. Konyus, mumwedzi mina ye1910 Saradzhev yakaita 31 makonti. Zvirongwa zvacho zvaisanganisira anosvika makumi mashanu emabasa makuru eorchestra uye makumi manomwe neshanu madiki. Panguva imwe cheteyo, vazhinji vavo vakarira kekutanga. Saradzhev akapa mabasa matsva naDebussy, Stravinsky, Prokofiev, Ravel, Myaskovsky nevamwe vanyori kune mutongo wevateereri veRussia. "Evenings of Contemporary Music", yakavambwa naye pamwe chete nemutsoropodzi wemimhanzi V. Derzhanovsky, akaita basa guru mukuvandudzwa kwehupenyu hwetsika hweMoscow. Panguva imwecheteyo, akaitisa mitambo yeopera paSergiev-Alekseevsky People's House, achiita zvinofadza zveTchaikovsky's Cherevichek, Ippolitov-Ivanov's Treason, Rachmaninoff's Aleko, Mozart's Marriage of Figaro, uye Massenet's Werther. Konyus akanyora ipapo kuti "mumunhu weSaradzhev, Moscow ine muturikiri asinganeti, akazvipira uye mutsinhiri wemabasa eunyanzvi hwemimhanzi. Kupa tarenda rake pakudzidza kwete chete zvisikwa zvinozivikanwa, asi kusvika pamwero wakafananawo zvisikwa zvakamirira kucherechedzwa, Saradzhev nokudaro inopa basa rakakosha kune hunyanzvi hwepamba pachayo.
Kugamuchira Great October Revolution, Saradzhev akafara kupa simba rake pakuvaka tsika yechidiki yeSoviet. Achienderera mberi nemabasa ake semutungamiri mumaguta akasiyana-siyana eU.SR (maopera emitambo muSaratov, Rostov-on-Don), aivawo mumwe wevanyori vekutanga vemunyika yedu vakabudirira kunze kwenyika uye vakasimudzira mimhanzi yeSoviet ikoko. Sarajev anodzidzisa kuzvikoro zvedzidzo, anoronga ensembles emimhanzi uye orchestra, zvese nyanzvi uye amateur. Basa rose iri rakafadza Saradzhev zvikuru, uyo, maererano naB. Khaikin, “akanga ari muimbi anotungamirirwa nedemocracy.” Pakuda kwake, dhipatimendi rinotungamirira rakavhurwa paMoscow Conservatory. Kusikwa kweSoviet yekuitisa chikoro kunonyanya kukosha kwaSaradzhev. Akaunza galaxy yevaimbi vechidiki, kusanganisira B. Khaikin, M. Paverman, L. Ginzburg, S. Gorchakov, G. Budagyan nevamwe.
Kubva 1935, Sarajev aigara muYerevan uye akaita mupiro wakakura mukusimudzira tsika yemimhanzi yeArmenian. Musoro uye mutungamiri mukuru weYerevan Opera uye Ballet Theatre (1935-1940), panguva imwechete akanga ari mumwe wevarongi uye ipapo unyanzvi mutungamiriri weArmenian Philharmonic; kubvira 1936, muimbi anoremekedzwa - mutungamiriri weYerevan Conservatory. Uye kwose kwose basa raSaradzhev rakasiya chiratidzo chisingadzimiki uye chinobereka zvibereko.
Lit.: KS Saradzhev. Zvinyorwa, ndangariro, M., 1962.
L. Grigoriev, J. Platek
