Kaviri bass nhoroondo
Chii chinonzi symphony orchestra pasina chimiro chakakosha chemimhanzi se kaviri bass? Ichi chiridzwa chine tambo chakakotama, chine mutinhimira waro usinganzwisisi asi wakadzika, chinoshongedza machamber ensembles uye kunyange jazz neruzha rwayo. Vamwe vanogona kutsiva bass gitare navo. Kubva rinhi mabhesi maviri anoshamisa akafadza nekukwezva vateereri pasi rese, achimiririra mitauro yese yenyika kamwechete, uye asingade muturikiri?
Contrabass viola. Zvichida, iyo kaviri bass ndiyo yega chiridzwa chemimhanzi munyika iyo nhoroondo yekusika uye kuiswa kwayo mutsika yakakurumbira yakazara nemapundu akadaro. Kutaurwa kwekutanga kweichi chiridzwa chine tambo chakatanga kuRenaissance.
Violas inoonekwa seye tateguru weiyo mbiri bass, kune iyo mhuri iyo mbiri bass ichiri kusanganisirwa. The double bass viola yakatanga kufananidzirwa mumufananidzo wake "Marriage at Kana" neVenetian paolo Veronese kumashure muna 1563. Zuva iri rinoonekwa sekutanga kwekuverenga nhoroondo yemabhesi maviri.
Muzana ramakore rechi 5, maviyo maviri-bass akatanga kuverengerwa muorchestra yeClaudio Monteverdi's opera Orpheus uye anotaurwa muhuwandu hwezvidimbu zviviri muchiratidzo. Panguva iyoyo, tsananguro yemhando yechiridzwa pachayo yakagadzirwa naMichael Pretorius, panguva imwechete zvakazoitika kuti kaviri bass viola yaive ne6-XNUMX tambo.
Kuumbwa kwemabhesi maviri sechiridzwa chakazvimirira chekuimba. Iwo maviri bass muchimiro chayo chemazuva ano akaonekwa pakati pezana ramakore rechiXNUMX. Muvambi wayo aive tenzi weItaly Michele Todini. 
Iye pachake akatenda kuti akanga agadzira cello huru, asi akaitumidza kuti mabhesi maviri. Hutsva hwakanga huri tambo ina. Saka mabhesi maviri akave "defector" kubva kune imwe mhuri - viols kune imwe - violin, sekureva kweGerman instrumentalist Kurt Sachs.
Kusumwa kwekutanga kwemabass maviri muorchestra kwakanyorwa muItari. Izvi zvakaitwa muna 1699 nemunyori D. Aldrovandini mune opera "Caesar of Alexandria" pamutambo wekutanga panhandare yeNaples.
Chinhu chinonyanya kufadza ndechekubatanidza zvishoma nezvishoma pfungwa mbiri - "violone" ne "double bass". Nechikonzero ichi, muItaly mabhesi maviri akanzi "Violone", muEngland - Double bass, muGermany - der Kontrabass, uye muFrance - Contrebasse. Chete muma50s ezana ramakore rechi XNUMX apo violone yakazopedzisira yave kaviri bass. Panenge panguva imwe cheteyo, veEuropean orchestra vakatanga kufarira mabhesi maviri. 
Muzana remakore re XVIII, "akakura" kuita solo, asi ane tambo nhatu pachiridzwa.
Muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX, Giovanni Bottzini naFranz Simandl vakaramba vachigadzira iyi mhanzi nzira. Uye kare muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX, vatevedzeri vavo vakawanikwa mumunhu waAdolf Mishek naSergei Koussevitzky.
Mazana maviri amakore ehondo yenguva dzose nokuda kwokuvapo akatungamirira kukusikwa kwechiridzwa chakajeka chemimhanzi chinogona kukwikwidzana nenhengo ine simba. Kuburikidza nenhamburiko dzevaimbi vakakurumbira, mamiriyoni evanhu zvino ari kutevera nomufaro usiri pachena kufamba kwounyanzvi kwemaoko enyanzvi patambo.
