Bagpipe: tsananguro yechiridzwa, kuumbwa, kuti inonzwika sei, nhoroondo, marudzi

Bagpipe ndechimwe chezviridzwa zvekutanga zvemimhanzi zvakagadzirwa nemunhu. Nechinyakare, zita rayo rinosanganiswa neScotland, kunyangwe misiyano yebhegi inowanikwa munenge muEurope yese uye kunyangwe dzimwe nyika dzeAsia.

Chii chinonzi bagpipe

Iyo bagpipe ndeyeboka retsanga mhepo zviridzwa zviridzwa. Inoratidzika sebhegi rine machubhu anobuda zvisina tsarukano kubva mairi (kazhinji zvidimbu 2-3), mukati akashongedzerwa nendimi. Mukuwedzera kune machubhu, kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvinonzwika, panogona kunge kune makiyi, madhaka.

Inoita kuboora, kurira kwemhino - inogona kunzwika kubva kure. Nechekure, inzwi remubhegi rinofanana nekuimba kwevanhu. Vamwe vanofunga kuti ruzha rwayo nderwemashiripiti, runogona kuva nemigumisiro inobatsira pakugara zvakanaka.

Uwandu hwebhegi hushoma: chete 1-2 octaves inowanikwa. Zvakaoma kutamba, saka kare varume chete ndivo vairidza mapaipi. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, vakadzi vakabatanidzwawo mukugadzirwa kwechiridzwa.

Bagpipe mudziyo

Kuumbwa kwechishandiso kunotevera:

• Kuchengetedza tangi. Zvinhu zvekugadzira iganda remhuka kana dundira. Kazhinji vaimbova "varidzi" vetangi, iyo inonziwo bhegi, mhuru, mbudzi, mhou, makwai. Chinodiwa chikuru chebhegi ndechekuomesa, kuzadza mhepo yakanaka.
• Jekiseni chubhu-muromo. Inowanikwa muchikamu chepamusoro, chakabatanidzwa nehomwe nemapuranga emapuranga. Chinangwa - kuzadza tangi nemhepo. Kuti irege kubuda kumashure, pane vharafu yekuvhara mukati memuromo wechubhu.
• Chanter (melodic pipe). Zvinoita senyere. Inonamatira kuzasi kwebhegi. Yakashongedzerwa nemaburi eruzha akati wandei, mukati mune rutsanga (rurimi), runotenderera kubva pakuita kwemhepo, ichigadzira ruzha rwekudedera. Mupimbi anoita mutinhimira mukuru achishandisa chimbo.
• Drones (bourdon pipes). Nhamba ye drones ndeye 1-4 zvidimbu. Shumira kune inoenderera kumashure ruzha.

Inzwi rekudhonza tekinoroji

Muimbi anoridza mimhanzi achishandisa chubhu. Ine panopinzwa mweya mukati, maburi akawanda eparutivi. Bourdon tubes, iyo ine basa rekugadzira kurira kwemashure, inofanira kugadziriswa - zvichienderana nechidimbu chemimhanzi. Vanosimbisa dingindira guru, mbiru inoshanduka nekuda kwemapistoni ari mubhourdons.

Nyaya

Hazvizivikanwe kuti bagpipe yakaonekwa riini - masayendisiti achiri kukakavara nezvekwakabva. Saizvozvo, hazvisi pachena kuti chiridzwa chakagadzirwa kupi uye ndeipi nyika inogona kunzi ndiyo nzvimbo yekuzvarwa yebhegi.

Mienzaniso yakafanana yezviridzwa zvemimhanzi iripo kubvira kare. Nzvimbo inofungidzirwa yekwakabva inonzi Sumer, China. Chinhu chimwe chakajeka: bagpipe yakasimuka kunyange kusati kwasvika nguva yedu, yakanga yakakurumbira pakati pevanhu vekare, kusanganisira munyika dzeAsia. Kutaurwa kwechishandiso chakadaro, mifananidzo yaro inowanikwa kubva kuvaGiriki vekare, vaRoma.

Kufamba nepasirese, bagpipe yakawana vateveri vatsva kwese kwese. Tsika dzayo dzinowanikwa muIndia, France, Germany, Spain nedzimwe nyika. MuRussia, muenzaniso wakafanana waivepo panguva yekuzivikanwa kwebuffoons. Pavakatadza kufarirwa, bagpipe yaiperekedza mitambo yebuffoon yakaparadzwawo.

Iyo bagpipe inowanzoonekwa sechiridzwa cheScotland. Pane imwe nguva munyika ino, chiridzwa chakava chiratidzo chayo, pfuma yenyika. Scotland haifungidzike pasina kuchema uye hutsinye kurira kunoitwa nemapombi. Sezvingabvira, chishandiso chakaunzwa kune veScots kubva kuHondo dzeCrusades. Akafarikanya mukurumbira mukurusa pakati pavanhu vanogara munzvimbo dzine makomo. Kutenda kune vagari vemakomo, bagpipe haina kungowana chimiro chayo chazvino, asi yakazove chiridzwa chenyika.

