Giuseppe Giacomini |

Giuseppe Giacomini

Zita rokuti Giuseppe Giacomini rinonyanya kuzivikanwa munyika yeopera. Iyi haisi imwe chete yeanonyanya kufarirwa, asiwo akanyanya kusarudzika, nekuda kweizwi rakasviba, baritone. Giacomini ndiye ane mukurumbira mutambi webasa rakaoma raDon Alvaro muVerdi's The Force of Destiny. Nyanzvi yakauya kakawanda kuRussia, kwaakaimba mumitambo (Mariinsky Theater) uye mumakonzati. Giancarlo Landini anotaura naGiuseppe Giacomini.

Wakawana sei inzwi rako?

Ndinoyeuka kuti inzwi rangu raingogara richifarira, kunyange pandaiva muduku zvikuru. Pfungwa yekushandisa mikana yangu kuita basa yakandibata ndiine makore gumi nemapfumbamwe. Rimwe zuva ndakakwira bhazi neboka kuenda kuVerona kunonzwa opera kuArena. Pedyo neni paiva naGaetano Berto, mudzidzi wemitemo akazova gweta rakakurumbira. Ndakaimba. Anoshamisika. Kufarira inzwi rangu. Anoti ndinofanira kudzidza. Mhuri yake yakapfuma inondipa betsero chaiyoiyo kuti ndipinde muimba inochengeterwa vana muPadua. Mumakore iwayo, ndaidzidza uye ndaishanda panguva imwe chete. Aive weta muGabicce, pedyo neRimini, aishanda pafekitari yeshuga.

Pwere yakaoma kudaro, yakanga ine revoi pakuumbwa kwako umene?

Yakakura kwazvo. Ndinogona kutaura kuti ndinoziva upenyu nevanhu. Ndinonzwisisa zvinorehwa nekushanda, kushanda nesimba, ndinoziva kukosha kwemari, urombo nehupfumi. Ndine hunhu hwakaoma. Kazhinji ndaisanzwisiswa. Kune rimwe divi, ndakasindimara, kune rumwe rutivi, ini ndinowanzo ku introversion, melancholy. Hunhu hwangu uhwu hunowanzo vhiringika nekusachengeteka. Kuongorora kwakadaro kwakapesvedzera hukama hwangu nenyika yemitambo…

Patova nemakore angangoita gumi kubva pawakatanga kusvika pawakatanga mukurumbira. Ndezvipi zvikonzero zve "kudzidziswa" kwenguva refu kwakadaro?

Kwemakore gumi ndakakwenenzvera mukwende wangu wehunyanzvi. Izvi zvakaita kuti ndikwanise kuronga basa repamusoro-soro. Ndakaita makore gumi ndichizvisunungura kubva mukufurirwa nevadzidzisi vekuimba nekunzwisisa chimiro chechiridzwa changu. Kwemakore mazhinji ndanga ndichirairwa kurerutsa izwi rangu, kurerutsa, kusiya baritone coloration inova chiratidzo chezwi rangu. Mukupesana, ndakaona kuti ndinofanira kushandisa iyi coloration uye kuwana chimwe chinhu chitsva pahwaro hwayo. Anofanirwa kuzvisunungura kubva pakutevedzera manzwi ane ngozi akadai seDel Monaco. Ndinofanira kutsvaga tsigiro yemanzwi angu, nzvimbo yavo, kugadzirwa kweruzha kwakakodzera kwandiri. Ndakaona kuti mudzidzisi wechokwadi wemuimbi ndiye anobatsira kuwana ruzha rwechisikigo, anokuita kuti ushande zvinoenderana nedata rechisikigo, asingashandisi dzidziso dzatozivikanwa kune muimbi, izvo zvinogona kutungamirira mukurasikirwa kwezwi. A real maestro muimbi asina kujeka anokwevera kutarisisa kwako kune inharmonious ruzha, zvikanganiso mumitsara, yambiro pamusoro pechisimba kurwisa hunhu hwako, inokudzidzisa kushandisa mhasuru dzinoshandira kuburitsa nemazvo.

Pakutanga kwebasa rako, ndezvipi zvinonzwika zvanga zvatove "zvakanaka" uye izvo, pane zvinopesana, zvaida kushandirwa?

Pakati, kureva, kubva pakati "kusvika" kusvika "G" uye "A flat", inzwi rangu rakashanda. Manzwi ekuchinja aive akanaka zvakare. Chiitiko, zvisinei, chakanditungamirira kumhedziso yokuti zvinobatsira kutamisa kutanga kwenzvimbo yekushandura kune D. Kunyanya kunyatsogadzirira kushanduka, kunowedzera zvisikwa. Kana, pane zvinopesana, iwe unononoka, chengetedza inzwi rakazaruka pa "F", pane zvinetso nepamusoro pezvinyorwa. Chakanga chisina kukwana muinzwi rangu chaiva manotsi epamusoro-soro, B naC chaiwo. Neruzivo, ndakaona kuti zvinyorwa zvepamusoro zvinosunungurwa kana kutsigirwa kunotamiswa pasi. Pandakadzidza kuchengeta diaphragm yakaderera sezvinobvira, tsandanyama dzepahuro yangu dzakasunungurwa, uye zvakava nyore kuti ndisvike manotsi akakwirira. Vakawedzerawo mumhanzi, uye vakawedzera yunifomu nemamwe manzwi ezwi rangu. Idzi nhamburiko dzounyanzvi dzakabetsera kuyananisa chimiro chinokatyamadza chenzwi rangu nechinodikanwa chokuimba ndichifemereka uye kupfava kwokubudiswa kwenzwi.

