George Szell (George Szell) |

George Szell

Kazhinji kazhinji, conductors anotungamira mabhendi akanakisa, atowana mukurumbira wenyika. George Sell anosiyana nemutemo uyu. Paakatora hutungamiriri hweCleveland Orchestra anopfuura makore makumi maviri apfuura, aive asingazivikanwe zvishoma; Ichokwadi, maClevelands, kunyange zvazvo aifarira mukurumbira wakanaka, akakundwa naRodzinsky, haana kubatanidzwa muvakuru veAmerican orchestras. Kondakita nevaimbi vakaratidzika kuva vakagadzirirwa mumwe nomumwe, uye zvino, makumi maviri amakore gare gare, nenzira yakarurama vakawana mukurumbira wapasi rose.

Nekudaro, Sell, hongu, haana kukokwa netsaona pachinzvimbo chemukuru conductor - aizivikanwa muUSA semuimbi ane hunyanzvi uye murongi akanaka. Unhu uhwu hwakakudziridzwa mune kondakita kwemakumi emakore akawanda ekuita kwehunyanzvi. MuCzech nekuzvarwa, Sell akaberekerwa uye akadzidziswa muBudapest, uye pazera ramakore gumi nemana akazviratidza seanoimba ega mukonzati yeruzhinji, achiridza Rondo yepiyano uye orchestra yezvaakaumba. Uye pazera ramakore gumi nematanhatu, Sell akange atove kuitisa Vienna Symphony Orchestra. Pakutanga, mabasa ake semutyairi, munyori wenziyo uye pianist akagadzirwa zvakafanana; akazvivandudza amene nevadzidzisi vakanakisisa, akatora zvidzidzo kubva kuna J.-B. Foerster naM. Reger. Sell ​​ane makore gumi nemanomwe paakaita mutambo wesymphony muBerlin uye akaridza Beethoven's Fifth Piano Concerto, akanzwika naRichard Strauss. Izvi zvakasarudza kuguma kwemuimbi. Muimbi ane mukurumbira akamurumbidza somutungamiriri weStrasbourg, uye kubvira ipapo zvichienda mberi nguva refu yaSell youpenyu hwokutama-tama yakatanga. Akashanda nemaokestra akawanda akanakisa, akawana mhedzisiro yehunyanzvi, asi ... nguva yega yega, nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana, aifanira kusiya mawadhi ake achienda kunzvimbo itsva. Prague, Darmstadt, Düsseldorf, Berlin (pano akashanda kwenguva refu - makore matanhatu), Glasgow, The Hague - aya ndiwo mamwe marefu "akamira" munzira yake yekusika.

Muna 1941, Sell akatamira kuUnited States. Pane imwe nguva Arturo Toscanini akamukoka kuti atungamirire orchestra yake yeNBC, uye izvi zvakamuunzira kubudirira uye kukoka kwakawanda. Kwemakore mana anga achishanda kuMetropolitan Opera, kwaanoisa mitambo yakatanhamara (Salome naDer Rosenkavalier naStrauss, Tannhäuser naDer Ring des Nibelungen naWagner, Otello naVerdi). Ipapo basa rakatanga neCleveland Orchestra. Yakanga iri pano, pakupedzisira, kuti unhu hwakanakisisa hwemuitisi hwakakwanisa kuzviratidza - hutsika hwepamusoro hwehutano, kukwanisa kuzadzisa unyanzvi hwehutano uye kuwirirana mukushanda, maonero makuru. Zvese izvi, zvakare, zvakabatsira Sell kusimudza mwero wekutamba wechikwata kusvika pakureba kukuru munguva pfupi. Kutengesa zvakare kwakawedzera saizi yeorchestra (kubva pa85 kusvika kune vanopfuura 100 vaimbi); kwaya yechigarire yakagadzirwa paokestra, inotungamirwa neane tarenda conductor Robert Shaw. Iko kuita kwakasiyana-siyana kwemuitisi kwakabatsira mukuwedzera kwese-kwese kweiyo orchestra's repertoire, iyo inosanganisira akawanda mabasa makuru echinyakare - Beethoven, Brahms, Haydn, Mozart. Kusika kwavo kunoumba hwaro hwezvirongwa zvemuitisi. Nzvimbo yakakosha mune yake repertoire zvakare inogarwa nemimhanzi yeCzech, kunyanya padyo nehunhu hwake hwehunyanzvi.

Sell ​​inoridza mimhanzi yeRussia nemoyo unoda (kunyanya Rimsky-Korsakov naTchaikovsky) uye inoshanda nevanyori vemazuva ano. Mumakore gumi apfuura, iyo Cleveland Orchestra, inotungamirwa naSzell, yakazviitira zita padanho repasi rose. Akaita nzendo huru dzeEurope kaviri (muna 1957 na1965). Parwendo rwechipiri, orchestra yakaitwa munyika yedu kwemavhiki akati wandei. Vateereri veSoviet vakaonga unyanzvi hwepamusoro hwomuitisi, kuravidza kwake kusina kunaka, uye kukwanisa kwake kunyatsobudisa pfungwa dzevanyori kuvateereri.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek, 1969