Eugen Arturovich Kapp |

Eugen Kapp

“Mimhanzi hupenyu hwangu…” Mumashoko aya chisikwa chekugadzira chaE. Kapp chinoratidzwa nenzira yakapfupikiswa. Achifunga nezvechinangwa uye musimboti weunyanzvi hwemimhanzi, akasimbisa; kuti “mimhanzi inotibvumira kutaura ukuru hwose hwevavariro dzenguva yedu, upfumi hwose hwechokwadi. Mimhanzi inzira yakanaka kwazvo yokudzidzisa vanhu tsika dzakanaka. Kapp akashanda mumhando dzakasiyana siyana. Pakati pemabasa ake makuru pane 6 operas, 2 ballets, operetta, 23 anoshandira symphony orchestra, 7 cantatas uye oratorios, dzinenge mazana matatu nziyo. Mimhanzi theatre inotora nzvimbo yepakati pabasa rake.

Mhuri yevaimbi yeKapp yanga iri mutungamiri muhupenyu hwemimhanzi hweEstonia kwemakore anopfuura zana. Sekuru vaEugen, Issep Kapp, vaiva oganist uye conductor. Baba - Arthur Kapp, vapedza kudzidza kubva kuSt. Petersburg Conservatory mukirasi yeogani naProfessor L. Gomilius uye mukuumbwa naN. Rimsky-Korsakov, vakatamira kuAstrakhan, kwaakatungamirira bazi reko reRussian Musical Society. Panguva imwecheteyo, akashanda semutungamiriri wechikoro chemimhanzi. Ikoko, muAstrakhan, Eugen Kapp akaberekwa. Talent yemimhanzi yemukomana yakazviratidza pachayo kare. Kudzidza kuridza piyano, anoita nhamburiko dzake dzokutanga kunyora mimhanzi. Mhepo yemimhanzi yaitonga mumba, misangano yaEugen naA. Scriabin, F. Chaliapin, L. Sobinov, A. Nezhdanova, uyo akauya parwendo, achishanyira nguva dzose kumitambo ye opera nemakonzati - zvose izvi zvakabatsira pakuumbwa kweramangwana. munyori.

Muna 1920, A. Kapp akakokwa semutungamiri weEstonia Opera House (imwe nguva gare gare - purofesa panzvimbo yekuchengetedza), uye mhuri yakatamira kuTallinn. Eugen akapedza maawa akawanda akagara muchikwata chevaimbi, pedyo nesitendi yababa vake, achinyatsotevera zvose zvakanga zvichiitika. Muna 1922, E. Kapp akapinda muTallinn Conservatory mukirasi yepiyano yaPurofesa P. Ramul, ipapo T. Lembn. Asi jaya racho rinowedzera kukwezvwa nekuumbwa kwacho. Pazera re17, akanyora basa rake guru rekutanga - Gumi Kusiyana kwePiano pane dingindira rakaiswa nababa vake. Kubva 1926, Eugen anga ari mudzidzi paTallinn Conservatory mukirasi yekunyora yababa vake. Sebasa redhipuroma pakupera kwenzvimbo yekuchengetedza, akapa nhetembo yesymphonic "The Avenger" (1931) uye Piano Trio.

Mushure mekupedza kudzidza kubva kuConservatory, Kapp anoenderera mberi nekushingaira kunyora mimhanzi. Kubva 1936, anga achibatanidza basa rekugadzira nekudzidzisa: anodzidzisa dzidziso yemimhanzi paTallinn Conservatory. Muchirimo cha1941, Kapp akagamuchira basa rinokudzwa rekugadzira yekutanga ballet yeEstonian zvichibva pane epic yenyika Kalevipoeg (Mwanakomana waKalev, mumahara naA. Syarev). Pakazosvika zhizha ra1941, clavier ye ballet yakanyorwa, uye munyori akatanga kuironga, asi kuputika kwehondo kwakangoerekana kwakanganisa basa. Dingindira guru rebasa raKapp raive dingindira reMotherland: akanyora yekutanga Symphony ("Patriotic", 1943), Yechipiri Violin Sonata (1943), kwaya "Native Country" (1942, art. J. Kärner). "Basa uye Kurwisana" (1944, st. P. Rummo), "Makadzivisa madutu" (1944, st. J. Kyarner), nezvimwewo.