Ndeipi Verdi operas inonyatsoenderana neizwi rako?

Pasina kupokana, Simba reDestiny. Kunamata kwaAlvaro kunopindirana nehungwaru hwangu, nechishuwo chekuora mwoyo. Ini ndakasununguka ne testitura yeparty. Iyi inonyanya kuve yepakati tessitura, asi mitsetse yayo yakasiyana kwazvo, inobatawo nzvimbo yezvinyorwa zvepamusoro. Izvi zvinobatsira pahuro kutiza tension. Mamiriro acho anopesana zvachose neayo umo munhu anozviwana iye anofanirwa kuita mamwe mavhesi kubva kuRustic kukudzwa, iyo testitura yakatarisana pakati pe "mi" uye "sol". Izvi zvinoomesa huro. Ini handifarire tessitura yechikamu cheManrico muTroubadour. Anowanzoshandisa chikamu chepamusoro chezwi rake, izvo zvinobatsira kuchinja nzvimbo inokodzera muviri wangu. Kusiya padivi chipfuva C mu cabaletta Di quella pira, chikamu chaManrico muenzaniso wemhando yetessitura yakaoma kune yekumusoro zone yezwi rangu. Iyo testitura yechikamu cheRadames yakanyanyisa kunyengera, iyo panguva ye opera inoisa izwi retenor kumiyedzo yakaoma.

Pachine dambudziko reOthello. Mataurirwo emazwi echikamu chemunhu uyu haadi kuwanda kwebaritone overtones sezvinowanzotendwa. Zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuti kuimba Othello, unofanira sonority kuti vakawanda vatambi havana. Kutaura kunoda Verdi kunyora. Rega ndikuyeuchidzewo kuti nhasi vatungamiri vakawanda vanowanzosimbisa kukosha kweimba yeOthello, vachigadzira "avalanche yezwi" chaiyo. Izvi zvinowedzera matambudziko kune chero inzwi, kunyange rine simba zvikuru. Chikamu cheOthello chinogona kuimbwa neruremekedzo chete nemuitisi anonzwisisa zvinodiwa nezwi.

Unogona here kudoma kondakita akaisa inzwi rako mumamiriro ezvinhu akanaka uye akanaka?

Pasina kupokana, Zubin Meta. Akakwanisa kusimbisa chiremera chenzwi rangu, uye akandikomberedza nokudzikama ikoko, unyoro, tariro, izvo zvakandibvumira kutaura ndimene nenzira yakanakisisa inobvira. Meta inoziva kuti kuimba kune hunhu hwayo hunoenda mhiri kwephilological maficha ezvibodzwa uye metronomic zviratidzo zve tempo. Ndinoyeuka kudzokorora kwaTosca muFlorence. Patakasvika kuaria “E lucevan le stelle”, maestro akakumbira orchestra kuti anditevere, achisimbisa kujeka kwekuimba kwacho uye achindipa mukana wokutevera mutsara waPuccini. Nemamwe maconductor, kunyangwe iwo akatanhamara, izvi zvaive zvisiri izvo nguva dzose. Zviri naTosca kuti ndakabatanidza kwete ndangariro dzinofadza dzemakondakita, kuomarara, kusachinjika kwaitadzisa izwi rangu kuratidzwa zvizere.

Kunyora kwaPuccini uye kunyora kwezwi kwaVerdi: unogona kuzvienzanisa here?

Puccini's vocal style inokwevera inzwi rangu pakuimba, mutsara waPuccini uzere nesimba remimhanzi, iro rinotakura kuimba pamwe chete naro, rinofambisa uye rinoita kuti zvakasikwa kuputika kwemanzwiro. Kunyora kwaVerdi, kune rumwe rutivi, kunoda kunyatsofungisisa. Chiratidzo chechimiro uye mavambo emutauro wePuccini wezwi uri mumagumo echiito chechitatu cheTurandot. Kubva pane zvinyorwa zvekutanga, huro yetenor inoona kuti kunyora kwakashanduka, kuti kushanduka kwairatidza zviitiko zvekare hakusipo, kuti Alfano aisagona, kana kuti aisada, kushandisa maitiro aPuccini mumutambo wekupedzisira, maitiro ake ekugadzira. manzwi anoimba, asina anoenzana nawo.

