Eduard van Beinum |

Eduard van Beinum

Nekusangana kunofadza, Holland mudiki akapa nyika vatenzi vaviri vanoshamisa mukati mezvizvarwa zviviri.

Mumunhu waEduard van Beinum, the best orchestra muNetherlands - ane mukurumbira Concertgebouw - akagamuchira kutsiva kwakakodzera kweakakurumbira Willem Mengelberg. Apo, muna 1931, akapedza kufunda weAmsterdam Conservatory, Beinum, akava muitisi wechipiri weConcertgebouw, “rekodhi” yake yakanga yatobatanidza makore anoverengeka evaimbi vaitungamirira muHiedam, Haarlem, uye izvozvo zvisati zvaitika, nguva refu yebasa semuimbi. violist mune imwe orchestra, kwaakatanga kutamba kubva pazera ramakore gumi nematanhatu, uye piano mukamuri ensembles.

MuAmsterdam, akatanga kutora pfungwa kwaari nekuita repertoire yemazuva ano: mabasa naBerg, Webern, Roussel, Bartok, Stravinsky. Izvi zvakamusiyanisa kubva kune vaaishanda navo vakuru uye vane ruzivo rwakanyanya vaishanda neochestra - Mengelberg naMonte - uye zvakamubvumira kutora chinzvimbo chakazvimirira. Kwemakore, yakasimbiswa, uye kare muna 1938, nzvimbo ye "yechipiri" yekutanga kondakita yakagadzwa zvakananga kuBeinum. Pashure paizvozvo, akanga atova nemakonzati akawanda kupfuura vakwegura V. Mengelberg. Zvichakadaro, tarenda rake rave kucherechedzwa kunze kwenyika. Muna 1936, Beinum yakaitwa muWarsaw, kwaakatanga kuita Second Symphony neH. Badings yakatsaurirwa kwaari, uye mushure mokunge ashanyira Switzerland, France, USSR (1937) nedzimwe nyika.

Kubva muna 1945, Beinum akava mutungamiriri we orchestra. Gore rega rega rakaunza iye nechikwata budiriro itsva dzinokatyamadza. Vaimbi vechiDutch vaiimba vachitungamirirwa naye munenge munyika dzose dzeWestern Europe; kondakita pachake, kunze kweizvi, akabudirira kutenderera muMilan, Rome, Naples, Paris, Vienna, London, Rio de Janeiro uye Buenos Aires, New York uye Philadelphia. Uye kwose kwose kutsoropodza kwakapa ongororo yakanyanyisa yeunyanzvi hwake. Zvisinei, kushanya kwakawanda hakuna kuunza kugutsikana kukuru kune muimbi - aifarira kungwarira, kushanda nesimba neochestra, achitenda kuti kungogara kubatanidzwa chete pakati pemuitisi nevaimbi kunogona kuunza zvibereko zvakanaka. Saka, akaramba zvipo zvakawanda zvaimupa mari yakawanda kudai zvaisabatanidza basa rokudzidzira refu. Asi kubva 1949 kusvika 1952 aigara akapedza mwedzi yakawanda muLondon, achitungamirira Philharmonic Orchestra, uye muna 1956-1957 akashanda nenzira yakafanana muLos Angeles. Beinum akapa simba rake rose kune unyanzvi hwake hwaanoda uye akafira pabasa - panguva yekudzidzira neConcertgebouw orchestra.

Eduard van Beinum akaita basa guru mukusimudzira tsika yenyika yemimhanzi yenyika yake, kusimudzira hunyanzvi hwevaaigara navo, vachibatsira mukuvandudza art yeorchestra. Panguva imwecheteyo, semutungamiri, akasiyaniswa nekwaniso isingawanzo kududzira mimhanzi kubva panguva dzakasiyana uye masitaera ane hunyanzvi uye pfungwa yemaitiro. Zvichida, mimhanzi yeFrance yakanga iri pedyo naye - Debussy naRavel, pamwe naBruckner naBartok, avo vane mabasa aakaita nekurudziro yakakosha uye hunyengeri. Mabasa mazhinji aK. Shimanovsky, D. Shostakovich, L. Janachek, B. Bartok, Z. Kodai akatanga kuitwa muNetherlands achitungamirirwa naye. Baynum yaive nechipo chinoshamisa chevaimbi vanokurudzira, vachitsanangura mabasa kwavari anenge pasina mazwi; akapfuma intuition, fungidziro yakajeka, kushaikwa kwezvimedu zvakapa dudziro yake hunhu hwekusanganiswa kusingawanzo kusununguka kwehunyanzvi hwemunhu uye kubatana kwakakodzera kweimbwa yese.

Baynum yakasiya zvinyorwa zvakawanda, kusanganisira mabasa aBach, Handel, Mozart, Beethoven, Brahms, Ravel, Rimsky-Korsakov (Scheherazade) naTchaikovsky (suite kubva kuThe Nutcracker).

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek