Magitare emagetsi: kuumbwa, nheyo yekushanda, nhoroondo, marudzi, maitiro ekutamba, kushandiswa

Gitare remagetsi imhando yechiridzwa chakabvutwa chine mapikicha emagetsi anoshandura tambo dzemagetsi kuita magetsi. Gitare remagetsi ndeimwe yezviridzwa zviduku zvemimhanzi, yakasikwa pakati pezana remakore rechi20. Kunze kwakafanana neyakajairwa acoustic, asi ine yakanyanya kuoma dhizaini, yakashongedzerwa nezvimwe zvinhu.

Mashandiro anoita gitare remagetsi

Mutumbi wechigadzirwa chemagetsi unogadzirwa nemaple, mahogany, ash wood. Iyo fretboard inogadzirwa neebony, rosewood. Nhamba yetambo ndeye 6, 7 kana 8. Chigadzirwa chacho chinorema 2-3 kg.

Chimiro chemutsipa chinenge chakafanana neacoustic gitare. Pane zvigunwe pazvigunwe, uye kugadzirisa mapegi pamisoro. Mutsipa wakabatanidzwa kumuviri neglue kana mabhaudhi, mukati mawo wakashongedzerwa anchor - kudzivirira kubva pakukotama nekuda kwekunetsekana.

Vanogadzira marudzi maviri emuviri: mhango uye yakasimba, ese ari maviri akati sandara. Hollow magetsi magitare anonzwika velvety, akapfava, uye anoshandiswa mublues uye jazz nziyo. Gitare rehuni rakasimba rine ruzha rwakanyanya, rwehasha runokodzera mimhanzi yerock.

Gitare remagetsi rinofanira kunge rakaumbwa nezvinhu zvinorisiyanisa kubva kune yaro acoustic hama. Izvi ndizvo zvinotevera zvikamu zvegitare remagetsi:

• Bhiriji - kugadzirisa tambo padheki. Iine tremolo - inofambiswa, ichikubvumidza kuti uchinje tambo yekukandira uye kurira nematoni akati wandei, ridza vibrato netambo dzakavhurika. Pasina tremolo - isingafambi, ine dhizaini yakapusa.
• Pickups masensa ekushandura tambo vibrations kuita chiratidzo chemagetsi chemhando mbiri: imwe-coil, inopa yakachena, yakakwana ruzha rweblues nenyika, uye humbucker, iyo inoburitsa yakasimba, yakapfuma ruzha, yakakwana yedombo.

Kunyangwe pamuviri pane toni uye vhoriyamu zvidzoreso zvakabatana nemapikicha.

Kuridza gitare remagetsi, unofanirwa kutenga zvishandiso:

• combo amplifier - chikamu chikuru chekubvisa gitare inzwi, inogona kuva tube (yakanakisisa muzwi) uye transistor;
• ma pedals ekugadzira zvakasiyana-siyana zvinonzwika;
• processor - chishandiso chehunyanzvi chekushandisa panguva imwe chete yezvakati wandei zvinonzwika.

Nheyo yekushanda

Chimiro chegitare yemagetsi 6-tambo yakafanana neacoustic imwe: mi, si, sol, re, la, mi.

Tambo dzinogona "kusunungurwa" kuita kuti inzwi riwedzere. Kazhinji, tambo yechitanhatu, yakakora "yakasunungurwa" kubva "mi" kusvika "re" uye pasi. Inobuda hurongwa hunodiwa nesimbi mabhandi, zita rayo "kudonha". Mune magitare emagetsi e6-string, tambo yepasi inowanzo "kusunungurwa" mu "B".

Ruzha rwegitare remagetsi rinopihwa nemapikicha: magineti akaomarara uye coil yewaya yakaakomberedza. Panyaya yacho, vanogona kutaridzika semarata esimbi.

Nheyo yekushanda kwepikicha ndeyekushandurwa kwetambo vibrations kuita alternating current pulse. Nhanho nhanho zvinoitika seizvi:

• Kudengenyeka kwetambo kunopararira mumunda wakagadzirwa nemagineti.
• Mune gitare rakabatana asi pakuzorora, kupindirana nepikicha hakuiti kuti magineti ishande.
• Kubata kwemuimbi kune tambo kunotungamirira pakuonekwa kwemagetsi emagetsi mucoil.
• Waya dzinotakura ikozvino kune amplifier.

Nyaya

Mumakore ekuma1920, vatambi veblues nejazz vakashandisa acoustic gitare, asi sezvo mhando dzakakura, simba rayo re sonic rakatanga kushaikwa. Muna 1923, injiniya Lloyd Gore akakwanisa kuuya nepikicha yemhando ye electrostatic. Muna 1931, Georges Beauchamps akagadzira pikicha yemagetsi. Ndizvo zvakatanga nhoroondo yegitare remagetsi.

Gitare remagetsi rekutanga pasi rose rakatumidzwa zita remadunhurirwa rekuti "frying pan" yemuviri wayo wesimbi. Mukupera kwe30s, vanofarira vakaedza kubatanidza mapikicha kune isina gomba Spanish gitare kubva kumhando yekirasi, asi kuyedza kwakatungamira mukukanganisa kwekurira, kutaridzika kweruzha. Mainjiniya akabvisa zvakakanganisika kuburikidza nekutenderedza kaviri kwakananga kumashure, achidzikisa ruzha.

Muna 1950, muzvinabhizimusi Leo Fender akatanga magitare eEsquire, gare gare mhando dzeNhepfenyuro neTelecaster dzakabuda pamusika. The Stratocaster, iyo inonyanya kufarirwa yegitare yemagetsi, yakaunzwa kumusika muna 1954. Muna 1952, Gibson akabudisa Les Paul, gitare remagetsi rakava rimwe remitemo. Ibanez yekutanga 8-tambo gitare yemagetsi yakagadzirwa kuodha yeSweden metal rockers Meshuggah.