Pakati pemaopera ePuccini, ndeapi ari padyo newe?

Pasina mubvunzo, Musikana anobva kuMadokero uye mumakore achangopfuura Turandot. Chikamu chaCalaf chinonyengetedza zvakanyanya, kunyanya muchiito chechipiri, apo kunyora kwezwi kunonangana zvakanyanya nepamusoro penzvimbo yezwi. Pane njodzi yekuti huro ichava yakaoma uye isingapinde mumamiriro ekusunungurwa kana nguva yearia "Nessun dorma" inouya. Panguva imwecheteyo, hapana mubvunzo kuti chimiro ichi chikuru uye chinounza kugutsikana kukuru.

Ndeapi ma verist operas aunoda?

Vaviri: Pagliacci naAndré Chenier. Chenier ibasa rinogona kuunza iyo tenor kugutsikana kukuru uko basa rinogona kupa. Ichi chikamu chinoshandisa zvese zvakaderera izwi regiji uye ekupedzisira-yepamusoro manotsi. Chenier ane zvese: dramatic tenor, lyrical tenor, kudzokorora kwemutongi muchiito chechitatu, kudurura kwekuda kwemanzwiro, senge monologue "Come un bel di di maggio".

Unodemba here kuti hauna kuimba mune mamwe opera, uye unodemba here kuti wakaimba mune mamwe?

Ndichatanga neiyo yandisina kufanira kuita: Medea, muna 1978 kuGeneva. Cherubini's ice neoclassical vocal style haiunzi chero kugutsikana kune izwi rakafanana nerangu, uye tenor ine hunhu hwakafanana nerangu. Ndinozvidemba kuti dai ndisina kuimba muna Samson naDelilah. Ndakapiwa basa iri panguva yandakanga ndisina nguva yokuridzidza zvakanaka. Hapasisina mukana wakazvipa. Ndinofunga kuti mhedzisiro yacho inogona kunakidza.

Ndeapi ma<em>theatre awada zvakanyanya?

Subway muNew York. Vateereri vaivapo vakandipa mubayiro zvechokwadi nokuda kwenhamburiko dzangu. Sezvineiwo, kwemwaka mitatu, kubva muna 1988 kusvika 1990, Levine neboka rake havana kundipa mukana wokuti ndizviratidze nenzira yandaifanirwa nayo. Aida kutambidza mitambo yakakosha kuvaimbi vane mukurumbira kupfuura ini, achindisiya ndiri mumumvuri. Izvi zvakasarudza sarudzo yangu yekuzviedza kune dzimwe nzvimbo. PaVienna Opera, ndakave nekubudirira uye kuzivikanwa kukuru. Pakupedzisira, ndingada kududza ushamwari hunoshamisa hwevateereri muTokyo, guta umo ndakagamuchira gwinyiro chairoiro. Ndinoyeuka kuombera kwandakapiwa mushure me "Improvisation" muAndre Chenier, iyo isati yaitwa muguta guru reJapan kubvira Del Monaco.

Zvakadini nemitambo yemitambo yeItaly?

Ndine ndangariro dzinofadza dzezvimwe zvacho. PaBellini Theatre muCatania pakati pa1978 na1982 ndakaita debut yangu mumabasa akakosha. Voruzhinji vokuSicilian vakandigamuchira noushamwari. Mwaka muArena di Verona muna 1989 waive wakanaka. Ndakanga ndiri muchimiro chakanaka uye mitambo sezvo Don Alvaro yaiva pakati pezvakabudirira zvikuru. Zvakadaro, ndinofanira kunyunyuta kuti ndakanga ndisina hukama hwakasimba kudaro nemitambo yemitambo yekuItaly sezvandinoita nemamwe mabhaisikopo nevamwe vateereri.

Hurukuro naGiuseppe Giacomini yakaburitswa mul'opera magazine. Kutsikiswa neshanduro kubva kuItalian naIrina Sorokina.

Debut 1970 (Vercelli, Pinkerton chikamu). Akaimba mumitambo yeItaly, kubvira 1974 akaita paLa Scala. Kubva 1976 kuMetropolitan Opera (kutanga saAlvaro muVerdi's The Force of Destiny, pakati pezvimwe zvikamu zveMacduff muMacbeth, 1982). Akaimba kakawanda pamutambo weArena di Verona (pakati pezvikamu zvakanakisa zveRadamès, 1982). Muna 1986, akaita chikamu cheOthello muSan Diego nekubudirira kukuru. Zvichangobva kuitika zvinosanganisira Manrico kuVienna Opera uye Calaf kuCovent Garden (zvose 1996). Pakati pezvikamu zvakare Lohengrin, Nero muMonteverdi's The Coronation of Poppea, Cavaradossi, Dick Johnson muMusikana anobva kumavirazuva, etc. Pakati pezvakarekodhwa zvechikamu chePollio muNorma (dir. Levine, Sony), Cavaradossi (dir. Muti, Phiips).

E. Tsodokov, 1999