Wheel lyre: tsananguro yechiridzwa, kuumbwa, ruzha, nhoroondo, kushandiswa

The hurdy gurdy chiridzwa chemumhanzi kubva kuMiddle Ages. Ndeyechikamu chetambo, friction. Vepedyo "hama" ndivo organist, nikelharpa.

Device

Chishandiso chinotaridzika chisina kujairika, pakati pezvikamu zvaro zvikuru zvinotevera:

• Frame. Yakagadzirwa nematanda, yakaita senhamba 8. Inosanganisira 2 mapuranga akasungirirwa negoko rakafara. Pamusoro, muviri wakashongedzerwa nehoko bhokisi nemakomba anoita seresonators.
• Wheel. Inowanikwa mukati memuviri: yakasimwa pane axis, iyo, ichipfuura goko, yakabatana nebato rinotenderera. Chikamu chevhiri remavhiri chinobuda kubva padenga repamusoro kuburikidza nenzvimbo yakakosha.
• Keyboard mechanism. Inowanikwa padenga repamusoro. Bhokisi racho rinosanganisira 9-13 makiyi. Kiyi imwe neimwe ine protrusion: kana yakadzvanywa, iyo protrusions inobata tambo - iyi ndiyo nzira inogadzirwa inzwi. Izvo zvinoratidzira zvinogona kutenderedzwa nekufamba kuruboshwe uye kurudyi, nekudaro kushandura chiyero.
• Strings. Huwandu hwekutanga zvidimbu zvitatu. Imwe ine melodic, maviri ari bourdon. Tambo yepakati iri mukati mebhokisi, mamwe ari kunze. Tambo dzese dzakabatana nevhiri: kutenderera, inoburitsa manzwi kubva kwavari. Mutsindo mukuru unoridzwa nekutsikirira makiyi: nekubata tambo munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana, protrusions inoshandura kureba kwayo, uye panguva imwe chete iyo pitch.

Pakutanga, zvinhu zvezvisungo zvaive tsinga dzemhuka, mumhando dzemazuva ano dzakagadzirwa nesimbi, nylon, nhamba yavo yakasiyana nemuenzaniso wekare (nenzira huru).

Ko hurdy gurdy inonzwika sei?

Ruzha rwechiridzwa chainyanya kuenderana nemhando yevhiri: kurongeka kwepakati payo, kutsetseka kwepamusoro. Nokuda kwekuwirirana, kuchena kwerwiyo, pamusoro pegumbo rakasvibiswa ne rosin risati raridza, tambo dzakanga dzakaputirwa nemvere dzemakwai panzvimbo yekubata negumbo.

Mutsindo wehurdy-gurdy unosuwisa, mhino zvishoma, monotonous, asi une simba.

History

Mutangiri wehurdy-gurdy akanga ari oganistrum, chiridzwa chikuru uye chinorema, chiridzwa chisingafadzi chaigona kubata vaimbi vaviri chete. Mumazana emakore X-XIII, iyo oganistrum yakanga iripo munenge temberi imwe neimwe, monastery - mimhanzi inoera yakaitwa pairi. Mucherechedzo wekare weiyo oganistrum pane diki yechirungu yakatanga kusvika 1175.

Iyo hurdy gurdy yakakurumidza kupararira muEurope yose. Rudzi urwu ruduku rwakava rwakakurumbira pakati pevasingaoni, mapofu, uye vapemhi vaiimba nziyo dzokuti veruzhinji vararame nadzo.

Kutenderera kutsva kwemukurumbira kwakatora chiridzwa muzana ramakore rechi XNUMX: maaristocrats akakwevera kutarisa kune yekare kuda kuziva uye akaishandisa zvakare.

Iyo mbira yakaonekwa muRussia muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX. Sezvingabvira, yakaunzwa kubva kuUkraine, uko yakanga yakakurumbira zvikuru. Paiva nemasangano edzidzo anokosha aidzidzisa vanhu vokuUkraine kuridza chiridzwa chacho.

