Nhoroondo yeCelesta
Chitokisi - percussion keyboard mimhanzi chiridzwa chinoita sepiyano diki. Iri zita rinobva paizwi rechiItalian rokuti celeste, zvinoreva kuti "wekudenga". Celesta kazhinji haishandiswe sechiridzwa choga, asi inonzwika sechikamu cheiyo symphony orchestra. Mukuwedzera kumabasa echinyakare, inoshandiswa mujazi, mimhanzi yakakurumbira uye dombo.
Madzibaba chelesty
Muna 1788, tenzi weLondon C. Clagget akagadzira "tuning fork clavier", uye ndiye akazova tateguru wecelesta. Musimboti wekushanda kwechiridzwa chacho kwaiva kurova sando pamaforogo emasaizi akasiyana.
Mumakore ekuma1860, muFrench Victor Mustel akagadzira chiridzwa chakafanana nekugadzirisa fork clavier - "dulciton". Gare gare, mwanakomana wake Auguste akavandudza zvimwe - akatsiva maforogo ekugadzirisa nemahwendefa esimbi ane resonators. Chiridzwa chacho chakatanga kuita sepiyano ine ruzha rwakapfava, rwakafanana neruzha rwebhero. Muna 1886, Auguste Mustel akagamuchira patent yekugadzirwa kwake, achiitumidza kuti "celesta".
Tool Distribution
Nguva yegoridhe ye celesta yakauya pakupera kwe1888 uye kutanga kwezana ramakore rechiXNUMX. Chiridzwa chitsva chakatanga kunzwika muna XNUMX mumutambo weThe Tempest naWilliam Shakespeare. Celesta muochestra yakashandiswa nemunyori weFrance Ernest Chausson.
Muzana remakore rechimakumi maviri, chiridzwa chakarira mumabasa akawanda emimhanzi ane mukurumbira - mumimhanzi yaDmitry Shostakovich, muPlanets suite, muSilva naImre Kalman, nzvimbo yakawanikwa iyo mumabasa akazotevera - Britten's A Midsummer Night's Dream uye muna Philippe. Guston" Feldman.
Mumakore makumi maviri ezana remakore rechimakumi maviri, celesta yakanzwika mu jazz. Vatambi vakashandisa chiridzwa: Hoagy Carmichael, Earl Hines, Mid Luck Lewis, Herbie Hancock, Art Tatum, Oscar Peterson nevamwe. Mumakore ekuma20s, mutambi wepiyano wejazz wekuAmerica Fats Waller akashandisa nzira inonakidza yekuridza. Akaridza zviridzwa zviviri panguva imwe chete - neruoko rwake rworuboshwe papiyano, uye neruoko rwake rworudyi pane celesta.
Kugoverwa kwechishandiso muRussia
Celesta akawana mukurumbira muRussia nekuda kwePI Tchaikovsky, uyo akatanga kunzwa ruzha rwayo muna 1891 muParis. Muimbi wacho akafadzwa naye zvokuti akauya naye kuRussia. Kekutanga munyika yedu, celesta yakaitwa paMariinsky Theatre muna Zvita 1892 pamutambo wekutanga weThe Nutcracker ballet. Vateereri vakashamiswa nekutinhira kwechiridzwa apo celesta yakaperekedza kutamba kwePellet Fairy. Nekuda kweruzha rwemumhanzi rwakasiyana, zvaive zvichikwanisika kuburitsa kunyange madonhwe emvura anodonha.
Muna 1985 RK Shchedrin akanyora "Mimhanzi yetambo, maoboe maviri, nyanga mbiri uye celesta". Mukusikwa kwaA. Lyadov "Kikimora" celesta inonzwika murunyararo.