Muna 1945 Kapp akapedza opera yake yekutanga The Fires of Vengeance (pachena P. Rummo). Chiito chayo chinoitika muzana ramakore re1944, panguva yekumukira kwehugamba kwevanhu veEstonia vachipokana neTeutonic Knights. Pakupera kwehondo muEstonia, Kapp akanyora "Victory March" yebrass band (1948), iyo yakarira apo zvitunha zveEstonia zvakapinda muTallinn. Mushure mokudzokera kuTallinn, chainyanya kunetseka naKapp ndechekutsvaga clavier yeBallet yake Kalevipoeg, iyo yakaramba iri muguta raigarwa nevaNazi. Makore ose ehondo, munyori ainetseka pamusoro pezvaizoitika. Kapp akafara zvakadini paakaziva kuti vanhu vakatendeka vakanga vaponesa clavier! Achitanga kupedzisa ballet, munyori akatarisa patsva basa rake. Akanyanya kusimbisa dingindira guru reiyo epic - kurwisana kwevanhu veEstonia nokuda kwekuzvimirira kwavo. Achishandisa nziyo dzepakutanga, dzekutanga dzeEstonian, akaburitsa pachena nyika yemukati yevatambi. Ballet yakatanga muna 10 paEstonia Theatre. "Kalevipoeg" yave inofarira kuita kwevateereri veEstonia. Kapp akamboti: "Ndagara ndichifadzwa nevanhu vakapa simba ravo, hupenyu hwavo mukukunda kweiyo pfungwa huru yekufambira mberi munharaunda. Kuyemura kweava hunhu vakatanhamara kwave uye kuri kutsvaga nzira yekubuda mukusika. Iyi pfungwa yemuimbi anoshamisa yaive mune akati wandei emabasa ake. Kwemakore 1950 ekuyeukwa kweSoviet Estonia, Kapp anonyora opera The Singer of Freedom (2, 1952nd edition 100, pasina P. Rummo). Iyo yakatsaurirwa kundangariro yeakakurumbira mudetembi wekuEstonia J. Syutiste. Akakandwa mujeri nevaFascist veGermany, uyu murwiri werusununguko akashinga, saM. Jalil, akanyora nhetembo dzinopisa ari mugomba, achidana vanhu kuti varwe nevapambi vechiFascist. Akatyamadzwa nezvinozoitika kuna S. Allende, Kapp akatsaurira requiem cantata yake Pamusoro peAndes yekwaya yechirume nemuimbi wega kundangariro dzake. Pachiitiko chegore rechi XNUMX chekuzvarwa kwemukurumbira ane mukurumbira X. Pegelman, Kapp akanyora rwiyo "Regai Hammers Knock" zvichibva munhetembo dzake.

Muna 1975, Kapp's opera Rembrandt yakaitirwa paVanemuine Theatre. “Muoperation Rembrandt,” munyori wacho akanyora kudaro, “ndaida kuratidza nhamo yokurwa kwemuimbi ane hunyanzvi ane nyika inozvida uye ine makaro, kutambudzwa kweusungwa hwekugadzira, kudzvinyirirwa kwemweya. Kapp akatsaurira monumental oratorio Ernst Telman (60, art. M. Kesamaa) kumhemberero yegore ra1977 yeGreat October Revolution.

Peji yakakosha mubasa reKapp inoumbwa nemabasa evana - ma opera The Winter's Tale (1958), The Extraordinary Miracle (1984, yakavakirwa pangano yakanyorwa naGX Andersen), The Most Incredible, the ballet The Golden Spinners. (1956), operetta "Assol" (1966), mimhanzi" Cornflower chishamiso "(1982), pamwe chete nemabasa akawanda ezviridzwa. Pakati pemabasa emakore achangopfuura "Welcome Overture" (1983), the cantata "Victory" (paM. Kesamaa station, 1983), Concerto for cello uye chamber orchestra (1986), nezvimwewo.

Muhupenyu hwake hwese hurefu, Kapp haana kumbozviganhurira pakuita zvemimhanzi. Purofesa paTallinn Conservatory, akadzidzisa vanyori vakakurumbira vakadai saE. Tamberg, H. Kareva, H. Lemmik, G. Podelsky, V. Lipand nevamwe.

Zvekushamwaridzana zveKapp zvine mativi mazhinji. Akashanda somumwe wevarongi veEstonian Composers' Union uye kwemakore akawanda akanga ari sachigaro webhodhi rayo.

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