André Cluytens |
André Cluytens
Zvairatidza kuti zvainge zvaita Andre Kluitens pastand yaconductor. Vose sekuru vake nababa vake vaiva makondakita, asi iye pachake akatanga ari piano, akapedza kudzidza kubva kuAntwerp Conservatory pazera remakore gumi nematanhatu mukirasi yeE. Boske. Kluitens akabva abatana neRoyal Opera House yemuno semupiyano-anoperekedza uye mutungamiriri wekwaya. Anotaura zvinotevera nezvekutanga kwake somuitisi: “Ndakanga ndine makore 21 okukura apo imwe Svondo baba vangu, kondakita weimba yemitambo imwe cheteyo, vakarwara kamwe kamwe. Kuita sei? Svondo - mabhaisikopo ese akavhurika, makondakita ese akabatikana. Mutungamiriri akasarudza kutora danho rekupererwa: akapa wechidiki anoperekedza kuti atore njodzi. Ma “Pearl Seekers” akanga ari… Pakupedzisira, vakuru vose veAntwerp vakazivisa nezwi rimwe chete kuti: Andre Kluytens ndiye kondakita akaberekwa. Zvishoma nezvishoma, ndakatanga kutsiva baba vangu pastand yakondakita; paakasiya basa remitambo muukweguru hwake, ndakazotora nzvimbo yake.
Mumakore akazotevera, Kluitens akaita chete semutambi weopera. Anotungamira mabhaisikopo muToulouse, Lyon, Bordeaux, achiwana kuzivikanwa kwakasimba muFrance. Muna 1938, nyaya yacho yakabatsira muimbi kuti aite debut yake pachikuva symphony: muna Vichy aifanira kuita konzati kubva mabasa Beethoven panzvimbo Krips, uyo akarambidzwa kubva Austria inogarwa maGermany. Mumakore gumi akatevera, Kluytens akaita mitambo yeopera nemakonzati muLyon neParis, ndiye akatanga kuita mabasa akati wandei nevanyori vechiFrench - J. Francais, T. Aubin, JJ Grunenwald, A. Jolivet, A. Busse, O. Messiaen, D. Millau nevamwe.
The heyday yebasa rekugadzira reKluytens rinouya pakupera kwemakumi mana. Anova mukuru weOpera Comique Theatre (1947), anoitisa paGrand Opera, anotungamira orchestra yeSosaiti yeConcerts yeParis Conservatory, anoita nzendo refu dzekunze dzinofukidza Europe, America, Asia neAustralia; ane rukudzo rwekuve mutyairi wekutanga weFrance kukokwa kuzoridza muBayreuth, uye kubvira 1955 akaonekwa kanopfuura kamwe paconsole yeBayreuth Theatre. Pakupedzisira, muna 1960, rimwe zita rakawedzerwa kumazita ake akawanda, zvichida kunyanya kudiwa kumuimbi - akazova mukuru weNational Symphony Orchestra munharaunda yake yeBelgium.
Repertoire yemuimbi yakakura uye yakasiyana. Aive nemukurumbira semutambi akanakisa wemaopera nemabasa esymphonic naMozart, Beethoven, Wagner. Asi rudo rweruzhinji rwakaunza Cluytens kutanga kwekududzirwa kwemimhanzi yechiFrench. Mune repertoire yake - zvese zvakanakisa izvo zvakagadzirwa nevanyori veFrance vekare uye vemazuva ano. Chitarisiko chemuiti weicho conductor chairatidzwa nerunako rwechiFrench chete, nyasha uye runako, kufarira uye kureruka kwekuita mimhanzi. Unhu hwose uhwu hwakanyatsoratidzwa muitisi paaishanyazve munyika yedu. Hazvisi pasina kuti mabasa aBerlioz, Bizet, Franck, Debussy, Ravel, Duke, Roussel akatora nzvimbo yepakati muzvirongwa zvake. Kutsoropodza kunowanikwa muunyanzvi hwake "kukomba nekudzika kwezvinangwa zveunyanzvi", "kugona kukwezva orchestra", akacherechedza "plastiki, yakanyatsojeka uye inoratidzira maitiro." "Kutaura nesu mumutauro wemifananidzo," I. Martynov akanyora, "anotizivisa zvakananga kunyika yemafungiro nemanzwiro evanyori vakuru. Nzira dzese dzehunyanzvi hwake hwepamusoro dzakaiswa pasi peizvi.
L. Grigoriev, J. Platek