MuUSSR, iyo hurdy gurdy yakagadziridzwa: nhamba yetambo yakawedzerwa, ichiwedzera ruzha, tepi yekutumira yakaiswa panzvimbo yevhiri, uye chigadziri chakawedzerwa chakachinja kudzvanywa kwetambo.

Kusangana nhasi chiridzwa ichi hachiwanzoitiki. Kunyange zvazvo ichiri kunzwika kubudirira muHurumende Orchestra yeBelarus.

Play technique

Muiti anoisa chimiro pamabvi ake. Zvimwe zvishandiso zvakashongedzerwa nemabhandi kuti zvive nyore - zvinokandwa pamapfudzi. Chinhu chakakosha inzvimbo yemuviri: bhokisi rembambo riri kuruoko rweruboshwe rwemuimbi, rinotsauka zvishoma kudivi kuitira kuti makiyi arege kudzvanya tambo.

Neruoko rworudyi, muiti anotenderera zvishoma nezvishoma mubato, achiisa gumbo mukufamba. Ruoko rworuboshwe runoshanda nemakiyi.

Vamwe vaimbi vanoridza nziyo vakamira. Iyi chinzvimbo panguva yePlay inoda humwe hunyanzvi.

Mamwe mazita

The hurdy gurdy ndiro razvino, zita repamutemo rechiridzwa. Mune dzimwe nyika, zita rayo rinonzwika zvakasiyana:

• Drehleier. Rimwe remazita echiGerman. Uyewo, chiridzwa muGermany chainzi "betterleier", "leier", "bauernleier".
• Ryla. Iro zita rechiUkraine zita re lira, iro rakave nemukurumbira unoshamisa pakati pevagari veko pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechiXNUMX.
• Vielle. "Zita" rechiFrench rembira, uye kure neyoga. Ainziwo "vierelete", "sambuca", "chifonie".
• Hurdy-gurdy. Zita reChirungu rinoshandiswa nevatambi veRussia rinonzwika se "hardy-hardy".
• Ghironda. Musiyano weItaly. Uyewo munyika ino, shoko rokuti "rotata", "lira tedesca", "sinfonia" rinoshandiswa kune lira.
• Tekero. pasi pezita iri, vagari veHungary vanoziva lira.
• Lira korbowa. Iri ndiro zita rechiridzwa muchiPolish.
• Ninara. pasi pezita iri kune lira muCzech Republic.

Kushandisa mudziyo

Basa rekutanga rechiridzwa nderekuperekedza. Vaitamba nemanzwi ekuchera, kuimba nziyo, kutaura ngano. Vatambi vemazuva ano vakawedzera runyoro urwu. Pasinei nokuti nhasi mukurumbira wehurdy-gurdy hauna kufanana neMiddle Ages, vaimbi vevanhu, rock bands, jazz ensembles vanoisanganisira mune yavo arsenal.

Pakati pevenguva yedu, vanotevera vakakurumbira vakashandisa mbira yakavandudzwa:

• R. Blackmore - mutambi wegitare wekuBritain, mutungamiri webhendi reDeep Purple (Blacrmore's Night project).
• D. Peji, R. Plant - nhengo dzeboka "Led Zeppelin" (chirongwa "Hapana Quarter. Unledded").
• "MuExtremo" ibhendi resimbi reGerman rakakurumbira (rwiyo "Captus Est").
• N. Eaton mutambi wechiRungu anokuya anoridzawo hurdy-gurdy.
• "Pesnyary" inonzwika uye inoridza ensemble yenguva yeSoviet, kusanganisira vaimbi veRussia, Belarusian mavambo.
• Y. Vysokov - soloist weRussia rock band "Hospital".
• B. McCreery muimbi weAmerica, akanyora nziyo dzeTV dzakatevedzana Black Sails, The Walking Dead nekutora chikamu kwehurdy-gurdy.
• V. Luferov muimbi weRussia anoridza ega anoshanda pachiridzwa ichi.
• Kaulakau vaimbi vana veSpanish folk-jazz.
• Eluveitie iSwiss folk metal band.
• "Omnia" iboka remimhanzi rine chinyorwa cheDutch-Belgian, kuumba mabasa mumutauro wevanhu.