Chii chinonzi tonality?

Ngationei nhasi kuti tonality chii. Kune vaverengi vasina moyo murefu ndinoti pakarepo: anokosha - uku ndiko kugoverwa kwechinzvimbo chechiyero chemimhanzi kune toni dzemimhanzi yeimwe nzwi, inosungira kune chimwe chikamu chechiyero chemimhanzi. Ipapo usanyanyoita nungo kuti unyatsozvinzwisisa.

Iwe wakambonzwa izwi rekuti “” kare, handiti? Dzimwe nguva vaimbi vanonyunyuta pamusoro pemanzwi asina kunaka, vachikumbira kusimudza kana kudzikisa kurira kwerwiyo. Zvakanaka, mumwe munhu angave akanzwa izwi iri kubva kune vatyairi vemotokari vanoshandisa tonality kurondedzera ruzha rweinjini inomhanya. Ngatitii tinosimudza kumhanya, uye tinobva tanzwa kuti ruzha rweinjini rwunowedzera kubaya - inoshandura matauriro ayo. Pakupedzisira, ndichadoma chimwe chinhu icho mumwe nemumwe wenyu akasangana nacho - hurukuro nenzwi rakasimudzwa (munhu akangotanga kupopota, akachinja "matauriro" ekutaura kwake, uye munhu wese akabva anzwa mhedzisiro).

Zvino ngatidzokere kutsanangudzo yedu. Saka, tinodaidza tonality musical scale pitch. Chii chinonzi frets uye chimiro chavo chinotsanangurwa zvakadzama munyaya inoti "Chii chinonzi fret". Rega ndikuyeuchidze kuti maitiro akajairika mumimhanzi makuru uye madiki; dzinosanganisira madhigirii manomwe, iyo huru ndiyo yekutanga (iyo inonzi tonic).

Tonic uye modhi - maviri akakosha zviyero zve tonality

Iwe une pfungwa yekuti tonality chii, ikozvino ngatienderere mberi kune zvikamu zve tonality. Kune chero kiyi, zvivakwa zviviri zvinosarudza - tonic yayo uye maitiro ayo. Ndinokurudzira kurangarira pfungwa inotevera: kiyi yakaenzana ne tonic plus mode.

Mutemo uyu unogona kubatanidzwa, semuenzaniso, nezita rematoni, rinoonekwa mune iyi fomu:. Ndiko kuti, zita remanzwi rinoratidza kuti rimwe remanzwi rave pakati, tonic (yekutanga nhanho) yeimwe yemodhi (huru kana diki).

Zviratidzo zvakakosha mumakiyi

Sarudzo yeimwe kana imwe kiyi yekurekodha chidimbu chemimhanzi inosarudza kuti zviratidzo zvipi zvicharatidzwa pakiyi. Kuonekwa kwezviratidzo zvakakosha - zvinopinza uye flats - imhaka yekuti, zvichibva pane yakapihwa tonic, chiyero chinokura, icho chinogadzirisa kureba pakati pemadhigirii (kure musemitones uye toni) uye izvo zvinoita kuti mamwe madhigirii aderedze, nepo mamwe. , pane kudaro, kuwedzera.

Kuenzanisa, ini ndinokupa 7 makiyi makuru uye manomwe madiki makiyi, iwo makuru matanho anotorwa se tonic (pamakiyi machena). Enzanisa, semuenzaniso, tonality, vangani mavara ari mukati uye ndeapi mavara akakosha mukati, nezvimwe.

Saka, iwe unoona kuti makiyi masaini muB ane matatu akapinza (F, C uye G), asi hapana zviratidzo muB; - kiyi ine zvinopinza zvina (F, C, G uye D), uye mune imwe chete inopinza mukiyi. Zvese izvi imhaka yekuti mudiki, zvichienzaniswa nehukuru, yakaderera yechitatu, yechitanhatu uye yechinomwe madhigirii imhando yezviratidzo zveiyo modhi.

Kuti uyeuke kuti makiyi masaini ari mumakiyi uye usambovhiringika nawo, unofanirwa kuziva akati wandei akareruka misimboti. Verenga zvakawanda pamusoro peizvi munyaya "Maitirwo ekuyeuka zviratidzo zvinokosha." Iverenge uye udzidze, semuenzaniso, kuti zvinopinza uye mafurati mukiyi hazvina kunyorwa zvisina tsarukano, asi mune imwe, iri nyore kurangarira-kurongeka, uye zvakare kuti iyi kurongeka kunokubatsira iwe ipapo kufamba akasiyana siyana ematonali…

Parallel uye eponymous kiyi

Yave nguva yekuziva kuti toni dzinoenderana chii uye kuti makiyi akafanana ndeapi. Takatosangana nemakiyi ezita rimwechete, panguva chaiyo yataifananidza makiyi makuru nemadiki.

Makiyi ezita rimwe chete - Aya ndiwo matani umo tonic yakafanana, asi maitiro akasiyana. Semuyenzaniso,

Parallel kiyi - aya matauriro umo zviratidzo zvakakosha zvakafanana, asi tonics dzakasiyana. Takaonawo izvi: semuenzaniso, tonality isina zviratidzo uye zvakare, kana, neimwe inopinza uye neimwe inopinza, mune imwe furati (B) uye zvakare mune imwe chiratidzo - B-flat.

Makiyi akafanana uye anoenderana anogara aripo mu "major-diki" peya. Kune chero makiyi, unogona kutumidza zita rimwechete uye parallel huru kana diki. Zvose zvakajeka nemazita ezita rimwe chete, asi ikozvino tichabata neaya akafanana.

Nzira yekuwana sei parallel kiyi?

Iyo tonic yemudiki inofananidzwa iri padanho rechitanhatu rechiyero chikuru, uye tonic yechiyero chikuru chezita rimwe chete iri padanho rechitatu rechiyero chidiki. Semuyenzaniso, tiri kutsvaga parallel tonality ye: nhanho yechitanhatu in – note , zvinoreva kuti tonality inofambirana Mumwe muenzaniso: tiri kutsvaga parallel ye – tinoverenga matanho matatu towana parallel.

Pane imwe nzira yekuwana nayo parallel kiyi. Mutemo unoshanda: iyo tonic yeiyi parallel kiyi idiki yechitatu pasi (kana isu tichitsvaga yakafanana mudiki), kana diki yechitatu kumusoro (kana isu tichitsvaga inoenderana huru). Chechitatu chii, mavakirwo acho, uye mimwe mibvunzo yose ine chokuita nenhambo inokurukurwa munyaya inoti “Musical Intervals.”

Kunyora zvese

Chinyorwa chakaongorora mibvunzo: chii chinonzi tonality, chii chinofananidzira uye eponymous tonalities, ndeipi basa rinoitwa tonic uye mode, uye maratidziro akakosha anoonekwa mumatoni.

Mukupedzisa, chimwe chokwadi chinonakidza. Pane imwe mimhanzi-yepfungwa chiitiko - iyo inonzi kunzwa kwemavara. Chii chinonzi kunzwa kwemavara? Ichi chimiro chechimiro chenzwi apo munhu anosanganisa kiyi imwe neimwe neruvara. Vanyori NA vaive nekunzwa kwemavara. Rimsky-Korsakov uye AN Scriabin. Pamwe newewo uchawana uku kugona kunoshamisa mauri.

Ndinokushuvira kubudirira mukuwedzera kudzidza kwemimhanzi. Siya mibvunzo yako mumhinduro. Zvino ini ndinokupa zano kuti uzorore zvishoma uye utarise vhidhiyo kubva mufirimu "Kunyorazve Beethoven" nemimhanzi inoyevedza ye9th symphony yemunyori, iyo tonality iyo, nenzira, yatove yakajairika kwauri.

"Kunyorazve Beethoven" - Symphony No. 9 (mimhanzi inoshamisa)