Bagpipe types

Chishandiso chekare chakabudirira kupararira pasirese, kuchinja munzira, kushanduka. Inenge nyika yese inogona kuzvirumbidza nemabhegi ayo: ane hwaro humwe, ivo panguva imwechete vakasiyana kubva kune mumwe. Mazita emabhegi mune mimwe mitauro akasiyana kwazvo.

Armenian

Chimbo cheArmenian folk, yakarongedzwa seyeIrish bagpipe, inonzi "parkapzuk". Iine inzwi rakasimba, rinopinza. Zvimiro: kuputira bhegi zvose nemuiti uye nerubatsiro rwemabhero anokosha, kuvapo kweimwe kana maviri melodic tubes ane maburi. Muimbi anobata bhegi parutivi, pakati peruoko nemuviri, achimanikidza mweya mukati nekudzvanya gokora kumuviri.

Bulgarian

Zita renzvimbo yechiridzwa ichi ndi gaida. Iine inzwi rakaderera. Vagari vomumusha vanogadzira gaida vachishandisa dehwe remhuka dzepamba (mbudzi, makondohwe). Musoro wemhuka unosara sechikamu chechiridzwa - mapipe anobudisa inzwi anonamatira kunze kwayo.

Breton

MaBretons akakwanisa kugadzira marudzi matatu kamwechete: bhiniu mbudzi (chiridzwa chekare chinonzwika chepakutanga mu duet ine bombarda), biniu braz (analogue yechiridzwa cheScotland chakagadzirwa natenzi weBreton pakupera kwechishanu. zana), yakatakurwa (yakangofanana nembudzi yebhiniu, asi inonzwika zvakanaka pasina kuperekedzwa kwebhombarda).

Irish

Akaonekwa pakupera XVIII remakore. Yakanga yasiyaniswa nekuvapo kwehudzi dzaipomba mweya mukati. Iine mhando yakanaka ye2 yakazara octaves.

Kazakh

Zita renyika ndiro zhelbuaz. Idehwe remvura rine mutsipa unogona kuvharwa. Kupfekwa pamutsipa, patambo. Ngatishandisei mune ensembles echiKazakh zviridzwa.

Lithuanian-Belarusian

Mareferensi ekutanga akanyorwa kune duda, bagpipe isina bourdon, yakatanga kusvika muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX. Duda ichiri kushandiswa zvakanyanya nhasi, yawana application mungano. Yakakurumbira kwete muLithuania, Belarus chete, asiwo muPoland. Pane imwe yakafanana Czech chiridzwa chinopfekwa pafudzi.

Spanish

Chigadzirwa cheSpanish chinonzi "gaita" chinosiyana kubva kune chakasara pamberi pekaviri kane chanter. Mukati mechanter mune conical channel, kunze - 7 maburi eminwe uye imwe iri kumashure.

Italian

Mabhegi anonyanya kushandiswa munzvimbo dzekumaodzanyemba kwenyika, anonzi "zamponya". Iwo akashongedzerwa maviri melodic pombi, maviri bourdon pombi.

Mari

Zita remhando yeMari inonzi shuvyr. Iine ruzha rwakapinza, runotinhira zvishoma. Yakashongedzerwa nemachubhu matatu: maviri - melodic, imwe inoshandiswa kupomba mweya.

Mordovian

Iyo Mordovia yakagadzirwa inonzi "puvama". Yakanga ine chirevo chetsika - yaitendwa kuti inodzivirira kubva kune ziso rakaipa, kukanganisa. Paiva nemhando mbiri, dzakasiyana muhuwandu hwemapombi, maitiro ekutamba.

ChiOsseti

Zita renyika ndi lalym-wadyndz. Iine machubhu maviri: melodic, uye zvakare yekupomba mweya mubhegi. Panguva yemutambo, muimbi anobata bhegi munzvimbo yehapwa, achipomba mweya neruoko rwake.

Portuguese

Zvakafanana neSpanish dhizaini uye zita - gaita. Kusiyana - gaita de fole, gaita Galician, nezvimwewo.

Russian

Chaiva chiridzwa chakakurumbira. Maive nemapombi mana. Yakatsiviwa nezvimwe zviridzwa zvenyika.

Ukrainian

Iyo ine zita rekutaura "mbudzi". Iyo yakafanana neyechiBulgarian, apo musoro unoshandiswa pamwe chete neganda remhuka.

ChiFrench

Matunhu akasiyana enyika ane marudzi awo: cabrette (imwe-burdon, elbow type), bodega (single-burdon), musette (chimbo chedare chezana ramakore rechiXNUMX).

Chuvash

Mhando mbiri - shapar, sarnay. Vanosiyana muhuwandu hwemachubhu, masimba emimhanzi.

Scottish

Iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa uye yakakurumbira. Mumutauro wevanhu, zita rinonzwika se "bagpipe". Iine mapaipi mashanu: 5 bourdon, 3 melodic, 1 yekufuridza mweya.

Estonian

Hwaro idumbu kana dundira remhuka uye 4-5 machubhu (imwe neimwe yekuridza mhepo nekuridza mimhanzi, pamwe ne2-3 bourdon tubes).