Mhando dzemagitare emagetsi

Musiyano mukuru pakati pemagitare emagetsi ukuru. Magitare madiki anogadzirwa zvakanyanya neFender. Iyo brand inonyanya kufarirwa compact chishandiso ndeye Hard Tail Stratocaster.

Mhando dzakakurumbira dzegitare emagetsi uye zvigadzirwa zvemhando:

• Iyo Stratocaster imhando yekuAmerica ine 3 pickups uye 5 nzira chinja kuti uwedzere ruzha musanganiswa.
• Superstrat - pakutanga yaive mhando yestratocaster ine yakaomesesa fittings. Iye zvino iyo superstrat iboka guru remagitare, yakasiyana neyakatangira mune isina kujairika muviri contour yakagadzirwa nemhando yakasiyana yehuni, pamwe chete nemusoro, tambo inobata.
• Lespol imhando yakasiyana-siyana yechimiro chakanaka nemuviri we mahogany.
• Telecaster - gitare remagetsi, rakagadzirwa nenzira yakapusa yemadota kana alder.
• SG chiridzwa chine nyanga chepakutanga chakagadzirwa nechidimbu chehuni.
• Iyo Explorer igitare rakaita senyeredzi rine switch yekurira pamucheto chaipo wemuviri.
• Randy Rhoads inguva pfupi gitare remagetsi. Yakanakira kukurumidza kuverenga.
• Iyo Flying V igitare rekutsvaira-back rinofarirwa nesimbi rockers. Kubva pairi, Mambo V akaitwa - muenzaniso wegitare Robbin Crosby, anonzi "mambo".
• BC Mupfumi akanaka magitare erocker. Mhando dzakakurumbira dzinosanganisira Mockingbird, iyo yakaonekwa muna 1975, uye Warlock yemagetsi uye bass gitare ine "satanic" body contour yeheavy metal.
• Iyo Firebird ndiyo yekutanga yeGibson yakasimba huni modhi kubvira 1963.
• Jazzmaster igitare remagetsi rakagadzirwa kubva muna 1958. "Chiuno" chemuviri chinodzingwa kuitira kuti zvive nyore kune Play Play, sezvo jazzmen, kusiyana ne rockers, haitambi yakamira.

Maitiro ekuridza gitare remagetsi

Sarudzo yenzira dzekutamba gitare yemagetsi yakakura, inogona kubatanidzwa uye kuchinjaniswa. Iwo anonyanyozivikanwa tricks:

• nyundo-pamusoro - kurohwa neminwe perpendicular kune ndege yefretboard pazvisungo;
• kudhonza-kubvisa - zvinopesana nemaitiro apfuura - kuputsa zvigunwe kubva kune tambo dzekurira;
• bend - tambo yakamanikidzwa inofamba perpendicular kune fretboard, inzwi zvishoma nezvishoma rinova rakakwirira;
• slide - fambisa zvigunwe kureba tambo kumusoro uye pasi;
• vibrato - kudedera kwemunwe pane tambo;
• trill - kukurumidza kumwe kubereka kwezvinyorwa zviviri;
• rake - kupfuudza pasi mitsara nekuratidzwa kwechinyorwa chekupedzisira, panguva imwechete mutsara wetambo unovharwa nechigunwe chekuruboshwe;
• flageolet - kubata zvishoma nemunwe wetambo pamusoro pe 3,5,7, 12 nut, zvino kunhonga ne plectrum;
• kubaya – kuridza kanoti kekutanga nechigunwe chekurudyi, wozotamba nezvigunwe zvekuruboshwe.

kushandisa

Kazhinji, magitare emagetsi anoshandiswa nemarockers emativi ese, kusanganisira punk uye imwe dombo. Hasha uye "kubvaruka" inzwi rinoshandiswa mudombo rakaoma, rakapfava uye polyphonic - muvanhu.

Gitare remagetsi rinosarudzwa nevaimbi vejazz neblues, kashoma nevatambi vepop uye disco.

Maitiro ekusarudza

Sarudzo yakanakisa kune anotanga ndeye 6-tambo 22-fret chiridzwa chine chiyero chakagadziriswa uye bolt-pamutsipa.

Kusarudza gitare rakakodzera usati watenga:

• Ongorora chigadzirwa. Ita shuwa kuti hapana kunze kuremara, kukwenya, machipisi.
• Teerera kuti tambo dzinonzwika sei pasina amplifier zvachose. Usatora chiridzwa kana ruzha rwakanyanya kunyarara, kurira kunonzwika.
• Tarisa kana mutsipa wakatsetseka, wakanyatsobatanidzwa nemuviri, uye wakasununguka muruoko.
• Edza kuridza nekubatanidza chiridzwa kune chinosimudzira inzwi. Tarisa kunaka kwenzwi.
• Tarisa kuti pikicha imwe neimwe inoshanda sei. Shandura inzwi uye inzwi. Kuchinja kwenzwi kunofanira kunge kwakatsetseka, pasina ruzha rwekunze.
• Kana paine muimbi anoziva, mukumbire kuti aridze mutinhimira unozivikanwa. Inofanira kunzwika yakachena.

Gitare remagetsi haridhure, saka tora kutenga kwako zvakanyanya. Chiridzwa chakanaka chichagara kwenguva yakareba, chichikubvumira kuti uvandudze unyanzvi hwako hwemimhanzi pasina matambudziko.